Search claims · PlantClaims

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize leaf sap sodium and chloride decreased with the amendments.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: amendmentse2
Outcome: sodium and chloridee3
Direction: decreasede3
Setting: field experimente1

Verbatim

t0
“bioactivity of maize in a saline soil”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–143

e3
“Maize leaf sap nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased while sodium and chloride decreased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 785–880

e2
“While soil salinity significantly decreased, there were large increases in leaf area index, plant performance, and maize grain yield, with a considerable decrease in leaf electrolyte leakage when grown in amendments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–783

e1
“A 2-year field experiment was conducted to assess the potential of a biochar product to alleviate salt-stress to a maize crop in a saline soil”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 81–223

Title

Biochar–manure compost in conjunction with pyroligneous solution alleviated salt stress and improved leaf bioactivity of maize in a saline soil from central China: a 2‐year field experiment

Muhammad Siddique Lashari; Yingxin Ye; Haishi Ji; et al. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2014. doi:10.1002/jsfa.6825

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Trichoderma harzianum gave the highest in vitro inhibition of Sclerotium rolfsii mycelial growth (64.95%), followed by T. viride and T. asperellum.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
Treatment: dual culturee1
Interactor: Sclerotium rolfsiiAgroathelia rolfsiie0pathogen
Second interactor: T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume1biocontrol_agent
Outcome: inhibition of pathogen mycelial growthe1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1
Value: 64.95%e1
Comparator: T. viride and T. asperellume1
Setting: In vitroe1

Verbatim

e0
“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a globally important crop often affected by southern blight, caused by the soil-borne fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, leading to significant yield losses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–184

e1
“In vitro dual culture assays demonstrated significant inhibition of pathogen mycelial growth, with T. harzianum showing the highest antagonistic effect (64.95% inhibition), followed by T. viride and T. asperellum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–745

Title

Biological Control of Southern Blight in Tomato Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Using Trichoderma spp. under In-vitro and In-vivo Conditions

Mansour Abdel Rahman Ahmad Aljabali; Basavaraj V; Sampathkumar M R; et al. Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2025. doi:10.9734/ajsspn/2025/v11i2528

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect All Trichoderma treatments significantly reduced southern blight disease incidence in tomato compared with the inoculated control.
Intervention effect The combined application of all three Trichoderma species gave the highest disease suppression in tomato (85.93%).
Intervention effect The combined application of all three Trichoderma species gave disease suppression comparable to the chemical fungicide mancozeb.
Intervention effect Trichoderma treatments increased shoot and root lengths and biomass of tomato plants.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 1G option increased number of spikelets per spike by 7.7% relative to control.

Taxon: soft wheat and triticale cultivarst0
Treatment: 1G optione2
Outcome: number of spikelets per spikee0
Direction: increasee0
Value: 7.7%e0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

t0
“soft wheat and triticale cultivars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 223–257

e0
“This can be explained by the maximal increase in the productive bushiness (by 26.5%), the root weight (by 68.9%), the number of nodal roots (by 52.2%), and the number of spikelets per spike (by 7.7%) compared to the control as well as the minimum plant damage by yellow rust in the experiment.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1556–1849

e1
“polyfunctional complex 1G:2S”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1111–1139

e2
“In the 1G option of the experiment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1452–1486

Title

Increase in the Yield of Cereals and Decrease in the Harmfulness of Pathogens When Using Acrylic Hydrogel and Protein Growth Stimulant

L. E. Kolesnikov; M. V. Uspenskaya; M. I. Kremenevskaya; et al. Russian Agricultural Sciences 2021. doi:10.3103/s1068367421040091

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect The 1G:2S complex maximized average potential yield of soft wheat and triticale.
Intervention effect The 1G:2S complex increased field seed germination by 32.1% relative to control.
Intervention effect The 1G:2S complex accelerated plant maturation by 9.1%.
Intervention effect The 1G:2S complex decreased root rot damage by 8.1% against control.
Intervention effect Hydrogel at 60 kg/ha produced the maximum yield of an individual plant.
Intervention effect The 1G option increased productive bushiness by 26.5% relative to control.
Intervention effect The 1G option increased root weight by 68.9% relative to control.
Intervention effect The 1G option increased number of nodal roots by 52.2% relative to control.
Intervention effect The 1G option had the least yellow rust damage.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated ginger modules significantly increased germination.

Taxon: gingerZingiber officinalet0
Treatment: seed soaking in carbosulfan 25 EC 0.5% for 30 minutes + seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
Outcome: % germinatione0
Direction: increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“seed soaking in carbosulfan 25 EC 0.5% for 30 minutes + seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed, soil application of sesame cake @ 1.5 t/ha at 21 days before sowing + phosphonic acid 300 ppm and neem cake @ 1.5 t/ha + phosphonic acid 300 ppm recorded significant increase in % germination, plant growth and yield, decrease in % of wilting, population of nematodes in soil and root as well as root knot index wh…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 41–477

t0
“Integrated management of Quick wilt complex of Ginger”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–53

Title

Integrated management of Quick wilt complex of Ginger

Simly Das; P. Swain; Ajay Parida Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 2015

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher N fertiliser rates increased milk non-protein N as a proportion of total N (7.0 versus 6.6%).

Taxon: pasturese1
Treatment: higher rates of N fertilisere2
Interactor: cowsBos tauruse0herbivore
Outcome: non‐protein N as a proportion of total Ne3
Direction: increasede3
Value: 7.0 versus 6.6%e4
Comparator: LNe2

Verbatim

e0
“Twenty Jersey and 12 Friesian cows”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 216–250

e1
“freshly cut pastures that had received either 100–150 kg N/ha (HN) or 25 kg N/ha (LN) as urea”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 277–370

e2
“The main effects of higher rates of N fertiliser (LN versus HN) were to decrease milk protein yield (0.58 versus 0.56 kg/cow per day; P < 0.05)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 520–663

e3
“milk urea N and milk non‐protein N as a proportion of total N were increased by HN (0.21 versus 0.19 g/kg, P < 0.0001”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1054–1171

e4
“7.0 versus 6.6%, P < 0.05”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1203

Title

Nitrogen fertiliser effects on milk yield and composition, pasture intake, nitrogen and energy partitioning, and rumen fermentation parameters of dairy cows in early lactation

T. R. Mackle; C. R. Parr; A. M. Bryant New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 1996. doi:10.1080/00288233.1996.9513194

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates decreased milk protein yield in dairy cows fed the pasture (0.58 versus 0.56 kg per cow per day).
Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates decreased milk protein content (36.0 versus 35.1 g/1000 g).
Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates decreased dry matter intake of cows on ad libitum pasture (14.6 versus 14.0 kg DM per cow per day).
Intervention effect N fertiliser left dry matter and organic matter digestibilities unaffected.
Intervention effect N fertiliser left microbial N production and N and energy balance unaffected.
Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates slightly reduced the proportion of ingested N retained in milk (19.8 versus 21%).
Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates increased milk urea N (0.21 versus 0.19 g/kg).
Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates tended to increase rumen ammonia concentration and pH levels.
Intervention effect Higher N fertiliser rates left foremilk urea levels unchanged.
Intervention effect N fertiliser had no clear effect on rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations.
Intervention effect N fertiliser had only minor effects on the chemical and botanical composition of the pasture.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Clipping at the 4-leaf stage delayed 50% silking by 5.5 days on average across single crosses

Taxon: Zea mays L.Zea mayse0
Treatment: Clipping at the 4‐leaf stagee2
Outcome: days from planting to 50% silkinge1
Direction: increaseinferrede1
Value: 5.5e1
Qualifier: Mean delays for the 28 possible single crosses among 8 inbred linese1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The synchronization of flowering between parents for hybrid seed production is essential for maximum seed yield in corn ( Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–143

e1
“Mean delays for the 28 possible single crosses among 8 inbred lines of 5.5, 7.6, and 6.7 days from planting to anthesis and 5.5, 7.7, and 7.1 days from planting to 50% silking were observed for plants clipped at the 4, 6, and 8‐leaf stages of growth, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 305–568

e2
“Clipping at the 4‐leaf stage gave the best combination of flowering delay with the least decrease in stand and yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–973

Title

Synchronization of Flowering in Corn (Zea mays L.) by Clipping Young Plants¹

F. D. Cloninger; M. S. Zuber; R. D. Horrocks Agronomy Journal 1974. doi:10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600020026x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage delayed anthesis by 5.5 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage delayed anthesis by 7.6 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage delayed 50% silking by 7.7 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage delayed anthesis by 6.7 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage delayed 50% silking by 7.1 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage reduced stands by 18%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage reduced stands by 44%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage reduced stands by 25%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage reduced yield by 11%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage reduced yield by 38%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage reduced yield by 46%
Intervention effect Among single crosses, clipping at the 4-leaf stage gave a range of flowering delay of 4.2 to 6.8 days
Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage gave the best combination of flowering delay with the least decrease in stand and yield
Observation The combining ability analysis indicated a complex inheritance pattern of factors associated with flowering dates in corn

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Liquid biofertilizer increased soluble soil P by 25.7%–42.6%.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: LB applicatione1
Outcome: soluble Pe0
Direction: increasee1
Value: 25.7%–42.6%e0
Comparator: farmer-based fertilizatione1

Verbatim

e0
“soluble P by 25.7%–42.6%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 688–712

e1
“The results have shown that the LB application could contribute to the remediation of soil properties, including an increase in concentrations of NH4+ by 12.9%–19.4%, soluble P by 25.7%–42.6%, total N uptake by 40.7–64.0 kg ha−1 and total P uptake by 5.60–12.6 kg ha−1, and a decrease in concentrations of toxins, such as Al3+ by 12.1%–19.7% and Fe2+ by 16.6%–19.0%, compared to the treatment with the farmer-based ferti…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 521–949

t0
“rice yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 176–186

Title

The potency of a liquid biofertilizer containing bacterial strains of Rhodopseudomonas spp. on recovery of soil properties damaged by Al ³⁺ and Fe ²⁺ toxins and enhancement of rice yield in acid sulfate soil

Nguyen Quoc Khuong; Nguyen Duc Trong; Le Thanh Quang; et al. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2023. doi:10.1080/15226514.2023.2253913

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Liquid biofertilizer increased soil NH4+ by 12.9%–19.4% relative to farmer fertilization.
Intervention effect Liquid biofertilizer increased total N uptake by 40.7–64.0 kg ha−1.
Intervention effect Liquid biofertilizer increased total P uptake by 5.60–12.6 kg ha−1.
Intervention effect Liquid biofertilizer decreased soil Al3+ by 12.1%–19.7%.
Intervention effect Liquid biofertilizer decreased soil Fe2+ by 16.6%–19.0%.
Intervention effect Rice grain yield improved by 31.9%–32.2% with biofertilizer versus no bacteria.
Intervention effect Rice grain yield improved by 9.5%–11.1% versus commercial biofertilizer.
Observation Biofertilizer reduced recommended N by 25% and P by 50% while improving rice growth and yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar spray of Score at fortnightly intervals gave an AUDPC value of 497, a lower value than the control.

Taxon: onionAllium cepat0
Treatment: foliar spray of Score (difenoconazole 25 % EC @ 0.1%) at fortnightly intervalse4
Interactor: Alternaria porriAlternaria porrie1pathogen
Outcome: AUDPC valuee4
Direction: decreaseinferrede4
Value: 497e4
Comparator: controle4
Setting: field conditionse4

Verbatim

t0
“Relative efficacy of fungicides in managing onion purple blotch incited by Alternaria porri”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–91

e1
“Onion purple blotch incited by Alternaria porri (Ellis.) Cif.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–61

e4
“Under field conditions, foliar spray of Score (difenoconazole 25 % EC @ 0.1%) at fortnightly intervals outperformed by exhibiting substantial disease control (43.08 per cent) with AUDPC value of 497 and exhibiting minimum infection rate (0.009) with consequential increase in seed yield (7.78 per cent) over control”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 523–838

Title

Relative efficacy of fungicides in managing onion purple blotch incited by Alternaria porri

Shubham Saini; Kushal Raj Plant Disease Research 2022. doi:10.5958/2249-8788.2022.00020.8

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect In vitro, Amistar Top and Score showed the pre-eminence in inhibiting mycelial growth of Alternaria porri.
Observation Fungal isolates of the pathogen did not differ significantly in chemosensitivity towards fungicides.
Intervention effect Foliar spray of Score at fortnightly intervals under field conditions gave substantial disease control, 43.08 per cent, outperforming the control.
Intervention effect Foliar spray of Score at fortnightly intervals gave the minimum infection rate, 0.009.
Intervention effect Foliar spray of Score at fortnightly intervals increased seed yield by 7.78 per cent over the control.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Warming significantly reduced the milled rice and head rice rates of early rice relative to the control.

Taxon: early ricee1
Treatment: warminge3
Outcome: milled rice and head rice ratese3
Direction: reducede3
Comparator: the controle3
Setting: subtropical Chinae1

Verbatim

e1
“A free-air temperature increase (FATI) facility with two widely-planted high-quality cultivars was used to explore the impact of warming on the grain quality of early rice in subtropical China over 3 consecutive years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–392

e3
“We found that warming significantly reduced both the milled rice and head rice rates relative to the control, thereby leading to a decrease in the milled rice and head rice yield by 3.9 and 8.3%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 549–757

Title

Effect of climate warming on the grain quality of early rice in a double-cropped rice field: A 3-year measurement

Yong Wang; Taotao Yang; Ruoyu Xiong; et al. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 2023. doi:10.3389/fsufs.2023.1133665

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effect Warming increased diurnal canopy temperature of early rice by 1.5°.
Intervention effect Warming shortened rice growth duration by 4.0 d.
Intervention effect Warming decreased milled rice yield of early rice by 3.9%.
Intervention effect Warming decreased head rice yield of early rice by 8.3%.
Intervention effect Warming increased the chalky grain rate of early rice by 19.1% compared with the control.
Intervention effect Warming increased chalkiness of early rice by 22.2% compared with the control.
Intervention effect Warming increased protein content of early rice by 4.1%.
Intervention effect Warming increased essential amino acids of early rice by 5.4%.
Intervention effect Warming increased non-essential amino acids of early rice by 4.9%.
Intervention effect Warming reduced amylose content of early rice by 2.0%.
Intervention effect Warming reduced setback of early rice by 47.5%.
Intervention effect Warming increased peak viscosity of early rice by 9.5%.
Intervention effect Warming increased trough viscosity of early rice by 13.6%.
Intervention effect Warming increased breakdown viscosity of early rice by 5.7%.
Intervention effect Warming increased final viscosity of early rice by 6.0%.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The same drip treatment at the lowest water level saved about 18% of irrigation water compared with check-basin irrigation.

Taxon: Bt cottont0
Treatment: drip irrigation with lateral along each row at the lowest level of water (0.6 Etc)e6
Outcome: saving in irrigation watere6
Direction: decreaseinferrede6
Value: 18%e6
Comparator: check basin method of irrigatione6

Verbatim

t0
“Comparative response of Bt cotton”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–33

e6
“drip irrigation with lateral along each row at the lowest level of water (0.6 Etc) resulted in highest water use efficiency (22.0 kg/ha/mm) accompanied by 25% higher seed cotton yield and 18% of saving in irrigation water as compared with check basin method of irrigation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1317–1588

Title

Comparative response of Bt cotton to water under drip and check-basin methods of irrigation in semi-arid conditions of Punjab

Anureet Kaur Research on Crops 2016. doi:10.5958/2348-7542.2016.00084.x

Other claims from this paper (7)

“yield decrease”

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