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“yield decrease”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean plant-height change per cycle was −1,06.

Treatment: selectione1
Outcome: plant heighte0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: −1,06e0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Gains per cycle, averaged over the eight populations for yield, days to silk, plant height, ear height, ear rating, and ears per plant were 1.31, −0.59, −1,06, −1.77, −1.15, and 0.87%, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–536

e1
“In all environments, the latest cycles of selection yielded higher than CO.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–769

Title

Progress from Selection in Eight Tropical Maize Populations Using International Testing¹

Shivaji Pandey; A. O. Diallo; T. M. T. Islam; et al. Crop Science 1986. doi:10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600050009x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Mean grain-yield gain per selection cycle was 1.31%.
Intervention effect Mean days to silk changed by −0.59 per cycle.
Intervention effect Mean ear-height change per cycle was −1.77.
Intervention effect Mean ear-rating change per cycle was −1.15.
Intervention effect Mean ears-per-plant gain per cycle was 0.87%.
Intervention effect Latest selection cycles yielded more than C0 in all environments.
Recommendation The authors judged full-sib selection effective for maize population improvement.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean ear-height change per cycle was −1.77.

Treatment: selectione1
Outcome: ear heighte0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: −1.77e0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Gains per cycle, averaged over the eight populations for yield, days to silk, plant height, ear height, ear rating, and ears per plant were 1.31, −0.59, −1,06, −1.77, −1.15, and 0.87%, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–536

e1
“In all environments, the latest cycles of selection yielded higher than CO.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–769

Title

Progress from Selection in Eight Tropical Maize Populations Using International Testing¹

Shivaji Pandey; A. O. Diallo; T. M. T. Islam; et al. Crop Science 1986. doi:10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600050009x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Mean grain-yield gain per selection cycle was 1.31%.
Intervention effect Mean days to silk changed by −0.59 per cycle.
Intervention effect Mean plant-height change per cycle was −1,06.
Intervention effect Mean ear-rating change per cycle was −1.15.
Intervention effect Mean ears-per-plant gain per cycle was 0.87%.
Intervention effect Latest selection cycles yielded more than C0 in all environments.
Recommendation The authors judged full-sib selection effective for maize population improvement.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean ear-rating change per cycle was −1.15.

Treatment: selectione1
Outcome: ear ratinge0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: −1.15e0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Gains per cycle, averaged over the eight populations for yield, days to silk, plant height, ear height, ear rating, and ears per plant were 1.31, −0.59, −1,06, −1.77, −1.15, and 0.87%, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–536

e1
“In all environments, the latest cycles of selection yielded higher than CO.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–769

Title

Progress from Selection in Eight Tropical Maize Populations Using International Testing¹

Shivaji Pandey; A. O. Diallo; T. M. T. Islam; et al. Crop Science 1986. doi:10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600050009x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Mean grain-yield gain per selection cycle was 1.31%.
Intervention effect Mean days to silk changed by −0.59 per cycle.
Intervention effect Mean plant-height change per cycle was −1,06.
Intervention effect Mean ear-height change per cycle was −1.77.
Intervention effect Mean ears-per-plant gain per cycle was 0.87%.
Intervention effect Latest selection cycles yielded more than C0 in all environments.
Recommendation The authors judged full-sib selection effective for maize population improvement.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Crop loads above 12 were associated with reduced bud fertility and pruning weight.

Taxon: Carignanee0
Treatment: crop loads above 12e6
Outcome: bud fertility, and pruning weighte5
Direction: decreaseinferrede6

Verbatim

e0
“Three crop levels were induced by cluster thinning in a high yielding Carignane vineyard”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–88

e6
“crop loads above 12 have conspicious effects of overcropping, i.e., reduced wine quality, color quality and intensity and total ash”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 732–863

e5
“bud fertility, and pruning weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1007–1040

Title

Effect of Crop Level on Growth, Yield and Wine Quality of a High Yielding Carignane Vineyard

B. Bravdo; Y. Hepner; C. Loinger; et al. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 1984. doi:10.5344/ajev.1984.35.4.247

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Reducing cluster number from about 60 to 40 per vine did not reduce yield.
Intervention effect Reducing cluster number from about 60 to 40 per vine increased berry size and number per cluster.
Intervention effect Thinning to 20 clusters per vine reduced yields.
Intervention effect Crop load reduction from 19.6 to 12.0 kg fruit per kg prunings increased wine quality.
Intervention effect A further reduction to 8 kg fruit per kg prunings did not increase wine quality further.
Association Crop loads above 12 were associated with reduced wine quality, color quality and intensity, and total ash.
Association Crop loads above 12 were associated with delayed maturation.
Association Crop loads above 12 were associated with reduced sugar accumulation rate, must acid concentration at comparable sugar content, and proline and amino acids content.
Intervention effect Pruning weight of the thinned treatment was increased.
Intervention effect Capacity of the vines was increased in the thinned treatment.
Method / resource The yield to pruning weight ratio was found to be a good measure of crop load.
Association The crop load ratio had a more relevant effect on wine quality than the crop level in high yielding cultivars.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

NaN03-soluble soil nickel better predicted increases in lettuce leaf nickel concentration than total or CaCl2-soluble soil nickel.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae0
Treatment: NaN03‐soluble soil Nie0
Outcome: increase in Ni‐concentration of lettuce leavese0
Direction: better suitede0
Qualifier: irrespective of soil typee0
Comparator: total soil Ni (Added+ Native) and CaCl2 soluble soil Nie0

Verbatim

e0
“NaN03‐soluble soil Ni, irrespective of soil type, is better suited to predict the decrease in yield and increase in Ni‐concentration of lettuce leaves as compared to total soil Ni (Added+ Native) and CaCl2 soluble soil Ni.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 489–711

Title

The effect of graded doses of nickel on the yield, the nickel content of lettuce and the soil respiration

S.K. Gupta; H. Hani; E. Santschi; et al. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Reviews 1987. doi:10.1080/02772248709357189

Other claims from this paper (4)

Association Lettuce nickel uptake percentage was lower in neutral to alkaline soils than acid sandy soils.
Method / resource NaN03-soluble soil nickel better predicted lettuce yield decrease than total or CaCl2-soluble soil nickel.
Intervention effect Carbon mineralisation fell to 20% at 90 mg total soil nickel per kg dry acid sandy loam soil.
Observation The nickel no-effect level was 27 mg total soil nickel per kg dry soil.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increased seeding rates significantly increased rice plant population.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae5
Treatment: increased seeding ratese3
Outcome: rice plant populatione3
Direction: increasee3
Comparator: lower seeding ratee3

Verbatim

e3
“A significant increase in rice plant population and panicle density with the increased seeding rates was offset by a corresponding decrease in number of seeds per panicle and rough rice yield, and an increase in tillering at the lower seeding rate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1293–1540

e5
“maximizing yields in sprinkler‐irrigated rice ( Oryza sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 164–228

Title

Herbicides and Seeding Rate Effects on Sprinkler‐Irrigated Rice¹

K. H. Akkari; R. E. Talbert; J. A. Ferguson; et al. Agronomy Journal 1986. doi:10.2134/agronj1986.00021962007800050036x

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Both herbicide programs controlled barnyardgrass.
Intervention effect Both herbicide programs controlled broadleaf signalgrass.
Intervention effect Both herbicide programs controlled large crabgrass.
Intervention effect Both herbicide programs controlled common cocklebur.
Intervention effect Both herbicide programs controlled smooth pigweed.
Intervention effect Propanil plus oxadiazon controlled pitted morningglory, whereas propanil alone did not.
Intervention effect Propanil plus oxadiazon controlled prickly sida, whereas propanil alone did not.
Intervention effect Increased seeding rates significantly increased panicle density.
Intervention effect Increased seeding rates decreased the number of seeds per panicle.
Intervention effect Increased seeding rates decreased rough rice yield.
Intervention effect The lower seeding rate increased tillering relative to the increased seeding rates.
Recommendation The recommended seeding rate for sprinkler-irrigated rice should be reduced to between 50 and 100 kg/ha.
Recommendation Reduced seeding rates must be accompanied by timely and effective herbicide programs.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean days to silk changed by −0.59 per cycle.

Treatment: selectione1
Outcome: days to silke0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Value: −0.59e0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Gains per cycle, averaged over the eight populations for yield, days to silk, plant height, ear height, ear rating, and ears per plant were 1.31, −0.59, −1,06, −1.77, −1.15, and 0.87%, respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–536

e1
“In all environments, the latest cycles of selection yielded higher than CO.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–769

Title

Progress from Selection in Eight Tropical Maize Populations Using International Testing¹

Shivaji Pandey; A. O. Diallo; T. M. T. Islam; et al. Crop Science 1986. doi:10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600050009x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Mean grain-yield gain per selection cycle was 1.31%.
Intervention effect Mean plant-height change per cycle was −1,06.
Intervention effect Mean ear-height change per cycle was −1.77.
Intervention effect Mean ear-rating change per cycle was −1.15.
Intervention effect Mean ears-per-plant gain per cycle was 0.87%.
Intervention effect Latest selection cycles yielded more than C0 in all environments.
Recommendation The authors judged full-sib selection effective for maize population improvement.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Abscisic acid did not alter the net photosynthesis stimulation caused by reducing oxygen partial pressure at rate-limiting irradiance.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment: abscisic acide1
Outcome: stimulation of net photosynthesise0
Direction: did not affecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“soybean leaves simultaneously decreased quantum yield and carboxylation efficiency. These decreases were proportional to the accompanying decrease of light-saturated photosynthetic rate under normal atmosphere. ABA did not affect the CO2 compensation point at saturating irradiance, or the stimulation of net photosynthesis produced when the partial pressure of oxygen was reduced from 210 to 20 mPa Pa−1 at a rate-limit…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 59–493

e1
“Injecting abscisic acid (ABA) into the petiole of attached soybean leaves simultaneously decreased quantum yield and carboxylation efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–141

Title

Abscisic Acid Simultaneously Decreases Carboxylation Efficiency and Quantum Yield in Attached Soybean Leaves

DAVID A. WARD; JAMES A. BUNCE Journal of Experimental Botany 1987. doi:10.1093/jxb/38.7.1182

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Abscisic acid decreased quantum yield in attached soybean leaves.
Intervention effect Abscisic acid decreased carboxylation efficiency in attached soybean leaves.
Intervention effect The decreases in quantum yield and carboxylation efficiency were proportional to the decrease in light-saturated photosynthetic rate.
Intervention effect Abscisic acid did not affect the CO2 compensation point at saturating irradiance.
Intervention effect The activation status of RuBP carboxylase was insensitive to abscisic acid.
Intervention effect Abscisic acid decreased photosynthetic capacity in soybean leaves.
Intervention effect Abscisic acid increased RuBP content in soybean leaves at saturating irradiance under normal atmosphere.
Intervention effect The increase in RuBP content was proportional to inhibition of photosynthetic capacity.
Intervention effect Photosynthetic rate of abscisic-acid-treated leaves did not increase after irradiance rose within the light-limited range.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The grain size response of normal-height wheats to applications ranged from little change to a significant increase.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Material: normal-height wheatse3
Treatment: all applicationse3
Outcome: grain sizee3
Direction: increasee3
Qualifier: ranged from little change to a significant increasee3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“wheats”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–83

e3
“There was a general decrease in the mean grain size of semi-dwarf wheats with all applications, while the response of the normal-height wheats ranged from little change to a significant increase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–826

Title

Grain yield responses to applied gibberellin in normal-height and semi-dwarf wheats

MS Rahman; RG Flood; GM Halloran Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 1981. doi:10.1071/ar9810243

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Applied GA3 decreased grain yield per head in wheat.
Intervention effect Applied GA3 decreased grain number in wheat.
Intervention effect Applying GA3 to the leaves alone at heading increased yield in two normal-height wheats due to increased grain number.
Intervention effect Applying GA3 jointly to the leaves and head at anthesis increased yield in two normal-height wheats due to increased grain number.
Intervention effect Applications decreased the mean grain size of semi-dwarf wheats.
Observation No distinct group differences in yield response were found between normal-height and semidwarf wheats.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil acidity (pH 4.5) decreased Zn content of Panicum maximum.

Taxon: Panicum maximumMegathyrsus maximuse0
Treatment: Soil acidity (pH 4,5 in water)e2
Outcome: Zn contente2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Panicum maximum Jacq. was evaluated in pots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 208–251

e2
“Soil acidity (pH 4,5 in water) adversely affected DM yield as well as the crude protein (CP), P, Ca and Zn content of the above ground phytomass”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 364–508

Title

Influence of soil PH and fertilization on the dry matter production, chemical composition and digestibility of perennial grasses : II panicum maximum JACQ

L G Du Pisani; W L J Van Rensburg; D P J Opperman Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 1986. doi:10.1080/02566702.1986.9648045

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation Panicum maximum grew best on a neutral to slightly alkaline soil (pH 6.5 to 7.5 in water).
Intervention effect Soil acidity (pH 4.5) decreased dry matter yield of Panicum maximum.
Intervention effect Soil acidity (pH 4.5) decreased crude protein, P and Ca content of Panicum maximum.
Intervention effect Fertilization increased dry matter production and crude protein content of Panicum maximum.
Intervention effect Fertilization increased Zn content and organic matter digestibility of Panicum maximum.

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“yield decrease”

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