Abstract
The constant supply of broccoli heads for a vegetable market can be kept by the differentiation of sowing time and the age of seedlings. Dark-chilling of young seedlings can also modify the time of transplanting, subsequent plant development, yield and inflorescence quality. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of seedling dark-chilling on the inflorescence initiation and the morphological quality of broccoli heads. The experiment was carried out at the University of Agriculture in Krakow (South Poland) in the years 2009 and 2010, with broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) medium late cultivar ‘Monaco’ F1. The examined factors were the age of seedlings (4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-week-old) and dark-chilling (2°C/2 weeks and non-chilled control). Microscopic analysis of the apex sections was performed to determine the time of the inflorescence differentiation in chilled and non-chilled seedlings of different age. Chosen morphological features of the mature heads were also described as depended on age and chilling of seedlings. The inflorescence initiation was observed between 4 and 6 week of the plant ontogeny. Especially 4-week-old seedlings, chilled by two weeks, were more advanced in the generative development in comparison to non-chilled control. Low temperature applied in the seedling stage did not cause the head buttoning. Inflorescences developed by broccoli planted from 4 and 6-week-old seedlings, both chilled and control, were characterized by the best visual quality, determined by a convex head shape, tight branching angle, small and uniform size and regular form of flower buds. Chilling of oldest, 8- and 10-week-old seedlings negatively affected the inflorescence quality, through planed and spread shape of heads and non-uniform shape of flower buds.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Broccoli inflorescence initiation occurred between weeks four and six.
- Taxon
- Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Outcome
- inflorescence initiatione0
- Value
- between 4 and 6 weeke0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inflorescence initiation was observed between 4 and 6 week of the plant ontogeny”
t0“Broccoli Inflorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilled four-week seedlings were more advanced in generative development than non-chilled controls.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- 4-week-old seedlingse0
- Treatment
- chilled by two weekse0
- Outcome
- generative developmente0
- Direction
- more advancede0
- Comparator
- non-chilled controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4-week-old seedlings, chilled by two weeks, were more advanced in the generative development in comparison to non-chilled control”
t0“Broccoli Inflorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature at seedling stage did not cause broccoli head buttoning.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- head buttoninge0
- Direction
- did not causee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low temperature applied in the seedling stage did not cause the head buttoning”
t0“Broccoli Inflorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Heads from four- and six-week seedlings had the best visual quality regardless of chilling.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Material
- 4 and 6-week-old seedlingse0
- Outcome
- visual qualitye0
- Direction
- beste0
- Qualifier
- both chilled and controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inflorescences developed by broccoli planted from 4 and 6-week-old seedlings, both chilled and control, were characterized by the best visual quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling eight- and ten-week seedlings reduced broccoli inflorescence quality.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Organ / stage
- 8- and 10-week-old seedlingse0
- Treatment
- Chillinge0
- Outcome
- inflorescence qualitye0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chilling of oldest, 8- and 10-week-old seedlings negatively affected the inflorescence quality”
t0“Broccoli Inflorescence”
The same questions in other papers
cold · quality: general · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.