Abstract
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT: The study was conducted to compare the effects of different biological insecticides: extracts of Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus globulus, and Spinosad on spider’s population in a rice field at an agricultural farm in tehsil Daska of district Sialkot-51310, Pakistan. Spiders, as natural enemies play an important role in keeping pest population under control by not only feeding on pests but also limiting the availability of habitats open to pests by occupying various microhabitats in an agricultural ecosystem. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Biological insecticides including two botanical (extracts of Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus globulus) and one microbial (Spinosad) were applied to the rice crop. The spider’s population was counted after one, three and seven days from insecticide application. After one day from insecticide application, the reduction in spider’s population was 42.18%, 36.68 % and 33.38% with Spinosad, A. indica (20 % conc.) and E. globolus (20 % conc.) respectively. The trend of reduction of spider’s population decreased with time from one to seven days. Spider’s population showed significantly higher resistance to botanical than microbial insecticide.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad reduced spider population by 42.18% after one day.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- Spinosade0
- Interactor
- spidere0other
- Outcome
- spider’s populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 42.18%e0
- Qualifier
- After one daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After one day from insecticide application, the reduction in spider’s population was 42.18%, 36.68 % and 33.38% with Spinosad, A. indica (20 % conc.) and E. globolus (20 % conc.) respectively”
e1“rice field”
Claim · model-written summary
A. indica at 20% concentration reduced spider population by 36.68% after one day.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- A. indica (20 % conc.)e0
- Interactor
- spidere0other
- Outcome
- spider’s populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 36.68 %e0
- Qualifier
- After one daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After one day from insecticide application, the reduction in spider’s population was 42.18%, 36.68 % and 33.38% with Spinosad, A. indica (20 % conc.) and E. globolus (20 % conc.) respectively”
e1“rice field”
Claim · model-written summary
E. globolus at 20% concentration reduced spider population by 33.38% after one day.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- E. globolus (20 % conc.)e0
- Interactor
- spidere0other
- Outcome
- spider’s populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 33.38%e0
- Qualifier
- After one daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After one day from insecticide application, the reduction in spider’s population was 42.18%, 36.68 % and 33.38% with Spinosad, A. indica (20 % conc.) and E. globolus (20 % conc.) respectively”
e1“rice field”
Claim · model-written summary
Spider population reduction waned between one and seven days.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Interactor
- spidere0other
- Outcome
- reduction of spider’s populatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- one to seven dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The trend of reduction of spider’s population decreased with time from one to seven days”
e1“rice field”
Claim · model-written summary
Spiders were significantly more resistant to botanical than microbial insecticide.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- botanicale0
- Interactor
- Spidere0other
- Outcome
- Spider’s populatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- microbial insecticidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spider’s population showed significantly higher resistance to botanical than microbial insecticide”
e1“rice field”
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spinosad · pest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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See all 20 papers →botanical · pest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 86 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.