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“yield decrease”

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paper W4289101983 ✕

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: all of the RF treatmentse5
Outcome: CH4 absorptione5
Direction: reducede5
Comparator: FPe5

Verbatim

e5
“Compared with FP, all of the RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions but reduced CH4 absorption”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1317–1430

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: all of the RF treatmentse5
Outcome: the flux of N2O and CO2 emissionse5
Direction: increasede5
Comparator: FPe5

Verbatim

e5
“Compared with FP, all of the RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions but reduced CH4 absorption”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1317–1430

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 40:40 cme6
Outcome: GWPe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 99.6%e6
Comparator: FPe6

Verbatim

e6
“Compared with FP, RF with ridge–furrow ratios of 40:40 cm, 40:60 cm, and 40:80 cm increased the GWP by 99.6%, 53.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, and increased the GHGI by 55.8%, 45.3%, and 0.7%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1432–1636

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 40:60 cme6
Outcome: GWPe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 53.4%e6
Comparator: FPe6

Verbatim

e6
“Compared with FP, RF with ridge–furrow ratios of 40:40 cm, 40:60 cm, and 40:80 cm increased the GWP by 99.6%, 53.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, and increased the GHGI by 55.8%, 45.3%, and 0.7%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1432–1636

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 40:80 cme6
Outcome: GWPe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 31.3%e6
Comparator: FPe6

Verbatim

e6
“Compared with FP, RF with ridge–furrow ratios of 40:40 cm, 40:60 cm, and 40:80 cm increased the GWP by 99.6%, 53.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, and increased the GHGI by 55.8%, 45.3%, and 0.7%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1432–1636

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 40:40 cme6
Outcome: GHGIe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 55.8%e6
Comparator: FPe6

Verbatim

e6
“Compared with FP, RF with ridge–furrow ratios of 40:40 cm, 40:60 cm, and 40:80 cm increased the GWP by 99.6%, 53.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, and increased the GHGI by 55.8%, 45.3%, and 0.7%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1432–1636

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 40:60 cme6
Outcome: GHGIe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 45.3%e6
Comparator: FPe6

Verbatim

e6
“Compared with FP, RF with ridge–furrow ratios of 40:40 cm, 40:60 cm, and 40:80 cm increased the GWP by 99.6%, 53.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, and increased the GHGI by 55.8%, 45.3%, and 0.7%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1432–1636

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 0.7% compared with FP.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 40:80 cme6
Outcome: GHGIe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 0.7%e6
Comparator: FPe6

Verbatim

e6
“Compared with FP, RF with ridge–furrow ratios of 40:40 cm, 40:60 cm, and 40:80 cm increased the GWP by 99.6%, 53.4%, and 31.3%, respectively, and increased the GHGI by 55.8%, 45.3%, and 0.7%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1432–1636

t0
“Increase Winter Wheat Yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–97

Title

Optimized Ridge–Furrow Ratio to Decrease Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Increase Winter Wheat Yield in Dry Semi-Humid Areas

Xiaoli Liu; Yandong Wang; Xiaolong Ren; et al. Agronomy 2022. doi:10.3390/agronomy12081815

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting raised furrow soil temperature compared with flat planting.
Intervention effect Ridge-furrow planting promoted soil moisture in the furrows during the vegetative period compared with flat planting.
Association Soil temperature of the furrows slightly increased with furrow width.
Association Soil moisture obviously decreased under the three RF practices.
Intervention effect In a wet year, FP significantly increased winter wheat yield by 43.6% compared with RF.
Intervention effect In a normal year, RF gave higher winter wheat yield than FP, the opposite of the wet year.
Intervention effect RF40 significantly increased yield by 13.9% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect RF80 significantly increased yield by 17.2% compared with RF60.
Intervention effect All RF treatments increased the flux of N2O and CO2 emissions compared with FP.
Intervention effect All RF treatments reduced CH4 absorption compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 99.6% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 53.4% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:80 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GWP by 31.3% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:40 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 55.8% compared with FP.
Intervention effect RF with 40:60 cm ridge-furrow ratio increased GHGI by 45.3% compared with FP.
Recommendation Conventional flat planting in wet years is recommended to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.
Recommendation A ridge-furrow ratio of 40:71 cm is recommended in normal years to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining winter wheat productivity.

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“yield decrease”

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