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Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest that root injuries retard potassium and silica absorption, contributing to disease outbreaks.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Organ / stage: rootse0
Compound: potassium and silicae0
Outcome: outbreak of sesame spot disease and stem rote0
Qualifier: retardation of absorption of nutritive elementse0
Setting: ill-drained paddy fieldse0

Verbatim

e0
“The remarkable outbreak of sesame spot disease and stem rot in ill-drained paddy fields might be attributable to the retardation of absorption of nutritive elements, especially of potassium and silica, caused by injuries in roots.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 737–967

t0
“rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–36

Title

On the Mechanism of decrease of rice yield in ill-drained paddy field

Mitsuo KIDO; Takeyasu MUSHA; Yoshio ICHIKAWA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1954. doi:10.1626/jcs.22.3-4_51

Other claims from this paper (4)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In Shanyou 63, Fv/Fm decreased more under natural conditions, indicating sensitivity to photooxidation.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Material: Shanyou 63e2
Outcome: F v/F me2
Direction: decreased moree2
Qualifier: sensitive to photooxidatione2

Verbatim

e1
“primary photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (F v/F m), quantum yield of linear electron transport of PSⅡ (Φ PSⅡ), electron transfer rate (ETR) in these rice varieties decreased with their decrease of chlorophyll content during this period”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 476–710

e2
“While F v/F m, Φ PSⅡ,ETR and photochemical qP in Shanyou 63 sensitive to photooxidation decreased more and therefore premature senescence was easy to happen”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1420–1576

Title

Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Membrane Lipid Peroxidation in the Flag Leaves of Different High Yield Rice Variety at Late Stage of Development Under Natural Condition

Xia Li; Jiao De Mao; Liu Liang; et al. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2002

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Omission of P decreased rice grain yield to 42.5 g per pot compared with the all-nutrient treatment.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Treatment: omission of Pe3
Outcome: grain yieldse2
Direction: decreaseinferrede3
Value: 42.5 pot-1e3
Comparator: the treatment receiving all the nutrientse4

Verbatim

e1
“The result revealed that the omission of nutrients N, P and S significantly reduced the plant height, tillers pot-1, effective tillers pot-1, filled grains panicle-1, grain and straw yield of rice and uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B by rice in comparison to treatment that received all nutrients”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 555–869

e2
“and that of lowest grain yields 34.8 pot-1 were recorded under omission of N”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 970–1046

e3
“followed by omission of P (42.5 pot-1) and S (56.3 pot-1) nutrients”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1048–1115

e4
“The highest grain yield 66.4 g pot-1 were recorded under the treatment receiving all the nutrients”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 871–969

Title

Assessment of Yield Limiting Nutrients through Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Nutrient Omission in Inceptisols of Bastar District of Chhattisgarh State in India

Bhupendra Kumar; G.K. Sharma; V.N. Mishra; et al. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 2018. doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.410

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Omission of N gave the lowest rice grain yield (34.8 g per pot), below the all-nutrient treatment (66.4 g per pot).
Intervention effect Omission of S decreased rice grain yield to 56.3 g per pot compared with the all-nutrient treatment.
Intervention effect Omission of N significantly reduced rice plant height and tiller numbers.
Intervention effect Omission of N significantly reduced rice filled grains per panicle and grain and straw yield.
Intervention effect Omission of N significantly reduced rice uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B.
Intervention effect Omission of P significantly reduced rice plant height and tiller numbers.
Intervention effect Omission of P significantly reduced rice filled grains per panicle and grain and straw yield.
Intervention effect Omission of P significantly reduced rice uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B.
Intervention effect Omission of S significantly reduced rice plant height and tiller numbers.
Intervention effect Omission of S significantly reduced rice filled grains per panicle and grain and straw yield.
Intervention effect Omission of S significantly reduced rice uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B.
Observation N, P and S were identified as the yield-limiting nutrients for rice in the kharif season.
Intervention effect SSNM dose gave higher wheat grain yield than the farmer practice dose.
Intervention effect SSNM dose increased wheat grain yield by about 13.3% over the farmer practice dose.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tillers number, panicles number and panicle length of rice were highest in the control treatment, compared with arsenic-amended irrigation water.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Treatment: arsenic (As) concentration in irrigation watere1
Outcome: tillers number, panicles number, panicle lengthe1
Direction: higheste1
Comparator: control treatmente1

Verbatim

e1
“The tillers number, panicle length and grain yield of BR-11 rice were found to decrease significantly (p?0.05) with increase of arsenic (As) concentration in irrigation water. The highest values of plant height and straw yield was observed in 0.5 mgL-1 treatment, whereas highest tillers number, panicles number, panicle length and grain yield were found in control treatment. The lowest values of these parameters were …” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–1062

Title

Effect of Arsenic Amended Irrigation Water on Growth and Yield of BR-11 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown in Open Field Gangetic Soil Condition in Rajshahi

MAK Azad; AHMFK Mondal; MI Hossain; et al. Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 2012. doi:10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11553

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Decreasing irrigation and nitrogen application significantly decreased growth parameters of tomato.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
Treatment: irrigation and nitrogen applicatione1
Outcome: growth parameterse1
Direction: decreasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“the effects of various irrigation water (W) and nitrogen (N) levels on growth, root-shoot morphology, yield, and irrigation water use efficiency of greenhouse tomatoes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 40–207

e1
“All the growth parameters of tomato significantly decreased (p < 0.05) with the decrease in the amount of irrigation and nitrogen application”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 537–678

Title

Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Reduced N Fertilization on Plant Growth, Root Morphology and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Grown in Soilless Culture

Ikram Ullah; Hanping Mao; Ghulam Rasool; et al. Agronomy 2021. doi:10.3390/agronomy11020228

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect A slight decrease in irrigation with increased N supply improved average root diameter, total root length and root surface area.
Observation The interaction of irrigation and nitrogen was non-significant for average diameter of roots.
Intervention effect W80 N100 did not change photosynthesis or stomatal conductance compared with the control.
Intervention effect W80 N100 decreased tomato yield by 2.90%.
Intervention effect W80 N100 decreased tomato yield by 8.75%.
Intervention effect W80 N100 increased irrigation water use efficiency by 21.40%.
Intervention effect W80 N100 increased irrigation water use efficiency by 14.06%.
Intervention effect Reducing a single factor at W80 N100 and W100 N75 compensated growth and yield of tomato.
Recommendation W80 N100, with 80% of irrigation water and 15 mM of N fertilization, is recommended for soilless tomato production in greenhouses.

Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Longer high-temperature exposure reduced oil synthesis in Pusa Agrani seeds, at the expense of protein accumulation.

Taxon: Brassica junceaBrassica junceat0
Material: Pusa Agranie1
Treatment: longer exposure to high temperaturee1
Outcome: oil synthesis in the seedse1
Direction: at the expense ofe1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Brassica juncea”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–91

e1
“Significant decrease in soluble starch and increase in crude protein content were observed at longer exposure to high temperature in ‘Pusa Agrani’ that was at the expense of oil synthesis in the seeds”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 776–976

Title

Impact of high temperature at pod development stage on yield and quality of Brassica juncea cultivars under controlled conditions

Anjali Anand; Shantha Nagarajan; Nand Kishore; et al. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2010

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Longer high-temperature exposure reduced yield of Pusa Bold by 54%.
Intervention effect Longer high-temperature exposure reduced yield of Pusa Agrani by 69%.
Intervention effect Brief high-temperature stress increased seed weight per pod of Pusa Bold by 23%.
Intervention effect Brief high-temperature stress did not change seed number of Pusa Bold.
Intervention effect Brief high-temperature stress adversely affected yield parameters of Pusa Agrani.
Intervention effect Longer high-temperature exposure significantly decreased soluble starch in Pusa Agrani seeds.
Intervention effect Longer high-temperature exposure significantly increased crude protein content of Pusa Agrani.
Intervention effect Fatty acid composition showed an increased percentage of monounsaturated fatty acid under longer high-temperature stress.
Intervention effect Fatty acid composition showed a decreased percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid under longer high-temperature stress.
Intervention effect Longer stress adversely affected thousand seed weight and seedling vigor index of both cultivars.
Mechanism Pusa Bold compensates brief high-temperature exposure by maintaining net photosynthetic rate and increasing translocation to the developing seed.
Mechanism A shorter seed development duration in Pusa Agrani would accentuate the differences between the cultivars in seed reserve accumulation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil acidity (pH 4.5) decreased crude protein, P and Ca content of Panicum maximum.

Taxon: Panicum maximumMegathyrsus maximuse0
Treatment: Soil acidity (pH 4,5 in water)e2
Outcome: crude protein (CP), P, Cae2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Panicum maximum Jacq. was evaluated in pots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–251

e2
“Soil acidity (pH 4,5 in water) adversely affected DM yield as well as the crude protein (CP), P, Ca and Zn content of the above ground phytomass”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 364–508

Title

Influence of soil PH and fertilization on the dry matter production, chemical composition and digestibility of perennial grasses : II panicum maximum JACQ

L G Du Pisani; W L J Van Rensburg; D P J Opperman Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 1986. doi:10.1080/02566702.1986.9648045

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation Panicum maximum grew best on a neutral to slightly alkaline soil (pH 6.5 to 7.5 in water).
Intervention effect Soil acidity (pH 4.5) decreased dry matter yield of Panicum maximum.
Intervention effect Soil acidity (pH 4.5) decreased Zn content of Panicum maximum.
Intervention effect Fertilization increased dry matter production and crude protein content of Panicum maximum.
Intervention effect Fertilization increased Zn content and organic matter digestibility of Panicum maximum.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In transgenic inbred Kasalath, plant height was shorter.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae2
Material: Kasalathe4
Treatment: transgenic linese4
Outcome: plant heighte4
Direction: shortere4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e2
“In this study, the Arabidopsis gene AtNF-YB1 was introduced into rice, including inbred Kasalath and the hybrids Jinfeng × Chenghui 727 and Jinfeng × Chuanhui 907.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 262–425

e4
“For the inbred Kasalath, the transgenic lines clearly showed a shorter plant height and lower grain yield, with a decrease in spike length and grain number but more productive panicles.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 552–737

Title

Expression of AtNF‐YB1 activates early flowering, showing potential in breeding hybrid rice

Meifang Peng; Feng Gan; Chunmei Pan; et al. Physiologia Plantarum 2024. doi:10.1111/ppl.14538

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Transgenic AtNF-YB1 rice showed early flowering under natural long day and natural short day conditions.
Intervention effect In transgenic inbred Kasalath, grain yield was lower.
Intervention effect In transgenic inbred Kasalath, spike length and grain number decreased.
Intervention effect In transgenic inbred Kasalath, productive panicles increased.
Intervention effect In AtNF-YB1 hybrids, the reduction in spike length and grain number was much smaller or even zero.
Intervention effect In AtNF-YB1 hybrids, productive panicles increased.
Intervention effect Grain yields of transgenic hybrids were maintained or even increased under natural long day conditions.
Mechanism Rice flowering initiation pathways were activated early through suppression of Ghd7 induction.
Intervention effect In Jinfeng B with AtNF-YB1 expression, three photosynthesis-related pathways were markedly upregulated.
Intervention effect In the hybrid Jinfeng × Chuanhui 907 with AtNF-YB1 expression, three photosynthesis-related pathways were markedly upregulated.
Intervention effect Transgenic lines showed upregulated photosynthetic rates.
Recommendation AtNF-YB1 expression in rice might be used to develop hybrid varieties with early ripening.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The pH 3.5 + Al treatment had more detrimental effects on cucumber than low pH alone.

Taxon: cucumberCucumis sativuse7
Treatment: pH 3.5 + Ale2
Outcome: detrimental effectse2
Direction: more detrimentale2
Comparator: low pHe2

Verbatim

e2
“Significant decrease in yield, shoot, and root biomass, leaf area, SPAD index, N, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and B concentration in aerial parts (leaves and stems) in response to low pH with more detrimental effects at pH 3.5 + Al”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1091–1309

e7
“cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L. "Ekron")”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 457–501

Title

Can Adverse Effects of Acidity and Aluminum Toxicity Be Alleviated by Appropriate Rootstock Selection in Cucumber?

Youssef Rouphael; Elvira Rea; Mariateresa Cardarelli; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2016. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01283

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Acidity and Al concentrations significantly reduced shoot and root biomass of cucumber.
Intervention effect Al stress was more phytotoxic to cucumber than low pH treatment.
Intervention effect Low pH significantly decreased yield, shoot biomass and root biomass of cucumber.
Intervention effect Low pH significantly decreased leaf area and SPAD index of cucumber.
Intervention effect Low pH significantly decreased N, K and Ca concentration in aerial parts of cucumber.
Intervention effect Low pH significantly decreased Mg, Mn and B concentration in aerial parts of cucumber.
Intervention effect Grafted E/C cucumber plants grown under low pH and Al had higher yield, shoot and root biomass than E/F and non-grafted plants.
Observation Grafted E/C cucumber had reduced translocation of Al from roots to the shoot.
Observation Grafted E/C cucumber had a better shoot and root nutritional status in K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn.
Observation Grafted E/C cucumber had higher chlorophyll synthesis.
Observation Grafted E/C cucumber had lower electrolyte leakage, indicating maintained cell membrane stability and integrity.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity reduced soybean pods per plant, seeds per pod and 100-grain weight, with pods most affected.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment: salinitye0
Outcome: pods per plant, fewer seeds per pod and a lighter weight per 100 grainse0
Direction: fewere0

Verbatim

e0
“The salinity-induced decrease in grain yield was traced to fewer pods per plant, fewer seeds per pod and a lighter weight per 100 grains. However, the number of pods per plant was most affected compared to the other characters.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1682–1909

t0
“soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–53

Title

Physiological responses of seven varieties of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to salt stress

Naila Khalid; Ahsan Saeed Plant Science Today 2022. doi:10.14719/pst.1986

Other claims from this paper (17)

“yield decrease”

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