Abstract
The plant protection response of farmers in the Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh has been examined with particular reference to the adoption of Bt cotton varieties and IPM components. The farmers have been found to follow a wide range of practices to manage the insect pests in cotton. The use of chemical insecticides has accounted for, about 37 per cent of the total variable costs. No significant reduction in plant protection expenditure has been recorded on adoption of Bt varieties without IPM practices. The adoption of IPM practices, however, has led to reduced use of insecticides and increased profitability. The saving on plant protection chemicals has more than compensated the cost of adopting IPM components. Consequently, the net returns have been found increased considerably from cotton cultivation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers used a wide range of cotton insect-pest management practices.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Interactor
- insect pestse0pest
- Outcome
- a wide range of practices to manage the insect pestse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The farmers have been found to follow a wide range of practices to manage the insect pests in cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical insecticides represented about 37 per cent of total variable costs.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- total variable costse0
- Value
- 37 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of chemical insecticides has accounted for, about 37 per cent of the total variable costs.”
t0“Cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Adopting Bt varieties without IPM did not significantly reduce plant-protection expenditure.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Bt varietiese0
- Treatment
- adoption of Bt varieties without IPM practicese0
- Outcome
- plant protection expendituree0
- Direction
- No significant reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant reduction in plant protection expenditure has been recorded on adoption of Bt varieties without IPM practices.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
IPM adoption reduced insecticide use.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- adoption of IPM practicese0
- Outcome
- use of insecticidese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The adoption of IPM practices, however, has led to reduced use of insecticides and increased profitability.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
IPM adoption increased profitability.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- adoption of IPM practicese0
- Outcome
- profitabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The adoption of IPM practices, however, has led to reduced use of insecticides and increased profitability.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Savings on protection chemicals exceeded the cost of IPM components.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- saving on plant protection chemicalse0
- Direction
- more than compensatede0
- Comparator
- cost of adopting IPM componentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The saving on plant protection chemicals has more than compensated the cost of adopting IPM components.”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Net returns from cotton cultivation increased considerably.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increased considerablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the net returns have been found increased considerably from cotton cultivation.”
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See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.