Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is necessary for plants at low concentrations; but excess Ni has toxic effects on plant growth. In this research, the effects of different Ni levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 μM from NiCl2) on leaf antioxidative response of two cucumber cultivars (Cucumis sativus L. cvs. Super Dominus and Negin) supplied with NH4NO3 as nitrogen source in nutrient solution was investigated. The results showed that by increasing Ni concentration in the nutrient solution and growth period, Ni concentration in the leaves of both cucumber cultivars was increased. This increase was greater at the vegetative growth stage compared with the reproductive stage. Higher levels of malonedialhdeyde (MDA) were also produced at the vegetative stage with respect to the reproductive stage. Application of 50 μM Ni significantly reduced MDA concentration, produced from lipid peroxidation, in comparison with the Ni-free control treatment. The effect of Ni on catalase (CAT) activity was dependent on the cucumber cultivar and concentration of this element in the growth medium. At the vegetative stage, Ni addition had no significant effect on activity of CAT in Super Dominus cultivar, while significantly reduced leaf activity of CAT in Negin cultivar. At the reproductive stage, Ni addition reduced activity of CAT in comparison with Ni-free treatment, regardless of the cucumber cultivar. Results showed that at the vegetative stage, application of 50 μM Ni to the growth medium resulted in lower activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) in the leaves of both cucumber cultivars. By increasing the Ni level to 100 and 200 μM, the activity of this enzyme was increased. At the reproductive stage, activity of the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the leaves was dependent on the cultivar and concentration of this element in the medium. According to the results obtained from the present study, in general, the effect of Ni on activity of antioxidant enzymes in cucumber leaves varies with plant cultivar, Ni level and enzyme type.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nickel concentration increased with nutrient-solution nickel concentration and growth period in both cucumber cultivars.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- Ni concentration in the nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- Ni concentration in the leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by increasing Ni concentration in the nutrient solution and growth period, Ni concentration in the leaves of both cucumber cultivars was increased.”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in leaf nickel was greater at the vegetative than reproductive stage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative growth stagee0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- reproductive stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This increase was greater at the vegetative growth stage compared with the reproductive stage.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA levels were higher at the vegetative than reproductive stage.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee0
- Outcome
- levels of malonedialhdeyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- reproductive stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher levels of malonedialhdeyde (MDA) were also produced at the vegetative stage with respect to the reproductive stage.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
50 μM Ni significantly reduced cucumber leaf MDA relative to the Ni-free control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 50 μM Nie0
- Outcome
- MDA concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- Ni-free control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50 μM Ni significantly reduced MDA concentration, produced from lipid peroxidation, in comparison with the Ni-free control treatment.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
At the vegetative stage nickel did not significantly affect CAT activity in Super Dominus.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Super Dominuse0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee0
- Treatment
- Ni additione0
- Gene
- CATe0
- Outcome
- activity of CATe0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the vegetative stage, Ni addition had no significant effect on activity of CAT in Super Dominus cultivar”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
At the vegetative stage nickel significantly reduced leaf CAT activity in Negin.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- Negine0
- Treatment
- Nie0
- Gene
- CATe0
- Outcome
- leaf activity of CATe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while significantly reduced leaf activity of CAT in Negin cultivar.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
At the reproductive stage nickel reduced CAT activity in both cucumber cultivars relative to nickel-free treatment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Treatment
- Ni additione0
- Gene
- CATe0
- Outcome
- activity of CATe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- Ni-free treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the reproductive stage, Ni addition reduced activity of CAT in comparison with Ni-free treatment, regardless of the cucumber cultivar.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
At the vegetative stage 50 μM Ni lowered leaf GPX activity in both cucumber cultivars.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Organ / stage
- vegetative stagee0
- Treatment
- 50 μM Nie0
- Gene
- guaiacol peroxidase (GPX)e0
- Outcome
- activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at the vegetative stage, application of 50 μM Ni to the growth medium resulted in lower activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) in the leaves of both cucumber cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nickel to 100 and 200 μM increased GPX activity.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Ni level to 100 and 200 μMe0
- Outcome
- activity of this enzymee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By increasing the Ni level to 100 and 200 μM, the activity of this enzyme was increased.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
At the reproductive stage leaf APX activity depended on cultivar and nickel concentration.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Gene
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
- Outcome
- activity of the ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the reproductive stage, activity of the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the leaves was dependent on the cultivar and concentration of this element in the medium.”
t0“cucumber leaves”
t1“cucumber leaves”
The same questions in other papers
nickel atom · physiology: oxidative · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
nickel atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.