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paper W4407954893 ✕

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shading intensity and under-canopy light heterogeneity jointly constrained intercropped soybean yield.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe7
Treatment
shading intensity and under-canopy light heterogeneitye7
Outcome
soybean yielde7
Direction
decreaseinferrede7

Verbatim

e7

“The shading intensity and under-canopy light heterogeneity jointly constrained the intercropped soybean yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1202–1311

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced APAR had a negative effect on soybean yield and its components, especially in Y4.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe6
Treatment
reduction in APARe6
Outcome
yield and its componentse6
Direction
negativee6
Setting
Y4e6

Verbatim

e6

“The reduction in APAR showed a negative effect on yield and its components of soybean, especially in Y4”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1097–1200

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The constraint of light on soybean yield was gradually strengthened with increasing tree age.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe7
Treatment
tree agee7
Outcome
soybean yielde7
Direction
increaseinferrede7

Verbatim

e7

“The shading intensity and under-canopy light heterogeneity jointly constrained the intercropped soybean yield; this effect was gradually strengthened with increasing tree age”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1202–1376

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yield in the Y6 system decreased by 22.6% compared with Y4.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Y6e5
Outcome
yieldse5
Direction
decreasede5
Value
22.6%e5
Comparator
Y4e5

Verbatim

e0

“In the apple/soybean intercropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–596
e5

“Compared to Y4, yields of Y6 and Y8 treatments decreased by 22.6% and 46.2%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1006–1081

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean yield in the Y8 system decreased by 46.2% compared with Y4.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Y8e5
Outcome
yieldse5
Direction
decreasede5
Value
46.2%e5
Comparator
Y4e5

Verbatim

e0

“In the apple/soybean intercropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–596
e5

“Compared to Y4, yields of Y6 and Y8 treatments decreased by 22.6% and 46.2%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1006–1081

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Different measures should be taken by tree age and soybean growth stage to reduce adverse effects of under-canopy light on soybean yield.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe2
Outcome
reduce the adverse effects of under-canopy light on soybean yielde2

Verbatim

e2

“Different measures should be taken according to different tree ages and soybean growth stages in intercropping systems to reduce the adverse effects of under-canopy light on soybean yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1378–1565

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In the 8-year-old apple system, APAR was split into two classes.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Y8e3
Outcome
APARe3
Value
two classese3

Verbatim

e0

“In the apple/soybean intercropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–596
e3

“The APAR was split into two classes in Y8”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–906

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In the 4-year-old apple system, spatial APAR heterogeneity was least, with APAR divided into three categories.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Y4e2
Outcome
spatial APAR heterogeneitye2
Direction
leaste2
Value
three categoriese2

Verbatim

e0

“In the apple/soybean intercropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–596
e2

“Y4, which had the least spatial APAR heterogeneity, was divided into three categories”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 778–863

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed number per plant and 100-seed weight of soybean decreased with increasing apple tree age.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe4
Treatment
tree agee4
Outcome
seed number per plant and 100-seed weighte4
Direction
decreasede4

Verbatim

e4

“The seed number per plant and 100-seed weight of soybean decreased with the increase in tree age”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 908–1004

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In the 6-year-old apple system, spatial heterogeneity of APAR was greatest, with APAR divided into five categories.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Y6e1
Outcome
spatial heterogeneity of accumulated photosynthetically active radiatione1
Direction
greateste1
Value
five categoriese1

Verbatim

e0

“In the apple/soybean intercropping system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–596
e1

“the spatial heterogeneity of accumulated photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) is greatest in Y6, with the APAR divided into five categories”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–743

Title

Accumulated Photosynthetically Active Radiation and Its Heterogeneity Collectively Decrease Soybean Yield in Apple-Based Intercropping Systems

Ruidong Peng; Huasen Xu; Huaxing Bi; et al. Agronomy 2025. doi:10.3390/agronomy15030581

Other claims from this paper (9)

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