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“yield decrease”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Defoliation did not significantly affect seed number per pod or thousand seed weight in B. campestris and B. juncea.

Taxon: B. campestris and B. junceaBrassica junceaBrassica rapa subsp. oleiferae0
Treatment: defoliatione0
Outcome: seed number per pod and thousand‐seed weighte0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“In B. campestris and B. juncea , a decrease in seed yield by defoliation was associated with a decrease in the number of pods per plant as seed number per pod and thousand‐seed weight were not significantly affected by this treatment.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 167–401

Title

Contribution of Leaf Photosynthesis towards Seed Yield in Brassica species

S. Ramana; M. C. Ghildiyal Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 1997. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037x.1997.tb00488.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Defoliation decreased seed yield in B. campestris.
Intervention effect Defoliation decreased seed yield in B. juncea.
Intervention effect Defoliation decreased pod number in B. campestris and B. juncea.
Intervention effect Defoliation decreased pod number in B. nigra.
Intervention effect Defoliation significantly decreased thousand seed weight in B. nigra.
Intervention effect Defoliation decreased pod number in B. carinata.
Intervention effect Defoliation significantly decreased seed number per pod and thousand seed weight in B. carinata.
Mechanism Leaf photosynthesis mainly contributed to pod formation in B. campestris and B. juncea.
Mechanism Leaf photosynthesis also contributed to seed development in B. nigra and B. carinata.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic products did not significantly increase marketable pepper yield.

Taxon: peppere1
Treatment: organic productse0
Interactor: pepper weevilAnthonomus eugeniie1pest
Outcome: marketable yielde0
Direction: did not increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“While the organic products did not increase marketable yield significantly, they did decrease overall damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1524–1632

e1
“The pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii Cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major pest of pepper (Capsicum spp.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–111

Title

Organic Treatments for Control of Pepper Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Karla M. Addesso; Philip A. Stansly; Barry C. Kostyk; et al. Florida Entomologist 2014. doi:10.1653/024.097.0322

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Neem did not reduce pepper weevil feeding or oviposition in laboratory tests.
Intervention effect Kaolin clay reduced pepper weevil feeding and oviposition in lab trials.
Intervention effect diatomaceous earth reduced pepper weevil feeding and oviposition in lab trials.
Intervention effect Requiem reduced pepper weevil feeding and oviposition in lab trials.
Intervention effect The standard pesticide rotation doubled pepper yield per plant versus untreated controls in spring.
Intervention effect Spring pepper yield under the standard treatment did not differ from kaolin clay and surround plots.
Intervention effect Organic products decreased overall pepper weevil damage.
Recommendation The authors recommend further IPM testing of diatomaceous earth combined with insecticides.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No clear relationship was found between fruit yield and soil temperature.

Taxon: Cucumis sativusCucumis sativust0
Treatment: soil temperaturee4
Outcome: fruit yielde4
Direction: no_changeinferrede4

Verbatim

t0
“cucumber Cucumis sativus L”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 11–37

e4
“Soil surface temperatures showed a general decrease with time, but there was no clear relationship between fruit yield and soil temperature”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 527–666

Title

Effects of cucumber Cucumis sativus L management methods on weed infestation and soil temperature in Swaziland 205

E. M. Ossom Tropical Agriculture 2016

Other claims from this paper (7)

Association Fruit yield was negatively correlated with weed infestation (r = -0.295).
Association Fruit yield was negatively correlated with disease score (r = -0.193).
Intervention effect The untrained crop had a higher disease incidence than the trained crop.
Intervention effect The untrained crop had lower weed infestation than the trained crop.
Observation Soil surface temperatures showed a general decrease with time.
Recommendation For better weed suppression, cucumber should not be trained or staked.
Recommendation For reduced disease infestation, cucumber should be trained.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium with optimal zinc and phosphorus did not significantly affect wheat grain yield.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: K application along with optimal Zn and P supplye1
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: without significantly affectinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“without significantly affecting grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1606–1649

e1
“K application along with optimal Zn and P supply to plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1422–1480

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 114–119

Title

Improved potassium nutrition retrieves phosphorus‐induced decrease in zinc uptake and grain zinc concentration of wheat

Asif Naeem; Muhammad Aslam; Asma Lodhi Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2018. doi:10.1002/jsfa.8961

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Optimal zinc, phosphorus and potassium each improved wheat growth parameters and grain yield relative to low supply.
Intervention effect Optimal zinc increased zinc concentration in wheat straw and grain.
Intervention effect Optimal zinc increased zinc uptake in wheat straw and grain.
Intervention effect Optimal phosphorus decreased zinc concentration in wheat straw.
Intervention effect Optimal phosphorus increased zinc uptake in wheat straw.
Intervention effect Combined optimal zinc and phosphorus decreased grain zinc concentration from 43 to 32 mg kg −1 versus optimal zinc alone.
Intervention effect Potassium increased remobilization of pre-anthesis straw zinc to grain by 50% under optimal phosphorus and zinc.
Intervention effect Potassium decreased straw zinc concentration under optimal phosphorus and zinc.
Intervention effect Potassium with optimal zinc and phosphorus restored grain zinc concentration lost from phosphorus application.
Intervention effect Potassium with optimal zinc and phosphorus increased grain zinc uptake from 891 to 1249 µg per pot.
Mechanism The authors attribute greater grain zinc concentration after potassium to post-anthesis zinc uptake and remobilization from straw.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In S. cypria, organic fertilization gave a yield similar to conventional fertilization.

Taxon: S. cypriaSideritis cypriae0
Treatment: organic fertilizatione0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: no_changeinferrede0
Comparator: conventional fertilizatione0

Verbatim

e0
“In S. cypria, organic fertilization resulted in a similar yield compared to conventional fertilization, while O. dubium showed a significant decrease in yield when using organic fertilizers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 644–833

Title

Foliar Application of Iron and Zinc Affected Aromatic Plants Grown Under Conventional and Organic Agriculture Differently

Nikolaos Tzortzakis; Efraimia Hajisolomou; Nikoletta Zaravelli; et al. Horticulturae 2025. doi:10.3390/horticulturae11080967

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect In O. dubium, organic fertilizers significantly decreased yield.
Association In S. cypria, dry matter content was related to the availability of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, under foliar Zn spraying.
Intervention effect Zn spraying decreased dry matter in O. dubium.
Intervention effect Conventional fertilization elevated total phenols content and antioxidant activity in S. cypria.
Intervention effect Foliar application of Fe elevated total phenols content and antioxidant activity in S. cypria.
Intervention effect Combined organic fertilization with foliar Fe and Zn reduced lipid peroxidation in S. cypria.
Intervention effect Foliar Fe and Zn reduced total phenols, antioxidant capacity and hydrogen peroxide content in O. dubium under adequate nutrition.
Intervention effect Foliar spraying with Zn tended to improve water use efficiency on both species.
Association Organic fertilization efficiency varied with the examined species in leaf chlorophyll content.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant weight of intercropped onion at 240 kg ha–1 nitrogen was not significantly decreased compared with monocropping.

Taxon: onionAllium cepae1
Treatment: 240 kg ha–1 nitrogen treatmente1
Outcome: plant weighte1
Direction: decreasee1
Comparator: monocroppinge1

Verbatim

e1
“There wasn’t significant decrease in plant weight of intercropped onion at 240 kg ha–1 nitrogen treatment when compared to monocropping”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1203

Title

EFFECTS OF INTERCROPPING SYSTEM AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON LAND EQUIVALENT RATIO, YIELD AND MINERAL CONTENT OF BROCCOLI

Ertan Yildirim; Büsra Cil; Melek Ekinci; et al. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 2020. doi:10.24326/asphc.2020.3.9

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Cropping system did not significantly affect chlorophyll reading value, yield and other parameters of broccoli.
Intervention effect Nitrogen application rate had a significant effect on chlorophyll reading value, yield and other parameters of broccoli; the size of the effect is not stated.
Intervention effect The highest chlorophyll reading value, yield and other parameters of broccoli were generally observed at 240 kg ha–1 nitrogen.
Intervention effect Cropping system did not affect the macro and microelement content of broccoli leaves.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization did not affect the macro and microelement content of broccoli leaves, except for N, Mn, Zn and NO3.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization affected the N, Mn, Zn and NO3 content of broccoli leaves.
Intervention effect Intercropping increased plant height of the intercropped plants.
Intervention effect Intercropping decreased the plant diameter of onion.
Intervention effect Broccoli intercropped with onion at 240 kg ha–1 nitrogen had the highest land equivalent ratio values.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Deep plowing had little effect on root yield of cabbage.

Taxon: cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatae1
Treatment: Deep plowinge1
Outcome: root yieldse1
Direction: little effecte1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Deep plowing tended to decrease root yields of sudangrass ( Sorghum sudanense ), sugarbeets, ( Beta vulgaris ), and soybeans ( Glycine max ) but had little effect on those of cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. ‘capitata’)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 441–660

Title

Profile Modification and Root Yield, Distribution, and Activity¹

Harold V. Eck; Ronald G. Davis Agronomy Journal 1971. doi:10.2134/agronj1971.00021962006300060034x

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Deep plowing tended to decrease root yield of sudangrass.
Intervention effect Deep plowing tended to decrease root yield of sugarbeets.
Intervention effect Deep plowing tended to decrease root yield of soybeans.
Association Root yields of plants decreased with depth on soil rototilled to 20 cm or moldboard plowed to 90 cm.
Intervention effect Application of 22,400 kg/ha of Na2CO3 at the 90 cm plow depth made roots of plants tend to be evenly distributed throughout the 90 cm profile.
Intervention effect Profile modification enhanced root activity of plants, as measured by top-root ratios.
Method / resource Top-root ratios are better indicators of root activity than top or root yields alone.
Observation Sr 85 uptake showed that roots in the 70 to 90 cm zone were as active as roots in the 0 to 20 cm zone.
Intervention effect Na2CO3 tended to increase root weights in its zone of application.
Intervention effect Na2CO3 reduced radiostrontium uptake by about eightfold compared with similarly placed radiostrontium without Na2CO3.
Association Na2CO3 indicates a decrease in root activity.

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Corn hybrids showed no consistent differences in grain yield or mycotoxins.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
Treatment: hybridse2
Outcome: grain yields or mycotoxinse2

Verbatim

e6
“Potassium maintains water status in corn ( Zea mays L)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–54

e2
“Consistent differences in grain yields or mycotoxins were not found among hybrids or plants/acre”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1075–1171

Title

Additional Potassium Did Not Decrease Aflatoxin or Fumonisin nor Increase Corn Yields

H. Arnold Bruns; Hamed K. Abbas Crop Management 2010. doi:10.1094/cm-2010-0216-01-rs

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Increased potassium fertility did not reduce aflatoxin contamination of corn grain.
Intervention effect Increased potassium fertility did not reduce fumonisin contamination of corn grain.
Intervention effect Increased potassium fertility did not increase corn grain yield.
Observation Corn plant densities showed no consistent differences in grain yield or mycotoxins.
Mechanism Differences among years in mycotoxins and yield likely resulted from differences in rainfall.
Recommendation Current potassium fertilizer recommendations appear adequate for both low mycotoxin levels and high grain yields.
Observation Site 1 soil needed 60 lbs K 2 O/acre to yield 200 bu/acre of corn.
Observation Site 2 soil needed 90 lbs/acre of potassium for corn.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Marketable yield did not differ significantly between 120 ppm N and 175 ppm N.

Taxon: PEPPERSCapsicumt0
Treatment: 175 ppm Ne3
Outcome: marketable yielde3
Direction: not a significant differencee3
Comparator: 120 ppm Ne3

Verbatim

t0
“PEPPERS GROWN IN ROCKWOOL”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 69–94

e3
“there was not a significant difference in marketable yield between plants grown at 120 ppm N and 175 ppm N”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 791–897

Title

NITROGEN CONCENTRATIONS TO MAXIMIZE YIELD AND DECREASE LEACHATE-N IN PEPPERS GROWN IN ROCKWOOL.

M.K. Schon; M.S. Compton; I. Burns; et al. HortScience 1993. doi:10.21273/hortsci.28.5.507a

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Increasing N did not affect the number of marketable pepper fruit in Trial 1.
Intervention effect Increasing N increased the size of pepper fruit in Trial 1.
Intervention effect Marketable fruit weight was significantly greater with Treatment 3 than with Treatment 1.
Intervention effect Nitrogen level did not affect blossom end rot occurrence in peppers.
Association Higher N concentration was associated with a higher occurrence of blossom end rot in early Trial 2 results.
Recommendation The authors recommend 120 ppm N to maximize yield and reduce environmental impact of greenhouse pepper production in Florida.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced water application under AWD did not significantly reduce yield.

Taxon: Green Super Rice 5t0
Treatment: AWD schemee1
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: without significant reductione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“without significant reduction in the yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1226–1268

t0
“Green Super Rice 5”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 15–33

e1
“reduction in the frequency of water application in AWD scheme resulted to a significant decrease in the cost of irrigation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1103–1225

Title

Performance of Green Super Rice 5 Genotype under Different Water Management Schemes

Michael M. Uy; Samuel R. Simon International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 2017. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.089

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Water schemes showed no significant difference in flowering time and maturity time.
Intervention effect Water schemes showed no significant difference in height, productive tillers or panicle length.
Intervention effect Water schemes showed no significant difference in filled and unfilled grains or biomass yield.
Intervention effect Water schemes showed no significant difference in thousand-grain weight or grain yield per hectare.
Intervention effect Alternate wetting and drying produced the longest roots.
Intervention effect Alternate wetting and drying gave better results in most parameters than other treatments, although differences were insignificant.
Intervention effect Reduced water application under AWD significantly decreased irrigation cost.
Recommendation The authors recommend AWD for GSR 5 production.

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“yield decrease”

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