Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Omission of S decreased rice grain yield to 56.3 g per pot compared with the all-nutrient treatment.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Treatment: S (56.3 pot-1)e3
Outcome: grain yieldse2
Direction: decreaseinferrede3
Value: 56.3 pot-1e3
Comparator: the treatment receiving all the nutrientse4

Verbatim

e1
“The result revealed that the omission of nutrients N, P and S significantly reduced the plant height, tillers pot-1, effective tillers pot-1, filled grains panicle-1, grain and straw yield of rice and uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B by rice in comparison to treatment that received all nutrients”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–869

e2
“and that of lowest grain yields 34.8 pot-1 were recorded under omission of N”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 970–1046

e3
“followed by omission of P (42.5 pot-1) and S (56.3 pot-1) nutrients”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1048–1115

e4
“The highest grain yield 66.4 g pot-1 were recorded under the treatment receiving all the nutrients”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 871–969

Title

Assessment of Yield Limiting Nutrients through Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Nutrient Omission in Inceptisols of Bastar District of Chhattisgarh State in India

Bhupendra Kumar; G.K. Sharma; V.N. Mishra; et al. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 2018. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.410

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Omission of N gave the lowest rice grain yield (34.8 g per pot), below the all-nutrient treatment (66.4 g per pot).
Intervention effect Omission of P decreased rice grain yield to 42.5 g per pot compared with the all-nutrient treatment.
Intervention effect Omission of N significantly reduced rice plant height and tiller numbers.
Intervention effect Omission of N significantly reduced rice filled grains per panicle and grain and straw yield.
Intervention effect Omission of N significantly reduced rice uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B.
Intervention effect Omission of P significantly reduced rice plant height and tiller numbers.
Intervention effect Omission of P significantly reduced rice filled grains per panicle and grain and straw yield.
Intervention effect Omission of P significantly reduced rice uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B.
Intervention effect Omission of S significantly reduced rice plant height and tiller numbers.
Intervention effect Omission of S significantly reduced rice filled grains per panicle and grain and straw yield.
Intervention effect Omission of S significantly reduced rice uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B.
Observation N, P and S were identified as the yield-limiting nutrients for rice in the kharif season.
Intervention effect SSNM dose gave higher wheat grain yield than the farmer practice dose.
Intervention effect SSNM dose increased wheat grain yield by about 13.3% over the farmer practice dose.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RF-EMF-exposed lettuce plants had lower FV/FM and NPQ than control plants under light stress conditions.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae3
Treatment: RF-EMF-exposed plantse5
Outcome: maximal photochemical quantum yield (FV/FM) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)e5
Direction: lowere5
Qualifier: under light stress conditionse5
Comparator: control plantse5

Verbatim

e3
“lettuce plants exposed to RF-EMF in the field showed a significant and systemic decrease in photosynthetic efficiency and accelerated flowering time compared to the control groups”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 692–871

e5
“RF-EMF-exposed plants had lower Photosystem II’s maximal photochemical quantum yield (FV/FM) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) than control plants under light stress conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1053–1233

Title

Impacts of Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)—Evidence for RF-EMF Interference with Plant Stress Responses

Nam Trung Tran; Luca Jokic; Julian Keller; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12051082

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Under greenhouse conditions, RF-EMF exposure had only a minor impact on fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics in lettuce.
Intervention effect Under greenhouse conditions, RF-EMF exposure had no effect on lettuce flowering time.
Intervention effect In the field, RF-EMF-exposed lettuce showed a significant and systemic decrease in photosynthetic efficiency compared with control groups.
Intervention effect In the field, RF-EMF-exposed lettuce flowered earlier than control groups.
Intervention effect Gene expression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) was significantly down-regulated in RF-EMF-exposed lettuce plants.
Intervention effect Gene expression of zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) was significantly down-regulated in RF-EMF-exposed lettuce plants.
Association RF-EMF might interfere with lettuce plant stress responses and reduce plant stress tolerance, according to the authors.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought stress most strongly inhibited plant height at the jointing and booting stages of semi-late rice.

Taxon: Semi-Late Ricet0
Material: hybrid Tian-you-hua-zhan ricee4
Organ / stage: jointing and booting stagese1
Treatment: different degrees of drought stresse2
Outcome: inhibition of the plant heighte1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1
Comparator: control (CK)e3
Setting: pot experimente4

Verbatim

t0
“Semi-Late Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–76

e1
“the inhibition of the plant height at the jointing and booting stages was the most significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 899–993

e2
“effects of different degrees of drought stress on the growth index and yield of semi-late rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 44–138

e3
“Intermittent irrigation was used as control (CK)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 239–287

e4
“a pot experiment was conducted with hybrid Tian-you-hua-zhan rice as material”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 160–237

Title

Effect of Different Water Stress on Growth Index and Yield of Semi-Late Rice

Yixin Zhang; Xinyu Zhao; Fangping Liu; et al. ECWS-7 2023 2023. doi:10.3390/ecws-7-14318

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Too much (300 kg/hm2) or too little (150 kg/hm2) nitrogen fertilization was unfavorable to kernel number per spike and thousand kernel weight.

Taxon: high-quality strong gluten wheate1
Treatment: too much(300kg/hm2) or too shortage(150kg/hm2) nitrogen fertilizatione3
Outcome: kernel number per spike and TKWe3
Direction: unfavorablee3
Setting: proof-rainfall pool culture conditione1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate and post-anthesis SWC(soil water content) on yield and quality of high-quality strong gluten wheat were tested under proof-rainfall pool culture condition”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–190

e3
“but too much(300kg/hm2) or too shortage(150kg/hm2) nitrogen fertilization was unfavorable to the increase of kernel number per spike and TKW,at last,it could lead to yield decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 546–726

Title

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate and post-anthesis soil water content on yield and quality of high-quality strong gluten wheat

Zhao Chang Acta Ecologica Sinica 2008

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect High (80-90%) or low (40-50%) soil water content after anthesis decreased kernel number per spike, thousand kernel weight and final yield under the same nitrogen rate.
Intervention effect Increasing nitrogen fertilization improved kernel number per spike under the same soil water content.
Intervention effect Too much or too little nitrogen fertilization could lead to a yield decrease.
Intervention effect Increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate could increase total protein content, gliadin and glutenin under the same soil water content.
Intervention effect Increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate could increase the Glisdin to Glutenin ratio under the same soil water content.
Intervention effect Increasing soil water content decreased total protein and its component content under the same nitrogen rate.
Intervention effect Increasing soil water content reduced the Glisdin to Glutenin ratio under the same nitrogen rate.
Intervention effect High or low soil water content after anthesis was unfavorable to starch and its component content.
Intervention effect Too much or too little nitrogen fertilization was unfavorable to starch and its component content.
Intervention effect Keeping suitable soil water content and nitrogen fertilization after anthesis benefits the amylopectin to amylose ratio.
Intervention effect Proper nitrogen enhancement or suitable soil water content improved the processing quality of wheat grain.
Recommendation Suitable nitrogen application and soil water control after anthesis are recommended to achieve good quality and high yield in wheat production.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sowing pigeon pea seeds deeper than 4 cm reduced seedling emergence to 40–68%.

Taxon: pigeon-peaCajanus cajane1
Treatment: sowing pigeon-pea seeds deeper than 4 cme1
Outcome: seedling emergencee3
Direction: decreaseinferrede3
Value: 40–68%e3
Setting: three field trials in 1981 and 1982e2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“sowing pigeon-pea seeds deeper than 4 cm led to 1–2 days delay in seedling emergence”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 287–371

e3
“resulted in only 40–68% seedling emergence”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 373–415

e2
“in three field trials in 1981 and 1982”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 100–138

Title

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics: 4. Effect of sowing depth

T. O. Tayo The Journal of Agricultural Science 1983. doi:10.1017/s0021859600037771

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Sowing pigeon pea seeds deeper than 4 cm delayed seedling emergence by 1–2 days.
Intervention effect Sowing pigeon pea seeds deeper than 4 cm reduced the development of growth and yield characters.
Intervention effect Sowing pigeon pea seeds deeper than 4 cm significantly reduced seed yield.
Intervention effect In two trials, pigeon pea sown at 4 cm performed better than at 2 cm in development of growth and yield characters.
Recommendation The optimum sowing depth for pigeon pea is 4 cm under lowland humid tropical conditions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher salinity increased leaf sodium, chloride and free proline content.

Taxon: lawn grassest0
Treatment: increase of the salinity levele0
Outcome: content of sodium, chloride and free prolinee0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the increase of the salinity level caused a significant decrease of the yield of the leaf dry weight from the successive grass crops, and an increase of the content of sodium, chloride and free proline in them”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1650–1859

t0
“lawn grasses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–72

Title

Studies on the sensitivity of some species and cultivars of lawn grasses on salinity with sodium chloride during the seed germination and first year of growth

Edward Borowski Folia Horticulturae 2008. doi:10.2478/fhort-2013-0108

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Increasing salinity significantly decreased germination speed in the grass species.
Intervention effect Increasing salinity significantly reduced root number, longest-root length and coleoptile length.
Observation Lolium perenne seeds tolerated salinity best, followed by Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris and Poa pratensis.
Observation Ronija, Stadion, Nira and Darius ranked in descending seed salinity tolerance.
Intervention effect Higher salinity significantly decreased leaf dry-weight yield in all cultivars.
Observation Ronija showed greatest first-year salinity tolerance, Darius and Stadion intermediate, and Nira lowest.
Association More tolerant cultivars accumulated fewer osmotically active compounds in leaves.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen deficiency decreased net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in proso millet flag leaves.

Taxon: proso milletPanicum miliaceume0
Organ / stage: flag leavese0
Treatment: N deficiencye0
Outcome: net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration ratee0
Direction: decreasede0
Qualifier: from flowering to maturitye0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“N deficiency decreased the net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content and increased the intercellular CO2 concentration of proso millet flag leaves from flowering to maturity.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 345–567

Title

Nitrogen deficiency induced a decrease in grain yield related to photosynthetic characteristics, carbon–nitrogen balance and nitrogen use efficiency in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Xiangwei Gong; Jing Li; Hongchi Ma; et al. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2019. doi:10.1080/03650340.2019.1619077

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Nitrogen deficiency decreased chlorophyll content in proso millet flag leaves.
Intervention effect Nitrogen deficiency increased intercellular CO2 concentration in proso millet flag leaves.
Intervention effect Nitrogen deficiency negatively regulated proso millet carbon–nitrogen balance.
Intervention effect Nitrogen deficiency increased the C/N ratio in proso millet.
Intervention effect Nitrogen deficiency reduced total N, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents in proso millet.
Intervention effect Nitrogen deficiency resulted in high starch content in proso millet.
Intervention effect Lower available N significantly reduced proso millet N uptake and utilisation.
Association Proso millet grain yield correlated positively with photosynthetic characteristics.
Association Proso millet grain yield correlated positively with N use efficiency.
Association Proso millet grain yield correlated negatively with the C/N ratio.
Intervention effect N0 yielded less than N150 in both years.
Intervention effect N60 yielded less than N150 in both years.
Intervention effect N105 yielded less than N150 in both years.
Method / resource The developed N fertiliser regression formulae were presented as useful for choosing proso millet N rates.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

V2 × T1 had 100 grain weight (HGW) of 0.20 g, lower than the other combinations.

Taxon: mustarde0
Material: BARI Sarisha-17e1
Treatment: 0 kg/hae1
Outcome: HGWe5
Direction: decreaseinferrede5
Value: 0.20 ge5

Verbatim

e0
“zero tillage mustard (Brassica sp.) production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 141–187

e1
“Two varieties (V1: Binasarisha-9 and V2: BARI Sarisha-17) and six B doses (T1: 0 kg/ha, T2: 1 kg/ha, T3: 2 kg/ha, T4: 3 kg/ha, T5: 4 kg/ha, T6: 5 kg/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 860–1012

e5
“Minimum number of siliquae per plant (21.37), straw yield (1.17 t/ha), days to harvest (82.00 days) and HGW (0.20 g) was found with combination in V2 × T1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1613–1767

Title

No Tillage Cultivation of Mustard Requires Definite Boron Dose for Optimizing Seed Yield

Sushan Chowhan; Majharul Islam; Kamrun Nahar; et al. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 2022. doi:10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i130879

Other claims from this paper (15)

Association V1 × T4 had the maximum siliqua length (8.43 cm).
Association V1 × T4 had the highest seed yield (2.34 t/ha).
Association V1 × T4 had straw yield of 3.01 t/ha.
Association V1 × T4 had 100 grain weight of 0.32 g.
Association V1 × T4 had days to maturity of 90.67 days.
Association V1 × T3 had the greatest number of siliqua per plant (82.55).
Association V2 × T4 had the greatest number of siliqua per plant (82.55).
Association V1 × T3 had the greatest number of seeds per siliqua (36.33).
Association V2 × T4 had the greatest number of seeds per siliqua (36.33).
Association V1 × T1 had the least seed yield (0.82 t/ha).
Association V1 × T1 had the least number of seeds per siliqua (22.89).
Association V2 × T1 had the minimum number of siliquae per plant (21.37).
Association V2 × T1 had straw yield of 1.17 t/ha, lower than the other combinations.
Association V2 × T1 had days to harvest of 82.00 days, lower than the other combinations.
Recommendation B doses between 2 and 3 kg/ha may suit B-responsive mustard varieties for higher seed yield under no tillage.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In Hinohikari rice, a salt water treatment without sprinkling under weak wind (7.1±1.6 m/s) lowered gross brown rice weight to 11.0 g per plant, against 36.2 g per plant with neither salt water nor sprinkling.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Material: ヒノヒカリe0
Treatment: 塩水処理e0
Outcome: 粗玄米重e0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: 11.0g/株e0
Qualifier: 弱風(7.1±1.6m/s)e0
Comparator: 塩水も散水も与えなかった区e0

Verbatim

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–54

e0
“ヒノヒカリの粗玄米重は, 塩水も散水も与えなかった区が36.2g/株であったのに対して, 塩水処理を行いかつ散水処理を行わなかった弱風(7.1±1.6m/s)区と強風(14.4±4.3m/s)区はそれぞれ11.0g/株”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 141–250

Title

Effects of Salty Wind on the Yield and Quality in Rice Using a Wind Tunnel.

Haruhiko YAMAMOTO; Seiji HAYAKAWA; Yoshinori SUZUKI Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1996. doi:10.1626/jcs.65.181

Other claims from this paper (9)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Introgression of indica pedigree lowered eating and cooking quality of japonica rice, a detectable quality penalty.

Taxon: japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe2
Treatment: introgression of indica pedigreee2
Outcome: eating and cooking qualitye2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2
Qualifier: detectable quality penaltye2

Verbatim

e2
“the introgression of indica pedigree improved the yield potential of japonica rice, though there was a detectable quality penalty, especially in eating and cooking quality”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 834–1005

Title

Research progress on optimizing panicle characters and quality improvement of indica pedigree in northern japonica rice

Hai Xu; Jian Sun; Quan Xu; et al. Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) 2021. doi:10.1360/tb-2021-0946

Other claims from this paper (13)

Association Introgression of indica pedigree improved the yield potential of japonica rice.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice panicle type has neck panicle curvature < 40°.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice panicle type has panicle type index > 0.50.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice panicle type has vascular bundle efficiency ≥ 0.75.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice panicle type has primary branch efficiency ≈ 1.0.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice panicle type has number of primary branches ≥ 15.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice has brown rice rate ≥ 83%.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice has head rice rate ≥ 68%.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice has chalky rice rate ≤ 10%.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice has taste value ≥ 80.
Recommendation Ideal japonica rice has indica pedigree introgression of about 10%.
Observation Research on japonica rice led to a 16.60% increase in per unit yield in northeastern China.
Observation Research on japonica rice led to a 96.88% increase in cultivation area since the beginning of the 21st century.

“yield decrease”

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