Abstract
Abstract Zinc (Zn) deficiency hinders growth and development in tomato. This study unveils the responses of how Zn starvation affects physiological and molecular processes in tomato. Zn deficiency negatively affected the biomass, cellular integrity, and chlorophyll synthesis in tomato. Also, Zn deficiency decreased the maximum yield of PSII, photosynthesis performance index and dissipation energy per active reaction center, although the antenna size, trapping energy efficiency and electron transport flux were stable in Zn-starved leaves. Further, Zn shortage caused a substantial reduction in Zn and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots along with decreased root Fe-reductase activity accompanied by the downregulation of Fe-regulated transporter 1 , Zn transporter-like (LOC100037509) , and Zn transporter (LOC101255999) genes predicted to be localized in the root plasma membrane. The interactome partners of these Zn transporters are predominantly associated with root-specific metal transporter, ferric-chelate reductase, BHLH transcriptional regulator, and Zn metal ion transporters, suggesting that Zn homeostasis may be tightly linked to the Fe status along with BHLH transcription factor in Zn-deficient tomato. We also noticed elevated O 2 .− and H 2 O 2 due to Zn deficiency which was consistent with the inefficient antioxidant properties. These findings will be useful in the downstream approach to improve vegetable crops sensitive to Zn-deficiency.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Zn deficiency negatively affected the biomass, cellular integrity and chlorophyll synthesis of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Zn deficiencye1
- Outcome
- biomass, cellular integrity, and chlorophyll synthesise1
- Direction
- negatively affectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e1“Zn deficiency negatively affected the biomass, cellular integrity, and chlorophyll synthesis in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn deficiency decreased the maximum yield of PSII, the photosynthesis performance index and dissipation energy per active reaction center.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Zn deficiencye2
- Outcome
- maximum yield of PSII, photosynthesis performance index and dissipation energy per active reaction centere2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e2“Zn deficiency decreased the maximum yield of PSII, photosynthesis performance index and dissipation energy per active reaction center”
Claim · model-written summary
Antenna size, trapping energy efficiency and electron transport flux were stable in Zn-starved leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese2
- Treatment
- Zn-starvede2
- Outcome
- antenna size, trapping energy efficiency and electron transport fluxe2
- Direction
- stablee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e2“although the antenna size, trapping energy efficiency and electron transport flux were stable in Zn-starved leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn shortage substantially reduced Zn and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- roots and shootse3
- Treatment
- Zn shortagee3
- Outcome
- Zn and Fe concentrationse3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e3“Zn shortage caused a substantial reduction in Zn and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn shortage decreased root Fe-reductase activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote4
- Treatment
- Zn shortagee3
- Outcome
- root Fe-reductase activitye4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e3“Zn shortage caused a substantial reduction in Zn and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots”
e4“along with decreased root Fe-reductase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn shortage downregulated Fe-regulated transporter 1 and Zn transporter genes predicted to localize to the root plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- root plasma membranee4
- Treatment
- Zn shortagee3
- Gene
- Fe-regulated transporter 1e4
- Outcome
- downregulatione4
- Direction
- downregulatione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e3“Zn shortage caused a substantial reduction in Zn and Fe concentrations in both roots and shoots”
e4“accompanied by the downregulation of Fe-regulated transporter 1, Zn transporter-like (LOC100037509) , and Zn transporter (LOC101255999) genes predicted to be localized in the root plasma membrane”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn homeostasis may be tightly linked to Fe status, together with a BHLH transcription factor, in Zn-deficient tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- BHLH transcription factore5
- Outcome
- Zn homeostasise5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e5“suggesting that Zn homeostasis may be tightly linked to the Fe status along with BHLH transcription factor in Zn-deficient tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn deficiency elevated O2.- and H2O2 levels in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Zn deficiencye6
- Outcome
- O 2 .− and H 2 O 2e6
- Direction
- elevatede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e6“We also noticed elevated O 2 .− and H 2 O 2 due to Zn deficiency which was consistent with the inefficient antioxidant properties”
Claim · model-written summary
The interactome partners of the Zn transporters were mainly root metal transporters, a ferric-chelate reductase, a BHLH regulator and Zn ion transporters.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- interactome partners of these Zn transporterse7
- Qualifier
- predominantly associated with root-specific metal transporter, ferric-chelate reductase, BHLH transcriptional regulator, and Zn metal ion transporterse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Downregulation of Zn-transporters along with Fe and redox imbalance causes growth and photosynthetic disturbance in Zn-deficient tomato”
e7“The interactome partners of these Zn transporters are predominantly associated with root-specific metal transporter, ferric-chelate reductase, BHLH transcriptional regulator, and Zn metal ion transporters”
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