Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The finite rate of increase λ decreased by 10.1% in the treated group.

Taxon: cowpeasVigna unguiculatae0
Treatment: treated groupe1
Interactor: Megalurothrips usitatusMegalurothrips usitatuse0pest
Outcome: finite rate of increase (λ)e2
Direction: decreasede2
Value: 10.1%e2
Qualifier: from 1.2849 ± 0.0001 to 1.1564 ± 0.0001e2
Comparator: water controle1

Verbatim

e0
“Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) is a major pest of cowpeas that severely affects their yield and quality”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–106

e1
“Compared with the water control, the F4 generation from the treated group exhibited significantly shortened 1st and 2nd instar nymphal durations, as well as the total egg-to-adult period”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1193–1379

e2
“the finite rate of increase (λ) decreased from 1.2849 ± 0.0001 to 1.1564 ± 0.0001 (10.1% decrease)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1954–2052

Title

Analysis of the Sublethal Effects of Spinetoram on Megalurothrips usitatus Across Multiple Generations Using the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Method

Rui Gong; Lifei Huang; Wenjie Huang; et al. Agriculture 2026. doi:10.3390/agriculture16111164

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect After three generations of LC25 stress, M. usitatus resistance to spinetoram reached a ratio of 2.7.
Intervention effect In the F4 generation from the treated group, the 1st and 2nd instar nymphal durations were significantly shortened.
Intervention effect In the F4 generation from the treated group, the prepupal duration was significantly prolonged.
Intervention effect Adult longevity in F4 females decreased by 32.1% in the treated group.
Intervention effect Adult longevity in F4 males decreased by 18.0% in the treated group.
Intervention effect Mean fecundity per female decreased by 86.0% in the treated group.
Intervention effect The net reproductive rate R0 decreased by 89.5% in the treated group.
Intervention effect The intrinsic rate of increase r decreased by 40.0% in the treated group.
Intervention effect The mean generation time T was shortened by 13.2% in the treated group.
Intervention effect Age-stage-specific life expectancy was significantly reduced across all developmental stages in the treated group.
Intervention effect The peak age stage-specific reproductive value was significantly lower and occurred earlier in the treated group.
Intervention effect The peak values of the age-specific survival rate lx and of the fecundity fx and mx curves were significantly lower in the treated group.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Co-inoculation with adapted Azospirillum brasilense and Saccharomyces cerevisiae gave the highest significant increase in tomato plant height compared with un-inoculated control plants.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: co-inoculated with adapted strain of A. brasilense and S. cerevisiaee3
Interactor: A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee3symbiont
Second interactor: S. cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaee3symbiont
Outcome: plant highe3
Direction: increasee3
Value: 115 cme3
Qualifier: 43.3 cme3
Comparator: un-inoculated control plantse3

Verbatim

e3
“Plants co-inoculated with adapted strain of A. brasilense and S. cerevisiae showed the highest significant (p < 0.01) increase in fruit yield (1166.6 g/plant), plant high (115 cm) and roots length (52.6) compared whit un-inoculated control plants (42 g/pant, 43.3 cm and 29.6 cm, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1167–1460

t0
“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 114–146

Title

Azospirillum brasilense and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as Alternative for Decrease the Effect of Salinity Stress in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Growth

Ali Abdelmoteleb; Daniel Gonzalez-Mendoza; Ahmed Mohamed Elbaalawy Phyton 2021. doi:10.32604/phyton.2022.016227

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Co-inoculation with adapted Azospirillum brasilense and Saccharomyces cerevisiae gave the highest significant increase in tomato root length compared with un-inoculated control plants.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: co-inoculated with adapted strain of A. brasilense and S. cerevisiaee3
Interactor: A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee3symbiont
Second interactor: S. cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaee3symbiont
Outcome: roots lengthe3
Direction: increasee3
Value: 52.6e3
Qualifier: 29.6 cme3
Comparator: un-inoculated control plantse3

Verbatim

e3
“Plants co-inoculated with adapted strain of A. brasilense and S. cerevisiae showed the highest significant (p < 0.01) increase in fruit yield (1166.6 g/plant), plant high (115 cm) and roots length (52.6) compared whit un-inoculated control plants (42 g/pant, 43.3 cm and 29.6 cm, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1167–1460

t0
“Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 114–146

Title

Azospirillum brasilense and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as Alternative for Decrease the Effect of Salinity Stress in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Growth

Ali Abdelmoteleb; Daniel Gonzalez-Mendoza; Ahmed Mohamed Elbaalawy Phyton 2021. doi:10.32604/phyton.2022.016227

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Full irrigation until the start of pod filling-maturation, then ending irrigation, saved 38% water compared with full irrigation.

Taxon: dry beane0
Treatment: performing full irrigation till initial of the filling-maturation cycle and then ending irrigatione6
Outcome: water savinge7
Direction: decreaseinferrede7
Value: 38%e7
Comparator: full irrigatione7

Verbatim

e0
“field experiment was performed to determine the response of dry bean to the water deficiency in different growth stages at Konya plain of Turkey”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 330–474

e6
“performing full irrigation till initial of the filling-maturation cycle and then ending irrigation can be highly recommended as ideal”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1640–1773

e7
“it resulted water saving of 38%, and rise 27% in irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) as well as 20% seed yield loss by comparison to full irrigation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1778–1929

Title

The response of dry bean to water stress at various growth cycles in a semi-arid region

Nurcan Yavuz Selcuk Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences 2021. doi:10.15316/sjafs.2021.234

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trichoderma album reduced R. solani (RS1) growth by 40.77%, after T. viride.

Taxon: CucumberCucumis sativuse0
Treatment: Trichoderma albume4
Interactor: R. solani (RS1)Rhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
Second interactor: Trichoderma albumTrichoderma albume4biocontrol_agent
Outcome: growth reduction percentagee2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2
Value: 40.77%e4
Setting: in vitroe5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Cucumber is regrettably greatly impacted by a variety of diseases in the field, which results in significant yield losses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–121

e1
“When compared with the control, R. solani (RS1)'s growth was inhibited by all the biocontrol agents in use”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 898–1004

e2
“In terms of growth reduction percentage, Trichoderma viride was the most effective antagonistic fungus (50.33%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1006–1117

e4
“followed by Trichoderma album (40.77%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1157

e5
“Five biological agents were examined for their antagonistic effects on the growth of R. solani (RS1) in vitro”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 428–537

Title

Effectiveness of Selected Biological Agents, Chemical Inducers, and Fungicides in Managing Cucumber Root Rot Disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani

Hala Ghoniem; Raouf Fawzy; Gehad Elhabaa; et al. Egyptian Journal of Crop Protection 2023. doi:10.21608/ejcp.2023.217010.1019

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Biocontrol agents inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia solani (RS1) compared with the control in vitro.
Intervention effect Trichoderma viride was the most effective antagonistic fungus, with 50.33% growth reduction of R. solani (RS1).
Intervention effect Every tested fungicide increased total, conjugated and free phenols in cucumber.
Intervention effect Every tested fungicide increased peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and chitinase in cucumber.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under low water availability, automated irrigation promoted plant and soil water deficits.

Taxon: nectarinePrunus persica var. nucipersicat0
Treatment: T-A treatment (subjected to MAD = 10% during pre-harvest and 30% during post-harvest)e0
Outcome: plant and soil water deficitse0
Direction: promotede0
Qualifier: low water availability scenarioe0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“In the low water availability scenario, the T-A treatment (subjected to MAD = 10% during pre-harvest and 30% during post-harvest) received 43% less water than the control, which promoted moderate plant and soil water deficits, leading to a decrease in vegetative growth (winter pruning weight and tree canopy cover), without compromising the total yield and nectarine fruit quality parameters (including an increase in t…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1569–2021

t0
“nectarine orchard”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–117

Title

Automated soil water content-based irrigation under high and low water availability scenarios for a nectarine orchard

María R. Conesa; Wenceslao Conejero; Juan Vera; et al. 2021. doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11033

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in plant-soil water status.
Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in vegetative growth.
Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in yield.
Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in nectarine fruit quality parameters.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation less water by 43%.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation decrease vegetative growth.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation without compromising total yield.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation without compromising nectarine fruit quality parameters.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation increase total soluble solid content.
Intervention effect Crop water use efficiency increased by an average of 34%.
Recommendation The authors considered automated MAD-threshold irrigation promising for water-scarce stone fruit orchards.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Under low water availability, automated irrigation without compromising nectarine fruit quality parameters.

Taxon: nectarinePrunus persica var. nucipersicat0
Treatment: T-A treatment (subjected to MAD = 10% during pre-harvest and 30% during post-harvest)e0
Outcome: nectarine fruit quality parameterse0
Direction: without compromisinge0
Qualifier: low water availability scenarioe0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“In the low water availability scenario, the T-A treatment (subjected to MAD = 10% during pre-harvest and 30% during post-harvest) received 43% less water than the control, which promoted moderate plant and soil water deficits, leading to a decrease in vegetative growth (winter pruning weight and tree canopy cover), without compromising the total yield and nectarine fruit quality parameters (including an increase in t…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1569–2021

t0
“nectarine orchard”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–117

Title

Automated soil water content-based irrigation under high and low water availability scenarios for a nectarine orchard

María R. Conesa; Wenceslao Conejero; Juan Vera; et al. 2021. doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11033

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in plant-soil water status.
Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in vegetative growth.
Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in yield.
Intervention effect Under high water availability, automated and conventional irrigation showed no significant difference in nectarine fruit quality parameters.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation less water by 43%.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation promoted plant and soil water deficits.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation decrease vegetative growth.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation without compromising total yield.
Intervention effect Under low water availability, automated irrigation increase total soluble solid content.
Intervention effect Crop water use efficiency increased by an average of 34%.
Recommendation The authors considered automated MAD-threshold irrigation promising for water-scarce stone fruit orchards.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbicide application 5 weeks after planting achieved weed control of 71.80 and 74.08% after 30 and 60 days.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume2
Treatment: second date of application herbicides (5 weeks after Planting)e2
Outcome: weed control percentagee1
Direction: increaseinferrede1
Value: 71.80 and 74.08 %e1
Comparator: the two periods of 3 And 7 weeks after plantinge3

Verbatim

e1
“This period showed a decrease in the number of weeds, reaching 17.83 and 23.50 plants m −2, thus achieving a weed control percentage of 71.80 and 74.08 % after 30 and 60 days of spraying, respectively”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 1028–1229

e2
“the second date of application herbicides (5 weeks after Planting) was superior in affecting the weeds accompanying the wheat crop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 839–969

e3
“It also was superior in the trait of the total grain yield, achieving 2.078 t ha −1 and the weed index, recording 17.62% compared to the two periods of 3 And 7 weeks after planting, which recorded lower averages”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1479–1690

Title

Evaluation of the Herbicide Tarzec Performance Under Different Application Time (The Yield and Its Components of Wheat)

Nesoor Adil Jassem; Suhad Mathkoor A. Safi; Watheq Falhi Hammood IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 2025. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1487/1/012081

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Herbicide application 5 weeks after planting decreased weed number to 17.83 and 23.50 plants m −2.
Intervention effect The 5-week application gave spike number of 301.25 spikes m −2, the best average.
Intervention effect The 5-week application gave 43.33 grains per spike, the best average.
Intervention effect The 5-week application gave 1000-grain weight of 41.36 g, with no significant difference from the other two periods.
Intervention effect The 5-week application gave the superior total grain yield of 2.078 t ha −1.
Intervention effect The 5-week application gave the superior weed index of 17.62%.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave the lowest weed density, 1.4 and 5.1 plants m −2.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave weed control of 82.42 and 94.47% after 30 and 60 days.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave 316.2 spikes m −2, a high average compared with the weedy treatment.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave 42.8 grains per spike, a high average compared with the weedy treatment.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave 1000-grain weight of 40.57 g, a high average compared with the weedy treatment.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave total grain yield of 2.262 t h −1, a high average compared with the weedy treatment.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 gave weed index of 10.64%, a high average compared with the weedy treatment.
Intervention effect Herbicide at 90 g ha −1 applied 5 weeks after planting gave a positive response and the best averages for the traits.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genotypes KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 showed the lowest relative increase in Na+ accumulation (20.3 and 0.48%) at 50 mM salinity compared with control.

Taxon: chickpeaCicer arietinume0
Material: Genotype KK-2 and Bhakkar-11e1
Treatment: 50 mM salinitye1
Outcome: relative increase in Na+ accumulatione1
Direction: loweste1
Value: 20.3 and 0.48%e1
Comparator: controle1

Verbatim

e0
“5 genotypes of chickpea (KK-2, Bhakkar-2011, Bittle-98, Punjab-2008, and CM-98)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 683–762

e1
“Genotype KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 showed a lower rate of relative decrease in yield (4.5 and 12%), K+/Na+ ratio (23.34 and 11.47%), and K+ concentration (7.9 and 11%), respectively, and the lowest relative increase in Na+ accumulation (20.3 and 0.48%), @ 50 mM salinity compared to control”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1493–1777

Title

Biochemical, physiological, and growth evaluation of different chickpea genotypes under varying salinity regimes

J. Gul; M. Ullah Brazilian Journal of Biology 2022. doi:10.1590/1519-6984.268350

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Salinity reduced the growth and yield of all chickpea genotypes.
Observation The rate of decrease in growth and yield under salinity differed among the chickpea genotypes tested.
Intervention effect Potassium concentration and K/Na ratio decreased in all chickpea genotypes with increasing salinity.
Intervention effect Transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased in all chickpea genotypes with increasing salinity.
Intervention effect Nitrogen and phosphorus decreased in all chickpea genotypes with increasing salinity.
Intervention effect Increased salinity increased proline content in chickpea by 35.45%.
Intervention effect Increased salinity increased crude protein in chickpea by 42%.
Intervention effect Increased salinity increased H2O2 in chickpea by 19%.
Intervention effect Increased salinity increased lipid peroxidation in chickpea by 62%.
Intervention effect Increased salinity increased carbohydrates in chickpea by 23.22%.
Intervention effect Increased salinity increased Na+ concentration in chickpea by 137%.
Observation The highest salinity level, 150 mM NaCl, produced the highest salinity stress in all parameters.
Intervention effect Genotypes KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 showed a lower relative decrease in yield (4.5 and 12%) at 50 mM salinity compared with control.
Intervention effect Genotypes KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 showed a lower relative decrease in K+/Na+ ratio (23.34 and 11.47%) at 50 mM salinity compared with control.
Intervention effect Genotypes KK-2 and Bhakkar-11 showed a lower relative decrease in K+ concentration (7.9 and 11%) at 50 mM salinity compared with control.
Recommendation The critical salinity level must be kept in mind and salt-tolerant genotypes should be cultivated in salt-affected soils.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Whiteheads decreased across the May, June and July plantings (7.9, 6.6 and 4.8 %).

Taxon: riceOryza sativae3
Material: Sakha Super 300e3
Treatment: May 1st, June 1st and July 1st plantationse1
Interactor: Chilo agammnon Bles.e5pest
Outcome: whiteheadse1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1
Value: 7.9, 6.6 and 4.8 %e1
Setting: Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypte2

Verbatim

e1
“Averages of dead hearts, caused by the rice stem borer were 7.2, 6.6 and 4.6 %, and those of whiteheads were 7.9, 6.6 and 4.8 % for May 1st, June 1st and July 1st plantations, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1404–1592

e2
“Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 40–131

e3
“in Sakha Super 300 rice cultivar”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 469–501

e5
“rice stem borer, Chilo agammnon Bles.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 431–468

Title

Influence of Sowing Dates and Nitrogen Fertilization Levels on Rice Yield and Insect Infestation of Sakha Super 300 Rice Cultivar

Taha, S.; H. Saleh; Eman Bleih Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany/Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany 2021. doi:10.21608/eajbsh.2021.158820

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Rice planted earlier had higher plant height, days to heading and filled grains per panicle.
Intervention effect Rice planted earlier had higher panicle weight, 1000-grain weight and grain yield.
Intervention effect The number of panicles per hill was highest at June 1st planting.
Intervention effect Fertility percentage was highest at June 1st planting.
Intervention effect Fertility percentage was lowest at May 1st planting.
Intervention effect Increasing nitrogen level increased the values of all traits, except fertility and 1000-grain weight.
Intervention effect Rice leaf miner infestation increased as planting was later.
Observation Planting on May 1st gave 21.80 and 23.42 infested leaves per 100 rice leaves.
Association Leaf miner infestation was highest, at 44.45 and 46.00 per 100 rice leaves in 2019 and 2020.
Association Percentages of leaf miner mines followed the same trend as infested leaves.
Intervention effect Increasing the nitrogen fertilization dose increased the percentages of leaf miner infested leaves and mines.
Association Dead hearts caused by the stem borer decreased across the May, June and July plantings (7.2, 6.6 and 4.6 %).
Association Stem borer infestation increased with nitrogen level.
Recommendation Sowing rice early (during May) with moderate nitrogen (69 kg N/fed.) is recommended to avoid severe leaf miner and stem borer infestations.

“yield decrease”

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