Abstract
Although climate scenarios have predicted an increase in [CO(2)] and temperature conditions, to date few experiments have focused on the interaction of [CO(2)] and temperature effects in wheat development. Recent evidence suggests that photosynthetic acclimation is linked to the photorespiration and N assimilation inhibition of plants exposed to elevated CO(2). The main goal of this study was to analyze the effect of interacting [CO(2)] and temperature on leaf photorespiration, C/N metabolism and N transport in wheat plants exposed to elevated [CO(2)] and temperature conditions. For this purpose, wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle. Although at the agronomic level, elevated temperature had no effect on plant biomass, physiological analyses revealed that combined elevated [CO(2)] and temperature negatively affected photosynthetic performance. The limited energy levels resulting from the reduced respiratory and photorespiration rates of such plants were apparently inadequate to sustain nitrate reductase activity. Inhibited N assimilation was associated with a strong reduction in amino acid content, conditioned leaf soluble protein content and constrained leaf N status. Therefore, the plant response to elevated [CO(2)] and elevated temperature resulted in photosynthetic acclimation. The reduction in transpiration rates induced limitations in nutrient transport in leaves of plants exposed to elevated [CO(2)] and temperature, led to mineral depletion and therefore contributed to the inhibition of photosynthetic activity.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated temperature had no effect on wheat plant biomass compared with ambient temperature.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- elevated temperaturee1
- Outcome
- plant biomasse1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- ambiente2
- Setting
- CO(2) gradient greenhousese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“elevated temperature had no effect on plant biomass”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
t0“responsiveness of wheat to elevated [CO2] and temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined elevated CO2 and temperature negatively affected photosynthetic performance of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- elevated [CO(2)] and temperaturee1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic performancee1
- Direction
- negatively affectede1
- Comparator
- ambiente2
- Setting
- CO(2) gradient greenhousese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“combined elevated [CO(2)] and temperature negatively affected photosynthetic performance”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Limited energy levels from reduced respiratory and photorespiration rates were apparently inadequate to sustain nitrate reductase activity in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Gene
- nitrate reductasee1
- Outcome
- nitrate reductase activitye1
- Qualifier
- limited energy levels resulting from the reduced respiratory and photorespiration ratese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The limited energy levels resulting from the reduced respiratory and photorespiration rates of such plants were apparently inadequate to sustain nitrate reductase activity”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibited N assimilation was associated with a strong reduction in amino acid content of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- Inhibited N assimilatione1
- Outcome
- amino acid contente1
- Direction
- strong reductione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inhibited N assimilation was associated with a strong reduction in amino acid content”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibited N assimilation was associated with conditioned leaf soluble protein content in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Treatment
- Inhibited N assimilatione1
- Outcome
- leaf soluble protein contente2
- Direction
- conditionede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inhibited N assimilation was associated with a strong reduction in amino acid content”
e2“conditioned leaf soluble protein content and constrained leaf N status”
e3“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibited N assimilation was associated with constrained leaf N status in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Treatment
- Inhibited N assimilatione1
- Outcome
- leaf N statuse2
- Direction
- constrainede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inhibited N assimilation was associated with a strong reduction in amino acid content”
e2“conditioned leaf soluble protein content and constrained leaf N status”
e3“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced transpiration rates limited nutrient transport and contributed to inhibition of photosynthetic activity in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- inhibition of photosynthetic activitye1
- Qualifier
- reduction in transpiration rates induced limitations in nutrient transporte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The reduction in transpiration rates induced limitations in nutrient transport in leaves of plants exposed to elevated [CO(2)] and temperature, led to mineral depletion and therefore contributed to the inhibition of photosynthetic activity”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 and elevated temperature resulted in photosynthetic acclimation of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- elevated [CO(2)] and elevated temperaturee1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic acclimatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the plant response to elevated [CO(2)] and elevated temperature resulted in photosynthetic acclimation”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Respiratory and photorespiration rates were reduced in wheat exposed to elevated CO2 and temperature.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Outcome
- respiratory and photorespiration ratese1
- Direction
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The limited energy levels resulting from the reduced respiratory and photorespiration rates of such plants were apparently inadequate to sustain nitrate reductase activity”
e2“wheat plants were exposed to elevated [CO(2)] (400 vs 700 µmol mol(-1)) and temperature (ambient vs ambient + 4°C) in CO(2) gradient greenhouses during the entire life cycle”
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