Search claims · PlantClaims

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultprojected

Claim · model-written summary

The yield decrease was attributed to shorter grain filling and less efficient fertilization in warmer conditions.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: grain-filling periode0
Direction: shortenede0
Qualifier: under warmer conditionse0

Verbatim

e0
“primarily attributed to a shortened grain-filling period and reduced fertilization efficiency under warmer conditions.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1467–1585

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 41–46

Title

A modelling system for identification of maize ideotypes, optimal sowing dates and nitrogen fertilization under climate change – PREPCLIM-v1

Mihaela Caian; Catalin Lazar; Petru Neague; et al. Geoscientific model development 2026. doi:10.5194/gmd-19-627-2026

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In 1977, reduced sugar beet yield was mainly attributed to lower population and uneven distribution.

Taxon: sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
Outcome: decrease in yielde0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: decreased population and uneven distribution of plantse0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in yield in sugar beet in 1977 was due mainly to decreased population and uneven distribution of plants, rather than the continued direct effects of compaction on individual plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 592–785

Title

The effects of soil compaction on the emergence, growth and yield of sugar beet and peas

Paul D. Hebblethwaite; Michael McGowan Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1980. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740311103

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Compaction reduced sugar beet emergence.
Intervention effect Compaction reduced peas emergence.
Intervention effect Compaction caused uneven crop stands.
Intervention effect Compaction delayed early root growth.
Intervention effect Compaction restricted depth of water extraction.
Intervention effect Sugar beet root yield decreased by up to 45%.
Intervention effect Sugar beet sugar yield decreased by up to 45%.
Intervention effect Vining pea yield decreased by up to 50%.
Observation In 1978, individual sugar beet plants also decreased in size.
Mechanism Both reduced population and plant size mattered similarly for peas.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)basis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Lodging of intercropped soybean may be due to the significant decrease in stem NDF.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe4
Outcome: lodgede4
Qualifier: significant decrease in stem NDFe4

Verbatim

e4
“Intercropped soybean was lodged both years more than monocrop soybean, which may have been due to the significant decrease in stem NDF”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1316–1450

Title

Sorghum Intercropping Effects on Yield, Morphology, and Quality of Forage Soybean

Daren D. Redfearn; Dwayne R. Buxton; Tom E. Devine Crop Science 1999. doi:10.2135/cropsci1999.3951380x

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Intercropped soybean had 6 more plants per m of row than monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Intercropped soybean had less advanced morphological development than monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Intercropped soybean had 2.3 Mg ha −1 less dry matter than monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Leaf IVDMD, NDF and hemicellulose did not differ between intercropped and monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Leaf cellulose did not differ between intercropped and monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Stem IVDMD was 33 g kg −1 greater in intercropped than in monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Stem NDF concentration decreased by 36 g kg −1 in intercropped soybean compared with monocrop soybean.
Intervention effect Intercropped soybean lodged more than monocrop soybean in both years.
Association Leaf CP concentration was 25 g kg −1 greater in monocrop soybean than in intercropped soybean.
Association Stems of intercropped soybean had 12 g kg −1 greater CP than monocrop soybean stems.
Observation Soybean showed a high degree of morphological plasticity.
Association Forage quality of intercropped soybean was greater than that of monocrop soybean.
Recommendation Intercropping forage-type soybean with another tall-growing forage does not appear practical because of lower dry matter accumulation.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attribute wet-year yield reduction to decreased panicle nitrogen uptake.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Organ / stage: paniclee0
Outcome: yield reductione0
Qualifier: decrease in nitrogen uptakee0

Verbatim

e0
“the decrease in nitrogen uptake in panicle results in a yield reduction”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1308–1379

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–82

Title

Increasing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Is a Feasible Strategy to Mitigate Rice Yield Reduction in Wet Year

Bin Liao; Omar Aziz; Yangbo He; et al. Agronomy 2023. doi:10.3390/agronomy13061536

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Rice yield was 23.5% lower in the wet year than the normal year.
Intervention effect At N0, wet-year rice yield fell 36.9%.
Intervention effect At N90, wet-year rice yield fell 24.8%.
Intervention effect At N180, wet-year rice yield fell 11.0%.
Association Increasing nitrogen rate decreased wet-year yield reduction.
Observation Panicles contributed almost 60% of biomass on average.
Observation Panicles contributed almost 75% of total nitrogen uptake on average.
Intervention effect Panicle nitrogen uptake amount and proportion decreased in the wet year.
Association Rice yield correlated positively with nitrogen uptake in both years.
Association Increasing nitrogen rate significantly decreased internal nitrogen use efficiency in the normal year.
Association Increasing nitrogen rate increased internal nitrogen use efficiency in the wet year.
Association Nitrogen rate did not affect nitrogen recovery use efficiency or nitrogen harvest index.
Recommendation The authors suggest increasing nitrogen rate in wet years to improve uptake, reduce yield-loss risk, and maintain use efficiency.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attributed the yield decline under high night temperature to biomass change.

Taxon: SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment: HNTe0
Outcome: decrease in yielde0
Qualifier: change in biomasse0

Verbatim

t0
“Soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–88

e0
“the decrease in yield by HNT resulted from the change in biomass.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 736–801

Title

The influence of high night temperature on yield and physiological attributes of Soybean cv. Fukuyutaka

Taiyu Lin; Yuki Okamoto; Yuichi Nagasaki; et al. Plant Production Science 2020. doi:10.1080/1343943x.2020.1842215

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Yield tended to decline 4.6% per degree C across two years.
Observation Yield component responses tended to offset one another.
Intervention effect Harvest index did not respond to varying night temperature.
Mechanism Biomass reduction was more attributable to branch growth than main stem growth.
Mechanism Biomass reduction was more attributable to leaf growth than other organs.
Association Leaf area and weight had convex responses to night temperature.
Intervention effect Extreme high night temperature reduced biomass more evidently in the phytotron.
Intervention effect High night temperature did not significantly affect Pn in the chamber.
Association Estimated maintenance respiration increased with high night temperature.
Mechanism The authors judged respiration to explain biomass response only partially.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A bigger proportion of secondary tillers was a main reason for the yield decrease.

Taxon: super hybrid ricee2
Outcome: yield decreasede3
Qualifier: bigger proportion of secondary tillerse3

Verbatim

e2
“The results showed that grain yield of super hybrid rice reached to 8 586 kg/hm~2 under POMC,which was near to the local yield potential of the test variety and only was decreased by 1.17% compared to chemical fertilizer treatment(CK)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 189–423

e3
“The bigger proportion of secondary tillers and the significant decrease of grain number per panicle and seed setting percent were main reasons that yield decreased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 424–587

Title

Effects on Pure Organic Manure Cultivation on Yield Formation and Physiological Characters in Super Hybrid Rice

Zhang Yuzhu; Zeng Xiang; Zhang Xing-huai Crop Research 2006

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Grain yield of super hybrid rice reached 8 586 kg/hm2 under pure organic manure cultivation.
Intervention effect Pure organic manure cultivation decreased grain yield by 1.17% compared with chemical fertilizer treatment (CK).
Observation Significant decrease of grain number per panicle and seed setting percent under pure organic manure cultivation.
Intervention effect Non-pre-senescence in the late duration was an advantage of pure organic manure cultivation.
Intervention effect Higher leaf area index was an advantage of pure organic manure cultivation.
Intervention effect Higher chlorophyll content in the flag leaf was an advantage of pure organic manure cultivation.
Intervention effect Increase of 1000-grain weight was an advantage of pure organic manure cultivation.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Excess leaf nitrogen or top dry weight decreased the percentage of ripened grains and hence yield.

Taxon: Lowland Ricet0
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: decrease of the percentage of ripened grainse0

Verbatim

e0
“When the nitrogen content in leaf blades or the dry weight of the top exceeded their optimum, the decrease of the grain yield was brought about by the decrease of the percentage of ripened grains.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1485–1681

t0
“Lowland Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 105–117

Title

Analysis of Yield-Determining Process and Its Application to Yield-Prediction and Culture Improvement of Lowland Rice CXX. Effects of the nitrogen restriction on the grain yield judged from the growth amount, the leaf color and the percentage of stained length of leaf sheath

Akio MATSUZAKI; Seizo MATSUSHIMA; Toyoo TOMITA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1974. doi:10.1626/jcs.43.167

Other claims from this paper (8)

Association Two leaf nitrogen and top weight combinations brought the highest yield.
Association The second leaf nitrogen and top weight combination also brought highest yield.
Association Yield decreased when nitrogen content and top weight were outside optimal values.
Association The leaf color ratio and tiller combination produced maximum grain yield.
Mechanism Lodging attributed to fifth internode length caused reduced grain ripening.
Recommendation Authors recommended a leaf color ratio of 0.05∼0.08 or leaf blade nitrogen of 2.2∼2.6%.
Recommendation Authors recommended 500∼700 tillers per square meter or top dry weight of 500∼600 g/m2.
Recommendation Authors recommended fifth internode length below 4 cm.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in lotus yield with increasing altitude is attributed to increasing severity of climate.

Taxon: lotusLotust0
Outcome: lotus yielde7
Qualifier: increasing severity of climate (probably low temperatures)e7

Verbatim

t0
“EFFECTS OF FERTILISERS AND ENVIRONMENT ON LOTUS PRODUCTION ON HIGH COUNTRY ACID SOILS IN OTAGO”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–94

e7
“Decreasing lotus yield with increasing altitude is attributed to increasing severity of climate (probably low temperatures). The lower yields and greater decrease on the Lammerlaws suggest that the limitations are more severe there than at corresponding altitudes on the Remarkables”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1661–1943

Title

EFFECTS OF FERTILISERS AND ENVIRONMENT ON LOTUS PRODUCTION ON HIGH COUNTRY ACID SOILS IN OTAGO

M.J.S. Floate; P.D. Mcintosh; W.H. Risk; et al. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 1985. doi:10.33584/jnzg.1985.46.1685

Other claims from this paper (13)

Association On the Remarkables, mean annual yields for P + S treatments decreased with altitude, from about 7000 to 3500 kg DM/ha.
Association On the Lammerlaw-Lammermoor sequence, yields decreased with altitude, from about 2000 to 200 kg DM/ha.
Intervention effect At the sites, lotus showed very little response to P until S was added, because S-deficiency was severe.
Intervention effect Lotus showed little response to S in the absence of P.
Association On the Remarkables, lotus yields were closely related to soil test values.
Association Fertiliser requirements of lotus were generally similar to those of clover.
Intervention effect Clover occasionally continued to respond to higher rates of P, more than lotus did.
Intervention effect Lotus showed little or no response to lime, unlike clover, except at the highest altitude on the Lammerlaws.
Association Lotus and clover yields were similar up to 1000 m on both the Remarkables and Lammerlaw-Lammermoor sequences.
Association Above 1000 m, lotus production exceeded clover on the Remarkables.
Association On the Lammerlaws, yields dropped off sharply at the highest altitude.
Intervention effect Clover yields where lime was applied were significantly higher than lotus yields on the Lammerlaws.
Association Limitations on the Lammerlaws are more severe than at corresponding altitudes on the Remarkables.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in lint yield was mainly caused by a large decline in boll number.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutume2
Outcome: lint yielde5
Qualifier: mainly caused by a large decline in boll numbere5

Verbatim

e5
“Compared with OPD-CRLR 100%, other treatments (OPD-CRLR 60%, LPD-CRLR 100%, and LPD-CRLR 60%) had significantly decreased lint yield at both FPs of both cultivars, but especially at FP3 and in Sumian 15; this decrease was mainly caused by a large decline in boll number”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–1036

e2
“Two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–44

Title

Effects of planting dates and shading on carbohydrate content, yield, and fiber quality in cotton with respect to fruiting positions

Wen-qing ZHAO; You WU; Zahoor Rizwan; et al. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018. doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(17)61797-0

Other claims from this paper (14)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced grain weight caused the decrease in late rice yield.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Outcome: late rice yielde0
Qualifier: decreased grain weighte0

Verbatim

e0
“late rice yield, which was caused by the decreased grain weight that may be related to the reduced translocation of dry matter accumulated during the pre‐heading phase under warming”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 537–718

Title

Differential Impacts of Whole‐Growth‐Duration Warming on the Grain Yield and Quality Between Early and Late Rice (Oryza sativa) in a Double Rice Cropping System

Shan Huang; Haiyuan Wang; Xiaohua Pan; et al. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 2025. doi:10.1111/jac.70052

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effect Warming did not affect early rice yield.
Intervention effect Warming significantly decreased late rice yield.
Mechanism Reduced preheading dry matter translocation may relate to decreased grain weight under warming.
Intervention effect Warming improved late rice milling quality.
Intervention effect Warming decreased early rice milling quality.
Intervention effect Warming increased early rice chalky rice rate by 20.7%.
Intervention effect Warming increased early rice chalkiness degree by 33.9%.
Intervention effect Warming increased late rice chalky rice rate by 37.6%.
Intervention effect Warming increased late rice chalkiness degree by 51.6%.
Intervention effect Warming significantly increased crude protein content in early rice.
Intervention effect Warming significantly increased crude protein content in late rice.
Mechanism The protein increase was interpreted to deteriorate eating quality.
Intervention effect Warming significantly reduced late rice setback by 17.8%.
Intervention effect Warming did not significantly affect early rice setback.
Recommendation The authors recommend breeding and agronomic adaptation to warming in double rice cropping.

“yield decrease”

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