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Yield and yield components of maize response to high plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply 1

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Compensation of the yield loss from reduced water and nitrogen by increased density is mainly attributed to dry matter accumulation from early-filling to maturity and more panicles

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: negative effect on the decrease of yielde1
Qualifier: promoting the dry matter accumulation from early-filling to maturing stage and improving panicle number significantlye1

Verbatim

e1
“Under the reduced water and nitrogen supply, increasing density could compensate the negative effect on the decrease of yield was mainly attributed to promoting the dry matter accumulation from early-filling to maturing stage and improving panicle number significantly”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1790–2058

t0
“Yield and yield components of maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–35

Title

Yield and yield components of maize response to high plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply

Jin-Gui WEI; Yao GUO; Qiang CHAI; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2023. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2023.23056

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Reduced water and nitrogen supply significantly decreased maize grain yield
Intervention effect Dense planting density significantly increased maize grain yield under reduced water supply with nitrogen maintained
Intervention effect Grain yield under W1 was 3.0% lower than under W2
Intervention effect Grain yield under N1 was 12.9% lower than under N2
Intervention effect Planting density D2 increased grain yield by 12.9% compared with D1
Intervention effect Planting density D3 increased grain yield by 9.2% compared with D1
Intervention effect Reduced water and nitrogen with density D1 (W1N1D1) decreased grain yield by 12.3% compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect Grain yield of W1N1D2 did not differ significantly from W2N2D1
Intervention effect Dry matter accumulation of W1N1D2 increased 5.8% from early-filling to maturity compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect Vmax, Vmean, Tm and HI did not differ significantly between W1N1D2 and W2N2D1
Intervention effect Spike number of W1N1D2 increased 24.7% compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect Grain yield of W1N2D2 was 13.9% higher than W2N2D1
Intervention effect Panicle number of W1N2D2 increased 24.8% compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect Dry matter accumulation of W1N2D2 increased 10.2% compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect Vmean of W1N2D2 increased 8.4% compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect Harvest index of W1N2D2 increased 4.7% compared with W2N2D1
Intervention effect 1000-kernel weight of W1N2D2 did not differ significantly from W2N2D1

Regulation of grain yield and nutrient absorption of modern summer maize varieties in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers region 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

K requirement decreased from 2.14 to 1.74 kg as yield rose.

Outcome: K requirement per 100 kg graine1
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 2.14 to 1.74 kge0
Qualifier: increase of the harvest index and stem potassium concentrations, and the decline in leaf potassium concentrationse0
Comparator: yielde0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“showing a decrease from 2.14 to 1.74 kg when the yield increased from < 7.0 t hm-2 to > 11.0 t hm-2, which was attributed to the increase of the harvest index and stem potassium concentrations, and the decline in leaf potassium concentrations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1969–2211

e1
“The average K requirement per 100 kg grain was 1.89 kg, which was negatively correlated with grain yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1863–1967

Title

Regulation of grain yield and nutrient absorption of modern summer maize varieties in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers region

Yi CHENG; Peng LIU; Yu-Wen LIU; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2019. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2019.93004

Other claims from this paper (14)

Effects of staged potassium application on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under reduced nitrogen conditions 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

At the same potassium scheme, N3 grain yield was 9.0%-11.6% lower than N1.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: N3 treatmente0
Outcome: grain yielde0
Direction: lowere0
Value: 9.0%-11.6%e0
Comparator: N1 treatmente0

Verbatim

e0
“the grain yield of N3 treatment was significantly lower than that of N1 treatment, with a decrease of 9.0%-11.6%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1118–1230

t0
“winter wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 86–98

Title

Effects of staged potassium application on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under reduced nitrogen conditions

Xiang-Yu ZHANG; Xin-Hui HU; Shu-Bo GU; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2023. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2023.21013

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect At the same potassium scheme, N2 grain yield did not differ significantly from N1.
Intervention effect Staged potassium increased grain yield at a fixed nitrogen rate.
Intervention effect Staged potassium increased nitrogen use efficiency at a fixed nitrogen rate.
Intervention effect K2 inhibited leaching of nitrate nitrogen into deep soil layers versus K1.
Intervention effect K2 increased nitrogen accumulation in winter wheat plants versus K1.
Intervention effect K2 increased flag leaf photosynthetic rate versus K1.
Intervention effect K2 increased nitrate reductase activity versus K1.
Intervention effect K2 increased grain filling rate versus K1.
Intervention effect K2 increased number of grains per spike versus K1.
Intervention effect K2 increased 1000-grain weight versus K1.
Intervention effect Grain yield increased 21.7% under conventional nitrogen application rate.
Intervention effect nitrogen use efficiency increased 20.2% under conventional nitrogen application rate.
Intervention effect Grain yield increased 26.9% under N2 level.
Intervention effect nitrogen use efficiency increased 26.2% under N2 level.
Intervention effect Grain yield increased 25.2% under N3 level.
Intervention effect nitrogen use efficiency increased 21.1% under N3 level.
Intervention effect N3K2 had higher grain yield than N1K1.
Intervention effect N3K2 had higher nitrogen uptake efficiency than N1K1.
Intervention effect N3K2 had higher nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen partial productivity than N1K1.

Aplicação foliar de molibdênio e cobalto na soja cultura: rendimento e qualidade de sementes / Foliar application of molybdenum and cobalt in soybean crop: yield and seed quality 1

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Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in seeds per pod above that dose may be due to a phytotoxic effect of cobalt.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe1
Compound: cobalte0
Outcome: number of seeds per pode0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in the number of seeds per pod from this dose may be due to the phytotoxic effect of cobalt”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1464–1568

e1
“foliar application of a commercial product containing molybdenum and cobalt in the soybean crop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 449–544

Title

Aplicação foliar de molibdênio e cobalto na soja cultura: rendimento e qualidade de sementes / Foliar application of molybdenum and cobalt in soybean crop: yield and seed quality

Dalmolin, Adhyvan Karmo; Almeida, Andréia da Silva; Rodrigues, Daniele Brandstetter; et al. LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) 2021. doi:10.34117/bjdv7n5-011

Other claims from this paper (4)

Mangueiras 'Tommy Atkins' submetidas à alta densidade de plantio em condições de clima tropical subúmido no Nordeste do Brasil. 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Above 555 plants per hectare, the percentage of flowering, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per area decreased.

Taxon: mangoMangifera indicae1
Material: Tommy Atkinse1
Treatment: Above 555 plants per hectaree3
Outcome: percentage of flowering, fruit yield per plant and per areae4
Direction: decreasese4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“effects of high density planting on 'Tommy Atkins' mango trees cultivated in subhumid warm tropical climate in northeastern Brazil”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 47–177

e3
“Above 555 plants per hectare, a significant decrease was observed in mango tree growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 706–792

e4
“Furthermore, there were decreases in the percentage of flowering, fruit yield per plant and per area”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 794–894

Title

Mangueiras 'Tommy Atkins' submetidas à alta densidade de plantio em condições de clima tropical subúmido no Nordeste do Brasil.

SOUSA, C. A. F. de; CAVALCANTI, M. I. L. G.; VASCONCELOS, L. F. L.; et al. LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) 2012

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect High-density planting reduced vegetative and reproductive variables of individual mango trees.
Intervention effect Above 555 plants per hectare, mango tree growth decreased significantly.
Intervention effect Planting density up to 357 plants per hectare decreased plant growth and fruit yield per tree.
Intervention effect Planting density up to 357 plants per hectare increased fruit yield per area by 30% compared with the control.
Intervention effect High-density planting had little influence on mango fruit quality.

Genetic variability, heritability, and expected gains for yield and forage quality in Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) populations. 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Largest predicted annual genetic gain was a decrease of 0.78% per year for NDF

Taxon: Andropogon gayanusAndropogon gayanuse0
Outcome: NDFe6
Direction: decreasee6
Value: −0.78% per yeare6

Verbatim

e0
“Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus Kunth)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–38

e6
“the largest decrease for NDF (−0.78% per year)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1544–1590

Title

Genetic variability, heritability, and expected gains for yield and forage quality in Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) populations.

FONSECA, C. E. L. da; CARVALHO, M. A.; PESSOA FILHO, M. A. C. de P.; et al. LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) 2025

Other claims from this paper (11)

Cooking quality of common beans as ifluenced by different nitrogen levels and time of application 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Uirapuru beans had higher yield with increased nitrogen topdressing at R6.

Taxon: common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
Material: cv. Uirapurue0
Treatment: increased N topdressinge0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: highere0
Qualifier: R6 stagee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The cv. Uirapuru showed a decrease in cooking time at both stages with increased N topdressing, but was more pronounced at the R6 stage, with higher yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1043–1197

t0
“common beans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 19–31

Title

Cooking quality of common beans as ifluenced by different nitrogen levels and time of application

Coelho C.M.M.; Vargas V.P.; Souza, Clovis Arruda De; et al. LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) 2009

Other claims from this paper (6)

Green Manure Intercropping with Reduced Chemical N Input Mitigates Yield-Scaled N2O Emissions in Arid Maize Systems 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropping with green manure can offset the reduction in maize grain yield caused by a 25% decrease in N supply.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: intercropping with green manuree0
Outcome: maize grain yielde0
Direction: offset the reductione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“intercropping with green manure can offset the reduction in maize grain yield caused by a 25% decrease in N supply”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 840–954

Title

Green Manure Intercropping with Reduced Chemical N Input Mitigates Yield-Scaled N2O Emissions in Arid Maize Systems

Hanting Li; Guiping Chen; Zhilong Fan; et al. Agronomy 2026. doi:10.3390/agronomy16020196

Other claims from this paper (6)

Ecological drivers of intercropping performance for enhanced global crop production 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Yield reductions of component species were proportionally smaller than planting density reductions.

Taxon: major cerealse1
Outcome: yield reductions for component speciese0
Direction: smallere0
Comparator: decrease in densitye0

Verbatim

e0
“yield reductions for component species are proportionally smaller than the decrease in density, revealing consistent beneficial interactions.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1059–1200

e1
“major cereals—maize ( + 51%), barley ( + 6%), and wheat ( + 1%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 760–823

Title

Ecological drivers of intercropping performance for enhanced global crop production

Marie Ruillé; Damien Beillouin; Rémi Prudhomme npj Sustainable Agriculture 2026. doi:10.1038/s44264-025-00110-z

Other claims from this paper (6)

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Drip-Irrigated Watermelon Under Organic Fertilizer Application 1

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

These growth measures first rose then fell with nitrogen under W3.

Taxon: WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
Treatment: increasing nitrogen applicatione0
Outcome: Vine length, stem diameter, and dry matter accumulatione0
Direction: initial increase followed by a decreasee0
Qualifier: W3 conditione0

Verbatim

e0
“Vine length, stem diameter, and dry matter accumulation increased with increasing nitrogen application under the W1 and W2 irrigation levels, but exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease under the W3 condition.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–964

t0
“Watermelon”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–111

Title

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Drip-Irrigated Watermelon Under Organic Fertilizer Application

Yufei Wu; Muhammad S. Ahmed; Shengnan Zhang; et al. Horticulturae 2026. doi:10.3390/horticulturae12010105

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect W2N2 produced the highest watermelon yield of 64,617.59 kg·ha−1.
Association Vine length, stem diameter and dry matter rose with nitrogen under W1 and W2.
Intervention effect W1N3 increased central sugar content by 15.69% versus CK.
Intervention effect W1N1 increased vitamin C accumulation by 49.88% over CK.
Observation Total water consumption ranged from 362.12 to 493.92 mm.
Intervention effect W1N3 gave maximum water use efficiency of 21.94 kg·m−3.
Intervention effect W1N3 gave maximum irrigation water use efficiency of 35.05 kg·m−3.
Intervention effect W3N1 gave the highest nitrogen partial factor productivity of 239.33 kg·kg−1.
Method / resource TOPSIS rated W1N3 highest in relative closeness, at 0.669.
Recommendation The authors identified W1N3 as the optimal water–nitrogen combination.

“yield decrease”

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Yield and yield components of maize response to high plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply 1

Regulation of grain yield and nutrient absorption of modern summer maize varieties in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers region 1

Effects of staged potassium application on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under reduced nitrogen conditions 1

Aplicação foliar de molibdênio e cobalto na soja cultura: rendimento e qualidade de sementes / Foliar application of molybdenum and cobalt in soybean crop: yield and seed quality 1

Mangueiras 'Tommy Atkins' submetidas à alta densidade de plantio em condições de clima tropical subúmido no Nordeste do Brasil. 1

Genetic variability, heritability, and expected gains for yield and forage quality in Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) populations. 1

Cooking quality of common beans as ifluenced by different nitrogen levels and time of application 1

Green Manure Intercropping with Reduced Chemical N Input Mitigates Yield-Scaled N2O Emissions in Arid Maize Systems 1

Ecological drivers of intercropping performance for enhanced global crop production 1

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Yield, Quality, and Water Use Efficiency of Drip-Irrigated Watermelon Under Organic Fertilizer Application 1