Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A risk of severe yield decrease in CSS could not be shown in the limited experiments.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Outcome: risk of severe yield decreasee4
Qualifier: in our limited experimentse4

Verbatim

e0
“such as timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–167

e4
“A risk of severe yield decrease in CSS could not be shown in our limited experiments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 907–991

Title

Evaluation of forage yield performance in advanced generations of a timothy “clone and strain synthesis” strain

Tsuneki Tanaka; Hiroyuki Tamaki; Kazunori Ashikaga; et al. Grassland Science 2013. doi:10.1111/grs.12032

Other claims from this paper (3)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield per plant declined with the decrease in fertile tiller numbers.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Material: S.48e0
Organ / stage: fertile tiller numberse6
Outcome: Seed yield per plante6
Direction: declinede6

Verbatim

e0
“spaced plants of S.48 timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 39–68

e6
“Seed yield per plant declined with the decrease in fertile tiller numbers, but after the early cuts some compensation by production of slightly more seed per ear was recorded”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 768–942

Title

THE EFFECT OF TIME OF CUTTING ON EAR PRODUCTION AND SEED YIELD IN S.48 TIMOTHY

R. H. M. Langer Grass and Forage Science 1957. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1957.tb00097.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association Plant and unit tiller weight increased throughout the season in the herbage removed at each cut.
Association The number of tillers declined, especially before shooting began.
Intervention effect Cutting up to 5 May did not affect the date of ear emergence.
Intervention effect Plants cut on 19 May had a slightly delayed date of ear emergence.
Intervention effect Plants treated subsequently flowered much later.
Observation The interval following defoliation before flowering was fairly constant.
Intervention effect Cutting on and after 7 April depressed fertile tiller formation with increasing severity.
Observation Only vegetative tillers appeared in the recovery growth after treatment at the beginning of August.
Association After the early cuts, seed per ear was slightly higher, a partial compensation for fewer fertile tillers.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield decreased slightly by 1.7% with the advance of generations (Syn2-4).

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Treatment: the advance of generationse2
Outcome: yielde2
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 1.7%e2

Verbatim

e0
“such as timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–167

e2
“a slight yield decrease (–1.7% for S yn2–4) with the advance of generations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–696

Title

Evaluation of forage yield performance in advanced generations of a timothy “clone and strain synthesis” strain

Tsuneki Tanaka; Hiroyuki Tamaki; Kazunori Ashikaga; et al. Grassland Science 2013. doi:10.1111/grs.12032

Other claims from this paper (3)

Mechanismauthor interpretationreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Decreased metabolic fraction lowers nutritive value as yield rises.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Outcome: nutritive value of timothye0
Qualifier: decrease in the proportion of the metabolic componente0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in the proportion of the metabolic component with increasing forage yield reduces the nutritive value of timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 833–958

Title

Improving the nutritive value of timothy through management and breeding

G. Bélanger; R. Michaud; P. G. Jefferson; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2001. doi:10.4141/p00-143

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

timothy droughted forage yield was 34% of control.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Treatment: droughtede0
Outcome: forage yieldse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: 34e0
Comparator: controlse0

Verbatim

e0
“forage yields of droughted reed canarygrass, orchardgrass, smooth bromegrass, and timothy were 33, 37, 24, and 34%, respectively, of the controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 709–854

Title

Drought Effects on Yield and Quality of Perennial Grasses in the North Central United States

C. C. Sheaffer; P. R. Peterson; M. H. Hall; et al. jpa 1992. doi:10.2134/jpa1996.0556

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect reed canarygrass droughted forage yield was 33% of control.
Intervention effect orchardgrass droughted forage yield was 37% of control.
Intervention effect smooth bromegrass droughted forage yield was 24% of control.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded similarly to orchardgrass.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded more than timothy and smooth bromegrass.
Intervention effect Reed canarygrass seasonal yield after drought was 54% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Orchardgrass seasonal yield after drought was 60% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Smooth bromegrass seasonal yield after drought was 81% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Timothy seasonal yield after drought was 62% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Drought increased leafiness in reed canarygrass, smooth bromegrass and timothy.
Intervention effect Drought increased crude protein in leaves, stems and whole forage of all species.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in reed canarygrass and smooth bromegrass at all harvests.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in orchardgrass and timothy at two of three harvests.
Association Increased leafiness and stem and leaf quality were associated with improved forage quality.
Intervention effect Drought reduced reed canarygrass and timothy persistence.
Intervention effect Drought had no effect on smooth bromegrass and orchardgrass persistence.
Observation Smooth bromegrass was the most persistent grass.
Observation Orchardgrass was the least persistent grass.
Observation The authors interpret reed canarygrass as among the most productive grasses in drought.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultprojected

Claim · model-written summary

Neutral detergent fibre digestibility was projected to decrease by 5 g kg-1 NDF.

Taxon: TimothyPhleum pratenset0
Treatment: three-harvest systeme0
Outcome: digestibilitye0
Direction: Decreasese0
Value: -5 g kg-1 NDFe0
Comparator: two-harvest systeme1

Verbatim

e0
“Decreases in average neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentration (-19 g kg-1 DM) and digestibility (dNDF, -5 g kg-1 NDF) are also expected with the three-harvest system under future conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1456–1648

t0
“Timothy yield and nutritive value with a three-harvest system under the projected future climate in Canada”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–106

e1
“Under future climate scenarios (2040-2069), the additional harvest and the resulting three-harvest system are expected to increase annual DM yield (+0.46 to +2.47 Mg DM ha-1) compared with a two-harvest system across Canada”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 890–1113

Title

Timothy yield and nutritive value with a three-harvest system under the projected future climate in Canada

Qi Jing; Gilles Bélanger; Budong Qian; et al. BioOne Complete (BioOne) 2014. doi:10.1139/cjps2013-279

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect A third harvest was projected to raise annual timothy dry matter yield by 0.46 to 2.47 Mg DM ha-1.
Intervention effect Projected yield gain was greater in eastern Canada at 1.88 Mg DM ha-1.
Intervention effect Projected yield gain was greater in Agassiz at 2.02 Mg DM ha-1.
Intervention effect First harvest dry matter yield was projected lower with three harvests.
Intervention effect Second harvest dry matter yield was projected greater with three harvests.
Intervention effect Neutral detergent fibre concentration was projected to decrease by 19 g kg-1 DM.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Crude protein declined fastest at pasture stage, by 1 percentage unit daily.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratenset0
Organ / stage: pasture stagee0
Outcome: crude protein contente0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 1 percentage unit per daye0

Verbatim

e0
“The fastest decrease, 1 percentage unit per day, in crude protein content was measured at the pasture stage (45-leaf stage).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 824–949

t0
“timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 44–51

Title

Development of yield and nutritive value of timothy in primary growth and regrowth in northern growing conditions

O. NISSINEN; P. KALLIAINEN; L. JAUHIAINEN Agricultural and Food Science 2008. doi:10.2137/145960610792912602

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultprojected

Claim · model-written summary

Neutral detergent fibre concentration was projected to decrease by 19 g kg-1 DM.

Taxon: TimothyPhleum pratenset0
Treatment: three-harvest systeme0
Outcome: neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentratione0
Direction: Decreasese0
Value: -19 g kg-1 DMe0
Comparator: two-harvest systeme1

Verbatim

e0
“Decreases in average neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentration (-19 g kg-1 DM) and digestibility (dNDF, -5 g kg-1 NDF) are also expected with the three-harvest system under future conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1456–1648

t0
“Timothy yield and nutritive value with a three-harvest system under the projected future climate in Canada”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–106

e1
“Under future climate scenarios (2040-2069), the additional harvest and the resulting three-harvest system are expected to increase annual DM yield (+0.46 to +2.47 Mg DM ha-1) compared with a two-harvest system across Canada”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 890–1113

Title

Timothy yield and nutritive value with a three-harvest system under the projected future climate in Canada

Qi Jing; Gilles Bélanger; Budong Qian; et al. BioOne Complete (BioOne) 2014. doi:10.1139/cjps2013-279

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect A third harvest was projected to raise annual timothy dry matter yield by 0.46 to 2.47 Mg DM ha-1.
Intervention effect Projected yield gain was greater in eastern Canada at 1.88 Mg DM ha-1.
Intervention effect Projected yield gain was greater in Agassiz at 2.02 Mg DM ha-1.
Intervention effect First harvest dry matter yield was projected lower with three harvests.
Intervention effect Second harvest dry matter yield was projected greater with three harvests.
Intervention effect Neutral detergent fibre digestibility was projected to decrease by 5 g kg-1 NDF.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultprojected

Claim · model-written summary

Future climate decreases second-harvest NDF concentration by 3 g per kg dry matter.

Taxon: TimothyPhleum pratenset0
Treatment: projected future (2040–2069) climate scenariose1
Outcome: neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentratione2
Direction: decreasee0
Value: –3 g kg –1 DMe0
Comparator: baseline (1961–1990)e1

Verbatim

e0
“a small decrease (–3 g kg –1 DM; +7 to –30 g kg –1 DM) at second harvest”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 990–1062

t0
“Timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–7

e1
“baseline (1961–1990) and projected future (2040–2069) climate scenarios”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 226–297

e2
“neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration at first harvest”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 885–945

Title

Timothy Yield and Nutritive Value under Climate Change in Canada

Qi Jing; Gilles Bélanger; Budong Qian; et al. Agronomy Journal 2013. doi:10.2134/agronj2013.0195

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Future climate advances timothy growth onset by 21 days on average.
Intervention effect Future climate advances first harvest by 15 days.
Intervention effect Future climate advances second harvest by 20 days.
Intervention effect Future climate delays growing-season end by 12 days.
Intervention effect Future climate increases first-harvest dry matter yield by 355 kg per hectare.
Intervention effect Future climate decreases second-harvest dry matter yield by 427 kg per hectare.
Intervention effect Future climate increases first-harvest NDF concentration by 22 g per kg dry matter.
Intervention effect Future climate decreases first-harvest NDF digestibility by 6 g per kg NDF.
Intervention effect Future climate decreases second-harvest NDF digestibility by 23 g per kg NDF.
Association Longer growing seasons are expected to permit an additional harvest by 2040 to 2069.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Timothy seasonal yield after drought was 62% of irrigated controls.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Treatment: periods of drought followed by well‐watered conditionse0
Outcome: Total season yieldse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: 62%e0
Comparator: irrigated controlse0

Verbatim

e0
“Total season yields of reed canarygrass, orchardgrass, smooth bromegrass, and timothy exposed to periods of drought followed by well‐watered conditions were 54, 60, 81, and 62%, respectively, of the irrigated controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1206

Title

Drought Effects on Yield and Quality of Perennial Grasses in the North Central United States

C. C. Sheaffer; P. R. Peterson; M. H. Hall; et al. jpa 1992. doi:10.2134/jpa1996.0556

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect reed canarygrass droughted forage yield was 33% of control.
Intervention effect orchardgrass droughted forage yield was 37% of control.
Intervention effect smooth bromegrass droughted forage yield was 24% of control.
Intervention effect timothy droughted forage yield was 34% of control.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded similarly to orchardgrass.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded more than timothy and smooth bromegrass.
Intervention effect Reed canarygrass seasonal yield after drought was 54% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Orchardgrass seasonal yield after drought was 60% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Smooth bromegrass seasonal yield after drought was 81% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Drought increased leafiness in reed canarygrass, smooth bromegrass and timothy.
Intervention effect Drought increased crude protein in leaves, stems and whole forage of all species.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in reed canarygrass and smooth bromegrass at all harvests.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in orchardgrass and timothy at two of three harvests.
Association Increased leafiness and stem and leaf quality were associated with improved forage quality.
Intervention effect Drought reduced reed canarygrass and timothy persistence.
Intervention effect Drought had no effect on smooth bromegrass and orchardgrass persistence.
Observation Smooth bromegrass was the most persistent grass.
Observation Orchardgrass was the least persistent grass.
Observation The authors interpret reed canarygrass as among the most productive grasses in drought.

“yield decrease”

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