Abstract
Red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) is one of the important forage crops in most temperate agricultural regions. Red clover germplasm has limited genetic variation for disease resistance. Application of an efficient gene transformation protocol to introduce genes against diseases is considered the only approach for developing new resistant cultivars. In this study, in order to establish an efficient regeneration system in red clover, highly regenerative genotypes were utilized for evaluation of different media sequences for their suitability to utilize potentiality of regeneration capacity. Media sequence KBC-SPL-SPL significantly increased the efficiency of somatic embryo genesis of red clover. There was no relationship between regeneration ability and fresh callus weight. Also, no interaction was observed between genotypes and media sequences for fresh callus weight, number of embryos and number of developed shoots. To develop an efficient gene transfer system, some parameters were investigated, including evaluation of suitable concentration of selection agent, examination of the effect of pre-culturing of explants on efficiency of transformation and comparison of different Agrobacterium strains for efficiency of gene transformation. The effect of pre-culturing explants was increased slightly by the frequency of gene transferring. Highly infective Agrobacterium strain C58C1 can increase the transformation efficiency for red clover to 83%. PCR and histochemical GUS assay of transformed plants confirmed successful integration of the T-DNA into the red clover genome. Our established system will be a platform for genetic manipulation of red clover to broaden its genetic variation and for germplasm innovation.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
KBC-SPL-SPL significantly increased red clover somatic embryogenesis efficiency.
- Taxon
- red clover
Trifolium pratensee0 - Treatment
- Media sequence KBC-SPL-SPLe0
- Outcome
- efficiency of somatic embryo genesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Media sequence KBC-SPL-SPL significantly increased the efficiency of somatic embryo genesis of red clover.”
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover regeneration ability had no relationship with fresh callus weight.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Organ / stage
- fresh calluse0
- Outcome
- regeneration abilitye0
- Direction
- no relationshipe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“red clover”
e0“There was no relationship between regeneration ability and fresh callus weight.”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype and media sequence showed no interaction for fresh callus weight, embryo number or shoot number.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Treatment
- media sequencese0
- Outcome
- fresh callus weight, number of embryos and number of developed shootse0
- Direction
- no interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“red clover”
e0“no interaction was observed between genotypes and media sequences for fresh callus weight, number of embryos and number of developed shoots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-culturing explants slightly increased gene transfer frequency.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- pre-culturing explantse0
- Outcome
- frequency of gene transferringe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“red clover”
e0“The effect of pre-culturing explants was increased slightly by the frequency of gene transferring.”
Claim · model-written summary
Agrobacterium C58C1 raised red clover transformation efficiency to 83%.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee0
- Treatment
- Agrobacterium strain C58C1e0
- Interactor
- Agrobacterium strain C58C1e0other
- Outcome
- transformation efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 83%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highly infective Agrobacterium strain C58C1 can increase the transformation efficiency for red clover to 83%.”
Claim · model-written summary
PCR and GUS assay confirmed T-DNA integration in transformed red clover.
- Taxon
- red cloverTrifolium pratensee0
- Outcome
- successful integration of the T-DNA into the red clover genomee0
- Qualifier
- PCR and histochemical GUS assaye0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PCR and histochemical GUS assay of transformed plants confirmed successful integration of the T-DNA into the red clover genome.”
The same questions in other papers
in vitro · growth · Trifolium pratense (red clover)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.