Abstract
The effects of Cr and Co supplied either individually or mixed together in the nutrient solution on seed germination, enzyme activities, photosynthesis, metabolic products, and yield were investigated. Cr and Co reduced germination percentage only at the highest concentration used but markedly decreased radicle growth which might be attributed to depressive effect of Cr and Co on the activity of amylases and subsequent transport of sugars to the embryo axes. Protease activity, on the other hand, increased with the metal treatment. The highest concentration (10-2 M) tested of both metals was harmful on plant growth, while the low and moderate concentrations (10-6 and 10-4 M) enhanced the contents of chlorophylls and sugars, and activity of Hill reaction. Fresh mass of the produced pods increased at low and moderate concentrations of Cr and at Cr+Co treatment, but decreased in plants treated with Co.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cr and Co reduced germination percentage only at the highest concentration.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus Vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Cr and Coe0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- only at the highest concentration usede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr and Co reduced germination percentage only at the highest concentration used”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Cr and Co markedly decreased radicle growth.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cr and Coe0
- Outcome
- radicle growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr and Co reduced germination percentage only at the highest concentration used but markedly decreased radicle growth”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute depressed radicle growth to amylase activity and sugar transport effects.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Gene
- amylasese0
- Outcome
- radicle growthe1
- Qualifier
- subsequent transport of sugars to the embryo axese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which might be attributed to depressive effect of Cr and Co on the activity of amylases and subsequent transport of sugars to the embryo axes”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
e1“markedly decreased radicle growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal treatment increased protease activity.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- metal treatmente0
- Outcome
- Protease activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protease activity, on the other hand, increased with the metal treatment.”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest concentration of both metals harmed plant growth.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- highest concentration (10-2 M)e0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- harmfule0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest concentration (10-2 M) tested of both metals was harmful on plant growth”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Low and moderate metal concentrations increased chlorophyll and sugar contents.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- low and moderate concentrations (10-6 and 10-4 M)e0
- Outcome
- contents of chlorophylls and sugarse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the low and moderate concentrations (10-6 and 10-4 M) enhanced the contents of chlorophylls and sugars”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Low and moderate metal concentrations enhanced Hill reaction activity.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- low and moderate concentrations (10-6 and 10-4 M)e0
- Outcome
- activity of Hill reactione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the low and moderate concentrations (10-6 and 10-4 M) enhanced the contents of chlorophylls and sugars, and activity of Hill reaction”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Low and moderate Cr concentrations increased fresh pod mass.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- low and moderate concentrations of Cre0
- Outcome
- Fresh mass of the produced podse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh mass of the produced pods increased at low and moderate concentrations of Cr”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Cr+Co treatment increased fresh pod mass.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cr+Co treatmente0
- Outcome
- Fresh mass of the produced podse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh mass of the produced pods increased at low and moderate concentrations of Cr and at Cr+Co treatment”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Co treatment decreased fresh pod mass.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus VulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Coe0
- Outcome
- Fresh mass of the produced podse1
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but decreased in plants treated with Co”
t0“Phaseolus Vulgaris”
e1“Fresh mass of the produced pods”
The same questions in other papers
chromium atom · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →cobalt atom · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.