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“yield decrease”

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paper W2085275926 ✕

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necle0
Outcome: economic benefit and grain yielde0
Direction: maintainede0
Comparator: Neco managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Compared with Neco management, Necl increased net benefit by 12%, with a 31% decrease in total environmental costs and a 33% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use, and maintained economic benefit and grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1420–1645

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necl managemente0
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: maintainede0
Comparator: Nagr managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Necl management increased net benefit by 53% with a 46% decrease in total environmental costs, and a 51% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use (47, 65, and 38% for N2O emission, N leaching, and NH3 volatilization, respectively) and maintained grain yield, compared with Nagr management”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1418

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necle0
Outcome: total environmental costse0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 31%e0
Comparator: Neco managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Compared with Neco management, Necl increased net benefit by 12%, with a 31% decrease in total environmental costs and a 33% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use, and maintained economic benefit and grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1420–1645

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necle0
Outcome: Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer usee0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 33%e0
Comparator: Neco managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Compared with Neco management, Necl increased net benefit by 12%, with a 31% decrease in total environmental costs and a 33% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use, and maintained economic benefit and grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1420–1645

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necl managemente0
Outcome: N2O emissione0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 47e0
Comparator: Nagr managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Necl management increased net benefit by 53% with a 46% decrease in total environmental costs, and a 51% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use (47, 65, and 38% for N2O emission, N leaching, and NH3 volatilization, respectively) and maintained grain yield, compared with Nagr management”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1418

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necl managemente0
Outcome: N leachinge0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 65e0
Comparator: Nagr managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Necl management increased net benefit by 53% with a 46% decrease in total environmental costs, and a 51% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use (47, 65, and 38% for N2O emission, N leaching, and NH3 volatilization, respectively) and maintained grain yield, compared with Nagr management”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1418

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necl managemente0
Outcome: NH3 volatilizatione0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 38%e0
Comparator: Nagr managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Necl management increased net benefit by 53% with a 46% decrease in total environmental costs, and a 51% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use (47, 65, and 38% for N2O emission, N leaching, and NH3 volatilization, respectively) and maintained grain yield, compared with Nagr management”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1418

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necl managemente0
Outcome: total environmental costse0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 46%e0
Comparator: Nagr managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Necl management increased net benefit by 53% with a 46% decrease in total environmental costs, and a 51% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use (47, 65, and 38% for N2O emission, N leaching, and NH3 volatilization, respectively) and maintained grain yield, compared with Nagr management”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1418

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necle0
Outcome: Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer usee0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 51%e0
Comparator: Nagr managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Necl management increased net benefit by 53% with a 46% decrease in total environmental costs, and a 51% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use (47, 65, and 38% for N2O emission, N leaching, and NH3 volatilization, respectively) and maintained grain yield, compared with Nagr management”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1418

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 12% versus economic optimization.

Taxon: summer maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: Necle0
Outcome: net benefite0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 12%e0
Comparator: Neco managemente0

Verbatim

t0
“summer maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–54

e0
“Compared with Neco management, Necl increased net benefit by 12%, with a 31% decrease in total environmental costs and a 33% decrease in Nr loss intensity from N fertilizer use, and maintained economic benefit and grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1420–1645

Title

Determining the optimal nitrogen rate for summer maize in China by integrating agronomic, economic, and environmental aspects

G. L. Wang; Y. L. Ye; X. P. Chen; et al. Biogeosciences 2014. doi:10.5194/bg-11-3031-2014

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observation Agronomic, economic and ecological optimal nitrogen rates averaged 289, 237 and 171 kg N ha−1, respectively.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization increased net benefit by 53% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 46% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 51% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N2O emissions by 47% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased N leaching by 65% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased NH3 volatilization by 38% versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained grain yield versus agronomic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased environmental costs by 31% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization decreased Nr loss intensity by 33% versus economic optimization.
Intervention effect Ecological optimization maintained economic benefit and grain yield versus economic optimization.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate did not differ between soil types or years.
Observation Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate varied significantly among counties.
Association Ecologically optimal nitrogen rate increased with N-derived yield, with R2 of 0.83.

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“yield decrease”

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