Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativeprojected

Claim · model-written summary

Projected timothy dry matter yield may decrease substantially in South-Eastern Norway by mid-century.

Taxon: timothy (Phleum pratense L.)Phleum pratenset0
Outcome: DMY of today’s timothy varietiese0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: by the middle of the centurye0
Setting: South-Eastern Norwaye0

Verbatim

t0
“timothy (Phleum pratense L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–49

e0
“DMY of today’s timothy varieties may decrease substantially in South-Eastern Norway, but increase in Northern Norway, by the middle of the century”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 831–977

Title

Yield predictions of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in Norway under future climate scenarios

Kristoffer H. Hellton; Helga Amdahl; Thordis Thorarinsdottir; et al. Agricultural and Food Science 2023. doi:10.23986/afsci.127935

Other claims from this paper (3)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield per plant declined with the decrease in fertile tiller numbers.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Material: S.48e0
Organ / stage: fertile tiller numberse6
Outcome: Seed yield per plante6
Direction: declinede6

Verbatim

e0
“spaced plants of S.48 timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 39–68

e6
“Seed yield per plant declined with the decrease in fertile tiller numbers, but after the early cuts some compensation by production of slightly more seed per ear was recorded”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 768–942

Title

THE EFFECT OF TIME OF CUTTING ON EAR PRODUCTION AND SEED YIELD IN S.48 TIMOTHY

R. H. M. Langer Grass and Forage Science 1957. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1957.tb00097.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association Plant and unit tiller weight increased throughout the season in the herbage removed at each cut.
Association The number of tillers declined, especially before shooting began.
Intervention effect Cutting up to 5 May did not affect the date of ear emergence.
Intervention effect Plants cut on 19 May had a slightly delayed date of ear emergence.
Intervention effect Plants treated subsequently flowered much later.
Observation The interval following defoliation before flowering was fairly constant.
Intervention effect Cutting on and after 7 April depressed fertile tiller formation with increasing severity.
Observation Only vegetative tillers appeared in the recovery growth after treatment at the beginning of August.
Association After the early cuts, seed per ear was slightly higher, a partial compensation for fewer fertile tillers.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield decreased slightly by 1.7% with the advance of generations (Syn2-4).

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Treatment: the advance of generationse2
Outcome: yielde2
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 1.7%e2

Verbatim

e0
“such as timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–167

e2
“a slight yield decrease (–1.7% for S yn2–4) with the advance of generations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–696

Title

Evaluation of forage yield performance in advanced generations of a timothy “clone and strain synthesis” strain

Tsuneki Tanaka; Hiroyuki Tamaki; Kazunori Ashikaga; et al. Grassland Science 2013. doi:10.1111/grs.12032

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Petroleum polluted soil reduced grass yield less than diesel oil.

Taxon: Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerataDactylis glomerataLolium perennePoa pratensisLolium arundinaceumPhleum pratenseFestuca rubrat0
Treatment: petroleume0
Outcome: yield of all grassese0
Direction: decrease being lowere0
Comparator: diesel oile0

Verbatim

t0
“Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 18–132

e0
“Soil pollution with the tested products was found to significantly decrease the yield of all grasses, with the decrease being lower upon soil pollution with petroleum than with diesel oil.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 346–534

Title

The resistance of Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata to soil pollution by diesel oil and petroleum

Jadwiga Wyszkowska; Agata Borowik; Jan Kucharski Plant Soil and Environment 2019. doi:10.17221/42/2019-pse

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Diesel polluted soil significantly reduced yield of all tested grasses versus unpolluted soil.

Taxon: Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerataDactylis glomerataLolium perennePoa pratensisLolium arundinaceumPhleum pratenseFestuca rubrat0
Treatment: diesel oile0
Outcome: yield of all grassese0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: non-polluted soile0

Verbatim

t0
“Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 18–132

e0
“The achieved results were compared with those determined for grasses grown on the non-polluted soil. Soil pollution with the tested products was found to significantly decrease the yield of all grasses, with the decrease being lower upon soil pollution with petroleum than with diesel oil.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 245–534

Title

The resistance of Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata to soil pollution by diesel oil and petroleum

Jadwiga Wyszkowska; Agata Borowik; Jan Kucharski Plant Soil and Environment 2019. doi:10.17221/42/2019-pse

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

timothy droughted forage yield was 34% of control.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Treatment: droughtede0
Outcome: forage yieldse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: 34e0
Comparator: controlse0

Verbatim

e0
“forage yields of droughted reed canarygrass, orchardgrass, smooth bromegrass, and timothy were 33, 37, 24, and 34%, respectively, of the controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 709–854

Title

Drought Effects on Yield and Quality of Perennial Grasses in the North Central United States

C. C. Sheaffer; P. R. Peterson; M. H. Hall; et al. jpa 1992. doi:10.2134/jpa1996.0556

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect reed canarygrass droughted forage yield was 33% of control.
Intervention effect orchardgrass droughted forage yield was 37% of control.
Intervention effect smooth bromegrass droughted forage yield was 24% of control.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded similarly to orchardgrass.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded more than timothy and smooth bromegrass.
Intervention effect Reed canarygrass seasonal yield after drought was 54% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Orchardgrass seasonal yield after drought was 60% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Smooth bromegrass seasonal yield after drought was 81% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Timothy seasonal yield after drought was 62% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Drought increased leafiness in reed canarygrass, smooth bromegrass and timothy.
Intervention effect Drought increased crude protein in leaves, stems and whole forage of all species.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in reed canarygrass and smooth bromegrass at all harvests.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in orchardgrass and timothy at two of three harvests.
Association Increased leafiness and stem and leaf quality were associated with improved forage quality.
Intervention effect Drought reduced reed canarygrass and timothy persistence.
Intervention effect Drought had no effect on smooth bromegrass and orchardgrass persistence.
Observation Smooth bromegrass was the most persistent grass.
Observation Orchardgrass was the least persistent grass.
Observation The authors interpret reed canarygrass as among the most productive grasses in drought.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Timothy seasonal yield after drought was 62% of irrigated controls.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Treatment: periods of drought followed by well‐watered conditionse0
Outcome: Total season yieldse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: 62%e0
Comparator: irrigated controlse0

Verbatim

e0
“Total season yields of reed canarygrass, orchardgrass, smooth bromegrass, and timothy exposed to periods of drought followed by well‐watered conditions were 54, 60, 81, and 62%, respectively, of the irrigated controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1206

Title

Drought Effects on Yield and Quality of Perennial Grasses in the North Central United States

C. C. Sheaffer; P. R. Peterson; M. H. Hall; et al. jpa 1992. doi:10.2134/jpa1996.0556

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect reed canarygrass droughted forage yield was 33% of control.
Intervention effect orchardgrass droughted forage yield was 37% of control.
Intervention effect smooth bromegrass droughted forage yield was 24% of control.
Intervention effect timothy droughted forage yield was 34% of control.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded similarly to orchardgrass.
Observation Under drought, reed canarygrass yielded more than timothy and smooth bromegrass.
Intervention effect Reed canarygrass seasonal yield after drought was 54% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Orchardgrass seasonal yield after drought was 60% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Smooth bromegrass seasonal yield after drought was 81% of irrigated controls.
Intervention effect Drought increased leafiness in reed canarygrass, smooth bromegrass and timothy.
Intervention effect Drought increased crude protein in leaves, stems and whole forage of all species.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in reed canarygrass and smooth bromegrass at all harvests.
Intervention effect Drought lowered NDF and ADF in orchardgrass and timothy at two of three harvests.
Association Increased leafiness and stem and leaf quality were associated with improved forage quality.
Intervention effect Drought reduced reed canarygrass and timothy persistence.
Intervention effect Drought had no effect on smooth bromegrass and orchardgrass persistence.
Observation Smooth bromegrass was the most persistent grass.
Observation Orchardgrass was the least persistent grass.
Observation The authors interpret reed canarygrass as among the most productive grasses in drought.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Timothy IVDMD decreased on average by 0.74% per day during June.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Outcome: IVDMDe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.74e0
Qualifier: % per daye0

Verbatim

e0
“In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) values ranged from above 80% down to 45%, with an average rate of decrease during June of 0.74, 0.84, 0.85 and 0.45% per day in timothy, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and Kentucky bluegrass, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 355–600

Title

EFFECTS OF INITIAL HARVEST DATE ON DRY MATTER YIELD, IN VITRO DRY MATTER DIGESTIBILITY AND PROTEIN IN TIMOTHY, TALL FESCUE, REED CANARYGRASS AND KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS

W. MASON; L. LACHANCE Canadian Journal of Plant Science 1983. doi:10.4141/cjps83-085

Other claims from this paper (17)

Observation Tall fescue IVDMD decreased on average by 0.84% per day during June.
Observation Reed canarygrass IVDMD decreased on average by 0.85% per day during June.
Observation Kentucky bluegrass IVDMD decreased on average by 0.45% per day during June.
Observation Timothy crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.47% per day.
Observation Tall fescue crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.40% per day.
Observation Reed canarygrass crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.39% per day.
Observation Kentucky bluegrass crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.28% per day.
Observation Regrowth forage in midsummer and fall harvests averaged 63 to 59% IVDMD.
Observation Regrowth forage in midsummer and fall harvests averaged 16 to 20% CP.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut continued to increase total annual dry matter yield, except in reed canarygrass.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut significantly increased total IVDMD yield until flowering.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut decreased total CP yield from stem elongation onwards.
Observation Reed canarygrass reached its optimum CP yield at early heading.
Observation Reed canarygrass had significant increases in IVDMD yield until the flowering stage.
Intervention effect Harvesting all forages at the stem elongation stage substantially reduced yield of DM, IVDMD and CP.
Observation Most of the DM was obtained in the initial harvest.
Observation Almost half of the total CP was obtained in the final harvest.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Timothy crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.47% per day.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Outcome: crude protein (CP) in first-cut foragee1
Direction: decreasese1
Value: 0.47e1
Qualifier: %/daye1

Verbatim

e0
“In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) values ranged from above 80% down to 45%, with an average rate of decrease during June of 0.74, 0.84, 0.85 and 0.45% per day in timothy, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and Kentucky bluegrass, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 355–600

e1
“crude protein (CP) in first-cut forage ranged from 28% to 6% and had respective decreases of 0.47, 0.40, 0.39 and 0.28%/day”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 613–736

Title

EFFECTS OF INITIAL HARVEST DATE ON DRY MATTER YIELD, IN VITRO DRY MATTER DIGESTIBILITY AND PROTEIN IN TIMOTHY, TALL FESCUE, REED CANARYGRASS AND KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS

W. MASON; L. LACHANCE Canadian Journal of Plant Science 1983. doi:10.4141/cjps83-085

Other claims from this paper (17)

Observation Timothy IVDMD decreased on average by 0.74% per day during June.
Observation Tall fescue IVDMD decreased on average by 0.84% per day during June.
Observation Reed canarygrass IVDMD decreased on average by 0.85% per day during June.
Observation Kentucky bluegrass IVDMD decreased on average by 0.45% per day during June.
Observation Tall fescue crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.40% per day.
Observation Reed canarygrass crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.39% per day.
Observation Kentucky bluegrass crude protein in first-cut forage decreased by 0.28% per day.
Observation Regrowth forage in midsummer and fall harvests averaged 63 to 59% IVDMD.
Observation Regrowth forage in midsummer and fall harvests averaged 16 to 20% CP.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut continued to increase total annual dry matter yield, except in reed canarygrass.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut significantly increased total IVDMD yield until flowering.
Intervention effect Delaying the initial cut decreased total CP yield from stem elongation onwards.
Observation Reed canarygrass reached its optimum CP yield at early heading.
Observation Reed canarygrass had significant increases in IVDMD yield until the flowering stage.
Intervention effect Harvesting all forages at the stem elongation stage substantially reduced yield of DM, IVDMD and CP.
Observation Most of the DM was obtained in the initial harvest.
Observation Almost half of the total CP was obtained in the final harvest.

“yield decrease”

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