Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effect of compost and bio-fertilizers on the growth, yield and oil constituents of marjoram (Majorana hortensis L.). Forty five days old seedling were transplanted in soil treated with 15 and 30% aqueous extracts of compost and/or biofertilizers (mixture of Azospirillum brasiliense, Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus polymyxa & B. circulans) in addition to the recommended nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) doses as control. Use of combined treatment of bio-fertilizers gave better results for all studied traits than those obtained from either nitrogen fixers (Azos. brasiliense, Azot. chroococcum & B. polymyxa) or (B. circulans) alone. The oil percentage and yield per plant for three cuttings was almost twofold higher on fresh weight basis as a result of aqueous extracts of compost at low level + bio-fertilizers compared with control, indicating that combinations of low input system of integrated nutrient management could be beneficial to obtain relatively good yields of essential oil. Oil composition using GC/MS revealed that marjoram belongs to the cis-sabinene hydrate/terpinene-4-ol chemo type. The chemical composition of marjoram essential oil did not change due to the fertilization type or level; rather the relative percentages of certain constituents were affected. The highest level of cis-sabinene hydrate (18.47%) and terpinene-4-ol (24.24%) was obtained with aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + B. circulans and aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + (A. brasiliense + A. chroococcum + B. polymerase), respectively. Other components showed different concentrations depending on treatment and level of compost.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Combined biofertilizers improved all studied traits versus either component alone.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)
Origanum majoranat0 - Treatment
- combined treatment of bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- all studied traitse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- nitrogen fixerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Use of combined treatment of bio-fertilizers gave better results for all studied traits than those obtained from either nitrogen fixers (Azos. brasiliense, Azot. chroococcum & B. polymyxa) or (B. circulans) alone”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low compost extract plus biofertilizers nearly doubled oil percentage versus control.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)Origanum majoranat0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracts of compost at low level + bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- oil percentagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- almost twofolde0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oil percentage and yield per plant for three cuttings was almost twofold higher on fresh weight basis as a result of aqueous extracts of compost at low level + bio-fertilizers compared with control”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low compost extract plus biofertilizers nearly doubled oil yield per plant versus control.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)Origanum majoranat0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracts of compost at low level + bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yield per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- almost twofolde0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oil percentage and yield per plant for three cuttings was almost twofold higher on fresh weight basis as a result of aqueous extracts of compost at low level + bio-fertilizers compared with control”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Marjoram oil belonged to the cis-sabinene hydrate/terpinene-4-ol chemotype.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“marjoram belongs to the cis-sabinene hydrate/terpinene-4-ol chemo type”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization type or level did not change the chemical composition of marjoram essential oil.
- Taxon
- marjorame0
- Treatment
- fertilization type or levele0
- Outcome
- chemical composition of marjoram essential oile0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The chemical composition of marjoram essential oil did not change due to the fertilization type or level”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative percentages of some oil constituents were affected by fertilization.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)Origanum majoranat0
- Treatment
- fertilization type or levele1
- Outcome
- relative percentages of certain constituentse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rather the relative percentages of certain constituents were affected”
e1“due to the fertilization type or level”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest cis-sabinene hydrate level was 18.47% with 30% compost extract plus B. circulans.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)Origanum majoranat0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + B. circulanse0
- Outcome
- level of cis-sabinene hydratee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 18.47%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest level of cis-sabinene hydrate (18.47%) and terpinene-4-ol (24.24%) was obtained with aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + B. circulans and aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + (A. brasiliense + A. chroococcum + B. polymerase), respectively”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest terpinene-4-ol level was 24.24% with 30% compost extract plus the named bacterial mixture.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)Origanum majoranat0
- Treatment
- aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + (A. brasiliense + A. chroococcum + B. polymerase)e0
- Outcome
- terpinene-4-ole0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 24.24%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest level of cis-sabinene hydrate (18.47%) and terpinene-4-ol (24.24%) was obtained with aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + B. circulans and aqueous extracts of compost at 30% + (A. brasiliense + A. chroococcum + B. polymerase), respectively”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
Claim · model-written summary
Other oil components varied with treatment and compost level.
- Taxon
- sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)Origanum majoranat0
- Treatment
- treatment and level of composte0
- Outcome
- different concentrationse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other components showed different concentrations depending on treatment and level of compost”
t0“sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis)”
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inoculation · yield · Origanum majorana (sweet marjoram)Results agree
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.