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“yield decrease”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

TCB was the main reason for the decrease of rice grain yield.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: TCBe0
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The survival percentage of rice seedlings was significantly reduced by TCB, which was the main reason for the decrease of the grain yield, while NAP had little effect”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 295–461

t0
“on grain yield and quality of rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–85

Title

Effects of 1,2,4--trichlorobenzene and naphthalene on grain yield and quality of rice

Zegang Wang; Ding-zhen WAN; Ya-Chun Yang; et al. Zhongguo shuidao kexue 2006

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effect TCB significantly reduced survival percentage of rice seedlings.
Intervention effect NAP had little effect on survival percentage of rice seedlings.
Intervention effect TCB and NAP delayed the heading date of rice.
Mechanism Decreases in number of panicles per pot and seed setting rate were two main reasons for the rice yield reduction.
Intervention effect Both organic pollutants affected rice grain quality.
Intervention effect Effects of the organic pollutants on chalkiness were the greatest among the grain quality traits.
Intervention effect The organic pollutants next affected milled rice rate, head rice rate and protein content, in that order.
Intervention effect The organic pollutants affected amylose content next, after the other grain quality traits.
Intervention effect Both pollutants had little effect on brown rice rate of the two tested varieties.
Observation NAP content in grains was about ten times TCB content.
Observation Shanyou 63 accumulated more organic pollutants than Wuyunjing 7.
Intervention effect Organic and inorganic fertilizer application reduced the harm of TCB and NAP to rice.
Intervention effect Organic and inorganic fertilizer application increased rice grain yield.
Recommendation Good-quality irrigation water supply is necessary for higher survival of rice seedlings after transplanting.
Recommendation Controlling TCB and NAP content and reasonable cultivation are very important for high grain yield and food safety.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Actual yield and yield components tended to decrease when the pH of the rainwater fell.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxe0
Treatment: the pH of the rainwatere4
Outcome: actual yield and yield componentse4
Direction: decreasee4

Verbatim

e0
“the growth and the yield of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–213

e4
“The actual yield and yield components also tended to decrease when the pH of the rainwater fell”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 962–1057

Title

Impacts of Simulated Acid Rain on the Growth and the Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in the Mountains of Northern Vietnam

Ha T. T. Pham; An Thinh Nguyen; Anh T. Ngoc. Do; et al. Sustainability 2021. doi:10.3390/su13094980

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Germination rate, stem length and the number of main branches decreased under simulated acid rain in a dose-effect experiment.
Association Chlorophyll content declined as acidity increased.
Association Leaf area index declined as acidity increased.
Association Growth and yield of soybean were adversely affected by simulated acid rain, especially at pH 3.5 and lower.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Excessive shade was concluded to decrease cocoa yield.

Taxon: cocoaTheobroma cacaoe0
Treatment: excessive shadee0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: decreasese0

Verbatim

e0
“excessive shade decreases yield of cocoa”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1873–1913

Title

Micro-Climate Conditions, Weed Diversity, Flowering and Yield of Young Cacao Plants as Affected by Shade Regimes

Idowu Babadele Famuwagun; Samuel O. Agele International Letters of Natural Sciences 2021. doi:10.56431/p-f18s7i

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect No-shade plots had significantly higher air temperature than shaded plots in 2015 and 2016.
Intervention effect No-shade plots had significantly higher soil temperature than shaded plots in 2015 and 2016.
Intervention effect Soil temperature did not differ significantly by shade in 2017.
Intervention effect Weed vigour was significantly higher without shade.
Intervention effect Flower production was significantly higher without shade in 2015 and 2016.
Intervention effect Pod production was significantly higher without shade in 2016 and 2017.
Intervention effect Cherelle wilt rate was higher in shaded plots.
Intervention effect Pod yield parameters were significantly higher without shade.
Association Air temperature of 30°C to 33.7°C during flowering and pod setting positively influenced bean yield.
Mechanism Temperature and relative humidity increases were concluded to boost physiological processes for pod production.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

A 50-100% rainfall intensity decrease caused yield loss of 40-100%.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: 50-100% decrease in rainfall intensitye0
Outcome: yieldse0
Direction: losse0
Value: 40-100%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A 50-100% decrease in rainfall intensity during the growing season caused a loss of yields between 40-100%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1101–1207

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 45–50

Title

Impacts of climate and farming management on maize yield in southernTanzania

HI Mtongori; F Stordal; RE Benestad; et al. African Crop Science Journal 2015. doi:10.4314/acsj.v23i4.9

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Prolonged 20-day dry spells reduced maize yields by up to 43%.
Intervention effect Higher rainfall intensity in vegetative stages reduced yield by 5%.
Intervention effect Higher rainfall intensity in reproductive stages reduced yield by 2%.
Intervention effect Higher or lower temperatures shortened or lengthened days to flowering and maturity, respectively.
Intervention effect Temperature reduction to 2 o C below baseline caused yield loss.
Intervention effect Higher temperatures increased yield for UH6303 and H628 up to 2.5 °C.
Intervention effect Higher temperatures increased yield for PAN691 up to 4.5 °C.
Intervention effect Lower rainfall caused PAN691 yield loss up to 71%.
Intervention effect Lower temperature caused PAN691 yield loss up to 15%.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in P resorption in infected C. reticulata may account for a marked decrease in average fruit yield.

Taxon: C. reticulataCitrus reticulatae1
Treatment: 'Ca. L. asiaticus' infectione2
Outcome: average fruit yielde1
Direction: decreasee1

Verbatim

e1
“P resorption efficiency substantially decreased in infected C. reticulata plants relative to the healthy plants in summer, which may account for the marked decrease in the average fruit yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 734–925

e2
“We investigated the effects of 'Ca. L. asiaticus' infection on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and resorption in different citrus species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 431–583

Title

Pathogen infection drives patterns of nutrient resorption in citrus plants

Jirong Cao; Chunzhen Cheng; Junjie Yang; et al. Scientific Reports 2015. doi:10.1038/srep14675

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect HLB-pathogen infection decreased P resorption efficiency in C. reticulata relative to healthy plants in summer.
Intervention effect HLB-pathogen infection made P resorption more efficient in C. limon than in healthy plants.
Intervention effect HLB had no significant effect on N:P ratio in live leaves, resorption efficiency or fruit yield in C. maxima.
Recommendation Keeping efficient internal nutrient cycling can be a strategy for citrus species to be tolerant to HLB.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

East-west yield was 3.3% lower than south-north yield, a less dramatic decrease.

Taxon: SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment: east-west directione0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: lowere0
Value: 3.3%e0
Comparator: south-north directione0

Verbatim

t0
“Soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–56

e0
“with merely 3.3% yield lower than the south-north direction,the yield decrease of the east-west direction was not so dramatic”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–816

Title

Effect of Different Ridge Directions on Yield of Soybean

Qiang Fu 2011

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Northeast-southwest ridges had lower leaf area index, dry matter weight and plant height than south-north ridges across the stated stages.
Intervention effect Northwest-southeast ridges had lower leaf area index, dry matter weight and plant height than south-north ridges.
Intervention effect East-west ridges had lower leaf area index, dry matter weight and plant height than south-north ridges.
Intervention effect Northeast-southwest ridges had lower seed weight per plant, seed number per plant and economic index than south-north ridges.
Intervention effect Northwest-southeast ridges had lower seed weight per plant, seed number per plant and economic index than south-north ridges.
Intervention effect East-west ridges had lower seed weight per plant, seed number per plant and economic index than south-north ridges.
Intervention effect Northeast-southwest yield was 13.4% lower than south-north yield, with a remarkable difference.
Intervention effect Southeast-northwest yield was 14.2% lower than south-north yield, with a remarkable difference.
Recommendation The authors recommend widespread south-north ridges for better soybean growth and production indices.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In ultra narrow rows, yield decrease under spurred anoda interference was attributed to plant mortality.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutume0
Interactor: spurred anodae0weed
Outcome: yield decreasee0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: plant mortalitye0

Verbatim

e0
“However, in UNR, the yield decrease was due to plant mortality; the plant density of both cotton cultivars decreased by one plant for each additional spurred anoda, but the yield per plant for surviving plants remained constant.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1239–1467

Title

Spurred anoda (Anoda cristata) interference in wide row and ultra narrow row cotton

William T. Molin; Debbie Boykin; Josie A. Hugie; et al. Weed Science 2006. doi:10.1614/ws-05-072r1.1

Other claims from this paper (15)

Association Spurred anoda density and dry weight per plot were linearly related each year.
Observation At 8 m −2, spurred anoda dry weight was 507 g m −2 in 2000.
Observation At 8 m −2, spurred anoda dry weight was 322 g m −2 in 2001.
Observation At 8 m −2, spurred anoda dry weight was 777 g m −2 in 2002.
Intervention effect Spurred anoda did not interfere with seed cotton yield in 2001.
Intervention effect Yield losses exceeded 55% at spurred anoda density of 8 m −2 in both row spacings relative to controls.
Association The effect of spurred anoda density on cotton boll numbers was nearly identical in 2000 and 2002 across cultivar and row spacing.
Intervention effect Boll weights decreased with spurred anoda interference.
Intervention effect Spurred anoda interference decreased cotton branch dry weight in wide rows.
Intervention effect Spurred anoda interference did not decrease cotton branch dry weight in ultra narrow rows.
Mechanism In wide rows, yield decrease under spurred anoda interference was attributed to reduced boll retention or fruiting sites.
Association Cotton plant density decreased by one plant for each additional spurred anoda in ultra narrow rows.
Intervention effect Yield per surviving cotton plant remained constant under spurred anoda interference in ultra narrow rows.
Intervention effect Neither row spacing conferred significant advantage in response to spurred anoda interference.
Recommendation Decreased boll weight and lack of compensatory boll number increase in ultra narrow rows may limit producer appeal.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

When the curve was accompanied by cracking, yield loss and DRC decrease were more severe.

Taxon: rubber treesHevea brasiliensise0
Treatment: accompanied by crackinge5
Outcome: yield loss and the DRC decreasee5
Direction: more severee5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“wind damaged and one-year recovery of rubber trees”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 111–161

e5
“when the curve was accompanied by cracking, the yield loss and the DRC decrease were more severe”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 956–1052

Title

Wind damage and yield recovery in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation

Junaidi; S A Wibowo; A Wijaya IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 2021. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/759/1/012046

Other claims from this paper (8)

Association The proportion of curved, broken branch and uprooted trees increased with plant age.
Association The proportion of broken stem decreased with plant age.
Observation Broken stem and uprooted trees were found in the center of the wind-impacted area.
Observation Curved and broken branch trees were located in the outer part of the wind-impacted area.
Intervention effect Wind damage significantly reduced yield and dry rubber content in rubber trees compared with normal trees.
Intervention effect Curved trees had their yield reduced by nearly 50% compared with normal trees.
Intervention effect Curved trees had their dry rubber content lower by around 4.92% compared with normal trees.
Observation One-year recovered rubber trees had not fully recovered.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P christiei populations were associated with 16% yield decrease in Bragg.

Taxon: SoybeansGlycine maxt0
Material: Bragge0
Interactor: P christieie1pest
Outcome: yield decreasee0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 16%e0

Verbatim

e0
“were associated with 16%, 10% and 6% yield decrease of 'Bragg', 'Santa Rosa' and 'Hernon 147', respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–982

t0
“Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Neocosmospora vasinfectca Var. Africana Associated with Soybeans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–94

e1
“P christiei were recovered from fumigated plots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 822–869

Title

Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Neocosmospora vasinfectca Var. Africana Associated with Soybeans in the Republic of Zambia

Dennis A. Lawn; G. R. Noel; J. B. Sinclair Nematropica 1988

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation Nematode populations did not differ significantly among soybean cultivars.
Intervention effect Fumigation significantly lowered populations of all nematode species except P christiei.
Intervention effect Fumigated plots at Mkushi had higher P christiei populations.
Association P christiei populations were associated with 10% yield decrease in Santa Rosa.
Association P christiei populations were associated with 6% yield decrease in Hernon 147.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in yield was attributed to fewer fruits being matured

Taxon: navel orangeCitrus sinensise0
Outcome: decrease in yielde4
Qualifier: fewer fruits being maturede4

Verbatim

e0
“navel orange trees were grown in outdoor solution cultures for a period of 11 years to measure the effect of iron deficiency on fruit production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 13–157

e4
“The decrease in yield was due to fewer fruits being matured”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 675–734

Title

Iron in citrus production

E. F. Wallihan; M. J. Garber DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 1967

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Iron deficiency reduced navel orange fruit production compared with leaf iron above 30 ppm
Association Fruit production declined progressively as leaf iron fell below 30 ppm, reaching essentially zero at 15 ppm of iron
Observation Fruit quality at harvest was not seriously affected, apart from some loss of color
Association Iron content of the juice was about proportional to iron content of the leaves
Intervention effect Fruit size was the same or slightly larger in iron-deficient trees
Observation Twig dieback was observed as a symptom of iron deficit that caused loss of fruit yield

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“yield decrease”

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