Abstract
The influence of a supplementary bradyrhizobial inoculation after an initial seed slurry inoculation with the same strain on nodulation and N(2) fixation in soybeans was examined in the greenhouse. The plants were grown in a Typic Eutrocrepts soil: sand mixture containing 25, 65, or 83 mg of N per kg (i.e., native soil N plus N-labeled ammonium sulfate). Harvests were made at early flowering and physiological maturity. The supplementary inoculations which were made 14 or 21 days after planting (DAP) caused formation of substantially more nodules than the single slurry inoculation did. Autoregulation was therefore not completely successful in preventing subsequent infections. For the slurry-inoculated plants, at both harvests the proportion of N derived from fixation was greatest in the soil containing the least N, and only slight increases in N(2) fixation resulted from a second inoculation. The inhibition of N(2) fixation at the higher N levels was significantly reduced by a second inoculation at 21 DAP; this treatment resulted in at least a doubling of both the percentage and total amount of N(2) fixed by the single slurry inoculation at physiological maturity. The N(2) fixation increases resulting from the supplementary inoculation at 14 DAP were less pronounced and not significant. Greater N(2) fixation was frequently not reflected by increased total N or dry matter yield, suggesting that the major benefit of the increased fixation was a decreased dependence of plants on soil N for growth.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Supplementary inoculations at 14 or 21 DAP formed substantially more nodules than a single slurry inoculation.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- supplementary inoculationse2
- Interactor
- bradyrhizobiale1symbiont
- Outcome
- nodulese2
- Direction
- substantially moree2
- Comparator
- single slurry inoculatione2
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e1“The influence of a supplementary bradyrhizobial inoculation after an initial seed slurry inoculation with the same strain on nodulation and N(2) fixation in soybeans was examined in the greenhouse”
e2“The supplementary inoculations which were made 14 or 21 days after planting (DAP) caused formation of substantially more nodules than the single slurry inoculation did”
Claim · model-written summary
Autoregulation was not completely successful in preventing subsequent infections, the authors suggest.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- subsequent infectionse3
- Qualifier
- Autoregulation was therefore not completely successfule3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e3“Autoregulation was therefore not completely successful in preventing subsequent infections”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of N derived from fixation was greatest in the soil containing the least N.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- soil containing the least Ne4
- Outcome
- the proportion of N derived from fixatione4
- Direction
- greateste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e4“For the slurry-inoculated plants, at both harvests the proportion of N derived from fixation was greatest in the soil containing the least N, and only slight increases in N(2) fixation resulted from a second inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
A second inoculation in slurry-inoculated plants gave only slight increases in N(2) fixation.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- second inoculatione4
- Outcome
- N(2) fixatione4
- Direction
- only slight increasese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e4“For the slurry-inoculated plants, at both harvests the proportion of N derived from fixation was greatest in the soil containing the least N, and only slight increases in N(2) fixation resulted from a second inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
A second inoculation at 21 DAP significantly reduced the inhibition of N(2) fixation at higher N levels.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- a second inoculation at 21 DAPe5
- Outcome
- inhibition of N(2) fixatione5
- Direction
- significantly reducede5
- Qualifier
- at the higher N levelse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e5“The inhibition of N(2) fixation at the higher N levels was significantly reduced by a second inoculation at 21 DAP”
Claim · model-written summary
A second inoculation at 21 DAP at least doubled the percentage and total amount of N(2) fixed compared with the single slurry inoculation at maturity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- a second inoculation at 21 DAPe5
- Outcome
- percentage and total amount of N(2) fixede6
- Direction
- at least a doublinge6
- Comparator
- single slurry inoculatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e5“The inhibition of N(2) fixation at the higher N levels was significantly reduced by a second inoculation at 21 DAP”
e6“this treatment resulted in at least a doubling of both the percentage and total amount of N(2) fixed by the single slurry inoculation at physiological maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplementary inoculation at 14 DAP gave N(2) fixation increases that were less pronounced and not significant.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- supplementary inoculation at 14 DAPe7
- Outcome
- N(2) fixation increasese7
- Direction
- less pronouncede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e7“The N(2) fixation increases resulting from the supplementary inoculation at 14 DAP were less pronounced and not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater N(2) fixation was frequently not reflected by increased total N or dry matter yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Greater N(2) fixatione7
- Outcome
- total N or dry matter yielde7
- Direction
- not reflectede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e7“Greater N(2) fixation was frequently not reflected by increased total N or dry matter yield, suggesting that the major benefit of the increased fixation was a decreased dependence of plants on soil N for growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased N(2) fixation decreased soybean dependence on soil N for growth, the authors suggest.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- increased fixatione7
- Outcome
- dependence of plants on soil N for growthe7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) at Three Levels of Soil Nitrogen”
e7“Greater N(2) fixation was frequently not reflected by increased total N or dry matter yield, suggesting that the major benefit of the increased fixation was a decreased dependence of plants on soil N for growth”
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