Abstract
Field investigation was carried out on effect of synthetic insecticides, bio-pesticides/bio-agents, botanicals and their combinations, cartap hydrochloride 4 G @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha, Beauveria bassiana @ 2.5 kg/ha, bacillus thuringiensis @ 1.5 kg/ha, imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.05%, Trichogramma japonicum @ 1,00,000 eggs/ha, neem gold @ 5 ml/l and neem gold @ 3 ml/l + T. japonicum @ 75,000 eggs/ha on yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas, rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and its predators namely spiders during kharif 2005. The synthetic insecticides, e.g. cartap hydrochloride 4 G and imidacloprid 17.8 SL resulted in minimum incidence of yellow stem borer and leaf folder but the adversely affected to the spider's fauna. Bio-pesticides e.g. B. thuringiensis and B. bassiana gave next most effective control against both the pests. However, bio-pesticides were found significantly superior over synthetic insecticides in conserving the spider population. Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicals proved effective against both pests and also conserved spider population. The maximum cost: benefit ratio of 1: 10.13 with imidacloprid 17.8 SL and minimum of 1:1.90 with B. thuringiensis were recorded.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
In Basmati rice, cartap hydrochloride 4 G and imidacloprid 17.8 SL gave the minimum incidence of yellow stem borer and leaf folder.
- Taxon
- Basmati ricet0
- Treatment
- cartap hydrochloride 4 G and imidacloprid 17.8 SLe0
- Interactor
- yellow stem borere0pest
- Second interactor
- leaf foldere0pest
- Outcome
- incidence of yellow stem borer and leaf foldere0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The synthetic insecticides, e.g. cartap hydrochloride 4 G and imidacloprid 17.8 SL resulted in minimum incidence of yellow stem borer and leaf folder”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The synthetic insecticides cartap hydrochloride and imidacloprid adversely affected the spider fauna in Basmati rice.
- Taxon
- Basmati ricet0
- Treatment
- synthetic insecticidese0
- Interactor
- spidere0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- spider's faunae0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The synthetic insecticides, e.g. cartap hydrochloride 4 G and imidacloprid 17.8 SL resulted in minimum incidence of yellow stem borer and leaf folder but the adversely affected to the spider's fauna”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus thuringiensis and Beauveria bassiana bio-pesticides gave the next most effective control of both pests in Basmati rice.
- Taxon
- Basmati ricet0
- Treatment
- B. thuringiensis and B. bassianae0
- Interactor
- pestse0pest
- Outcome
- control against both the pestse0
- Direction
- next most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Bio-pesticides e.g. B. thuringiensis and B. bassiana gave next most effective control against both the pests”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio-pesticides were significantly superior to synthetic insecticides in conserving the spider population in Basmati rice.
Verbatim
e0“bio-pesticides were found significantly superior over synthetic insecticides in conserving the spider population”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicals was effective against both pests in Basmati rice.
- Taxon
- Basmati ricet0
- Treatment
- Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicalse0
- Interactor
- pestse0pest
- Second interactor
- Trichogramma japonicumTrichogramma japonicume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- against both pestse0
- Direction
- effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicals proved effective against both pests and also conserved spider population”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicals also conserved the spider population in Basmati rice.
- Taxon
- Basmati ricet0
- Treatment
- Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicalse0
- Interactor
- spidere0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- spider populatione0
- Direction
- conservede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Release of Trichogramma japonicum with botanicals proved effective against both pests and also conserved spider population”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum cost:benefit ratio, 1:10.13, was recorded with imidacloprid 17.8 SL.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum cost: benefit ratio of 1: 10.13 with imidacloprid 17.8 SL and minimum of 1:1.90 with B. thuringiensis were recorded”
t0“Basmati rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum cost:benefit ratio, 1:1.90, was recorded with B. thuringiensis.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum cost: benefit ratio of 1: 10.13 with imidacloprid 17.8 SL and minimum of 1:1.90 with B. thuringiensis were recorded”
t0“Basmati rice”
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