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“yield decrease”

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tobacco leaf potassium distribution rate first rose and then fell as potassium rate increased.

Taxon: Flue-cured Tobaccot0
Treatment: K application ratee0
Outcome: K distribution ratee0
Direction: increase at the first,and then decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“The yield,K content,K accumulation and K distribution rate of tobacco leaf increase at the first,and then decrease with the increase of K application rate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 508–662

t0
“Flue-cured Tobacco”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–66

Title

Influence of K Accumulation and Distribution of Flue-cured Tobacco under Various K Rates

Jinhua Li 2013

Other claims from this paper (6)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant height first rose and then fell as sowing was delayed.

Taxon: color Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
Treatment: sowing time was delayede0
Outcome: plant heighte0
Direction: first increase and then decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“its plant height presented the trend of first increase and then decrease and the occurrence rate of soft rot disease presented a rise-fall-rise trend when sowing time was delayed.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 206–385

t0
“color Chinese cabbage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 57–78

Title

Effects of different sowing times on growth and yield of color Chinese cabbage in Chengdu region.

Liying Ouyang; Wang Zhu; Lian HuaShan; et al. 2010

Other claims from this paper (6)

Association Later sowing prolonged the growth period.
Association Later sowing decreased canopy size.
Association Soft rot occurrence followed a rise-fall-rise trend with delayed sowing.
Observation Color Chinese cabbage varieties yielded significantly more than Huangxinbai across sowing dates.
Observation Color Chinese cabbage varieties had significantly higher economic benefit than Huangxinbai across sowing dates.
Recommendation The authors recommend late August to early September sowing, with 30 August optimal in Chengdu.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 first increased and then decreased as nitrogen application rose.

Taxon: Sweet PotatoIpomoea batatast0
Treatment: increasing N applicatione0
Outcome: net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentratione0
Direction: first increase and then decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration first increase and then decrease with increasing N application.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 860–1010

t0
“Sweet Potato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 114–126

Title

The Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Interaction on the Leaf Physiological Characteristics, Yield, and Quality of Sweet Potato

Xing Shu; Minghuan Jin; Siyu Wang; et al. Agronomy 2024. doi:10.3390/agronomy14102319

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Leaf glutamine synthetase activity and soluble protein content first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application.
Intervention effect Potassium application significantly increased leaf glutamine synthetase activity and soluble protein content.
Observation Leaf nitrogen metabolic capacity was greatest at the K1N2 fertilizer ratio.
Intervention effect Leaf SPAD increased with increasing nitrogen application.
Intervention effect Potassium fertilizer significantly affected net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration.
Intervention effect Tuber starch and protein content increased as nitrogen application increased.
Intervention effect Tuber soluble sugar content decreased as nitrogen application increased.
Intervention effect Tuber number, fresh weight and dry weight initially increased and then decreased as nitrogen application rose.
Intervention effect Sweet potato vine length increased continuously with increasing nitrogen application.
Intervention effect Potassium fertilizer significantly increased tuber number and stem thickness.
Recommendation The authors conclude that an appropriate combined nitrogen–potassium application promotes nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, yield and quality.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice yield increase from foliar Zn application decreased slightly at first and then increased over the years.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Treatment: foliar applicationse0
Outcome: yield increasee0
Direction: decreased slightly at first and then increasede0

Verbatim

e0
“For rice,the yield increase induced by soil applications showed a slight decrease while it decreased slightly at first and then increased with foliar applications”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2619–2781

Title

Yield responses of the main cereal crops to the application approaches and rates of zinc fertilizer in China

Wang Xiao-zhon Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer 2014

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect Soil Zn application increased wheat yield by 11.3% on average.
Intervention effect Foliar Zn application increased wheat yield by 10.0% on average.
Intervention effect Seed-treating Zn application increased wheat yield by 11.1% on average.
Intervention effect Soil Zn application increased maize yield by 13.7% on average.
Intervention effect Foliar Zn application increased maize yield by 12.7% on average.
Intervention effect Seed-treating Zn application increased maize yield by 12.1% on average.
Intervention effect Soil Zn application increased rice yield by 15.0% on average.
Intervention effect Foliar Zn application increased rice yield by 9.8% on average.
Intervention effect Seed-treating Zn application increased rice yield by 9.7% on average.
Intervention effect Soil Zn application achieved the highest yield increase regardless of crop, compared with foliar and seed-treated applications.
Association Optimized soil Zn rate for higher wheat yield increase is 15-45 kg/hm2.
Association Optimized soil Zn rate for higher maize yield increase is 20-30 kg/hm2.
Association Optimized soil Zn rate for higher rice yield increase is 20-30 kg/hm2.
Intervention effect Foliar ZnSO4·7H2O at 0.4%-0.5% gave the highest wheat yield increase.
Recommendation Optimized foliar ZnSO4·7H2O rate for maize is 0.1%-0.3%.
Recommendation Optimized foliar ZnSO4·7H2O rate for rice is 0.2%-0.4%.
Association Wheat yield increase from each Zn application method tended to increase continuously over the years.
Association Rice yield increase from soil Zn application showed a slight decrease over the years.
Intervention effect Zn fertilizer application could effectively improve yields of wheat, maize and rice.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

essential oil yield rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 0.62%.

Taxon: Salvia officinalisSalvia officinalist0
Treatment: Treatment 2e1
Outcome: essential oil yielde0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 0.62%e0
Qualifier: Treatment 3 showed a decreasee1
Comparator: Treatment 3e1

Verbatim

t0
“Salvia officinalis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–98

e0
“Alkaloids increased from 9.56 to 13.68 to 11.3%, flavonoids increased from 7.53 to 13.48 to 10.49%, saponins increased from 5.23 to 7.44 to 6%, coumarins increased from 3.35 to 4.85 to 3.99%, tannins increased from 2.26 to 3.22 to 2.62%, and essential oil yield increased from 0.53 to 0.80 to 0.62%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–2119

e1
“Treatment 2 showed an increase in secondary metabolites, while Treatment 3 showed a decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1727–1819

Title

Impact of climatic disturbances on the chemical compositions and metabolites of Salvia officinalis

Abdelouahid Laftouhi; Noureddine Eloutassi; Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi; et al. Open Chemistry 2023. doi:10.1515/chem-2023-0115

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect protein content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 7.13% to 7.05% to 6.86%.
Intervention effect carbohydrate content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 6.21% to 5.12% to 3.02%.
Intervention effect lipid content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 1.35% to 1.01% to 0.52%.
Intervention effect dietary fiber content declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, from 4% to 3.01% to 2.34%.
Intervention effect Mg declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 0.05%.
Intervention effect Fe declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 7.62%.
Intervention effect K declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 4.02%.
Intervention effect Mn declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 3.48%.
Intervention effect Ca declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 1.23%.
Intervention effect P declined across progressively warmer and drier treatments, ending at 2.25%.
Intervention effect Alkaloids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 11.3%.
Intervention effect flavonoids rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 10.49%.
Intervention effect saponins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 6%.
Intervention effect coumarins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 3.99%.
Intervention effect tannins rose under Treatment 2 and then declined under Treatment 3, ending at 2.62%.
Intervention effect Major essential-oil compounds were modified by temperature and water stress.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SY Chorintos yield increased to 60 thousand/ha and decreased at 80,000 plants/ha.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: SY Chorintose0
Outcome: yield formatione0
Qualifier: parabolic naturee0

Verbatim

e0
“SY Chorintos hybrid had a parabolic nature of yield formation, i.e. yield increase up to a density of 60 thousand/ha and yield decrease with an increase in density to 80,000 plants /ha.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1508–1693

t0
“maize hybrids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 12–25

Title

Response of maize hybrids on increasing plant density in the agrocenosis in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

I. V. Aksyonov; M. V. Kotchenko The Scientific Journal Grain Crops 2024. doi:10.31867/2523-4544/0321

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation SY Rotango was strongly susceptible to crowding stress.
Intervention effect Increasing density did not enhance SY Rotango yield.
Intervention effect DB Khotyn had maximum yield of 7.43 t/ha at 60,000 plants/ha.
Intervention effect SY Scorpius had maximum yield of 8.4 t/ha at 60,000 plants/ha.
Intervention effect SY Chorintos had maximum yield of 8.54 t/ha at 60,000 plants/ha.
Observation Adevey had low susceptibility to crowding stress.
Intervention effect Adevey maximum yield was 7.63 t/ha at 80 thousand/ha.
Recommendation The authors advise against SY Rotango cultivation at high density.
Recommendation The authors recommend Adevey for higher plant density in the arid Northern Steppe of Ukraine.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmixedbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest 75% ETc irrigation would reduce high-value grades and modestly reduce yield while preserving flavor and nutrition.

Taxon: OnionAllium cepat0
Outcome: deficit irrigation at 75% ETc ratee0

Verbatim

e0
“deficit irrigation at 75% ETc rate) would result in a decrease of high-value bulb grades and modest losses in yield but not flavor or nutritional components”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1854–2010

t0
“Onion”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 67–72

Title

Crop Coefficient-based Deficit Irrigation and Planting Density for Onion: Growth, Yield, and Bulb Quality

Daniel I. Leskovar; Shinsuke Agehara; Kilsun Yoo; et al. HortScience 2012. doi:10.21273/hortsci.47.1.31

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Planting density did not significantly affect leaf fresh weight.
Intervention effect Deficit irrigation at 50% ETc reduced leaf fresh weight.
Intervention effect Higher planting density reduced average bulb size by 12%.
Intervention effect Higher planting density increased marketable bulb number by 21% to 33%.
Intervention effect Higher planting density increased marketable yield by 7% to 14%.
Intervention effect Deficit irrigation tended to reduce bulb number and bulb size.
Intervention effect At 75% ETc, yield fell by 8% to 13%.
Intervention effect At 50% ETc, yield fell by 19% to 27%.
Intervention effect Planting density and deficit irrigation had no significant effect on soluble solids, pungency or quercetin.
Recommendation Growers could adjust planting densities to target high-value bulb sizes.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fruit weight and number per plant decreased as waterlogging depth and duration increased, while mean fruit weight increased.

Taxon: TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Outcome: Weight and number of fruit per plante0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Weight and number of fruit per plant displayed gradual decrease as the depth and hours of water-logging became increased. Average weight of a fruit became increased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2275–2439

t0
“Tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–110

Title

Effects of Depth and Duration of Water-logging on Growth and Yield at Germination and Seedling Stage in Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Ja-Ock Guh; Sang-Eun Roh; Yong In Kuk; et al. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture 1996

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Germination failure occurred after 25 to 27 hours of waterlogging at 0 to 5 cm.
Observation At germination, plant height recovered within 24 hours regardless of depth.
Association Leaf recovery time shortened as waterlogging depth increased.
Observation Shoot fresh weight fell more sharply than root fresh weight but recovered within 24 hours.
Association Waterlogging depth correlated significantly with height, leaf number, fresh weight and germination rate.
Observation At seedling stage, height recovered within 24 hours at 0 cm depth.
Observation At deeper waterlogging levels, seedling height significantly decreased regardless of duration.
Observation Seedling leaf number recovered up to 120 hours at 0 cm depth.
Observation Seedling leaf number recovered up to 24 hours at 5 cm depth.
Observation At deeper levels leaf number significantly decreased after more than 6 hours.
Observation Shoot growth followed the trends of height and leaf number.
Intervention effect Longest root length at 0 cm waterlogging was maintained at 80% of control.
Observation Root length was not maintained after 120 hours at depths of 5 cm or greater.
Observation Waterlogging deeper than 0 cm markedly reduced root activity.
Observation Respiration markedly decreased at 5 cm waterlogging depth.
Association Photosynthesis decreased linearly with waterlogging depth.
Observation Chlorophyll content decreased gradually through 48 hours and sharply through 120 hours.
Association Disease increased with waterlogging depth and duration.
Observation Insecticide prevented disease, while fertilization had no effect.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

First-harvest raw fiber production rose then fell as nitrogen application decreased.

Taxon: ramieBoehmeria niveae0
Treatment: decrease of nitrogen applicatione0
Outcome: total production of ramie first harvest raw fibere0
Direction: first rising and then fallinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the total production of ramie first harvest raw fiber and nitrogen accumulation showed a trend of first rising and then falling with the decrease of nitrogen application”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 663–832

Title

Synergistic and sustainable impact of reducing nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.)

Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Huiqun Zhu; Lijun Liu Plant Production Science 2022. doi:10.1080/1343943x.2022.2077223

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Nitrogen accumulation rose then fell as nitrogen application decreased.
Intervention effect Second-harvest ramie output declined as nitrogen application was reduced.
Intervention effect Third-harvest ramie output declined as nitrogen application was reduced.
Observation N85 had the highest total ramie production.
Intervention effect N70 improved N utilization, agronomic utilization, partial productivity, and harvest index relative to N100.
Intervention effect N85 improved N utilization, agronomic utilization, partial productivity, and harvest index relative to N100.
Intervention effect Nitrogen reduction lowered soil organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium.
Intervention effect N85 and N100 did not differ significantly in soil fertility measures.
Recommendation Ramie production can use 15% less nitrogen fertilizer.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Oil yield increased up to a 30 kg ha-1 seed rate and then decreased.

Taxon: linseedt0
Outcome: Total oil yielde0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 30 kg ha-1e0

Verbatim

e0
“Total oil yield was increased with increase in seed rate upto 30 kg ha-1 after that it started to decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 949–1055

t0
“Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–70

Title

Nutrient uptake, Yield and Quality of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) as affected by Fertility Levels and Seed Rates in Dryland Condition of Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Rang Lal Meena; Tarkeshwar Singh; Rakesh Kumar; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2011

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Higher fertility increased N, P, K and S concentration in grain and straw.
Intervention effect Higher fertility increased oil content, oil yield and protein content.
Intervention effect Higher fertility increased protein yield.
Intervention effect Higher fertility increased seed and straw yield.
Intervention effect Increasing seed rate from 20 to 30 kg ha-1 increased grain yield.
Intervention effect Further seed-rate increases decreased grain yield.
Observation Straw yield was highest at a 40 kg seed rate.
Intervention effect Increasing seed rate decreased grain oil content.
Intervention effect Increasing seed rate decreased NPKS content in seed and straw, which was highest at 20 kg.

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“yield decrease”

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