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“yield decrease”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Virus infection lowered cotton yield through decreased boll weight.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutume0
Treatment: virus infectione1
Interactor: viruse1pathogen
Outcome: boll weighte2
Direction: decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The effects of cotton leaf crumple disease on components of yield and on symptom expression were examined for cotton inoculated at five growth stages”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–149

e1
“As a result of virus infection, the total leaf area was reduced and significant reductions in yield were observed, regardless of plant age at time of inoculation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 151–312

e2
“Yield reductions resulted from a smaller number of bolls set and/or a decrease in boll weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 314–407

Title

The Effects of Cotton Leaf Crumple on Greenhouse-Grown Cotton Incoulated at Five Growth Stages

J. D. Mihail; Judith K. Brown; M. R. Nelson UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) 1987

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Virus infection reduced total leaf area of greenhouse-grown cotton.
Intervention effect Virus infection caused significant reductions in cotton yield regardless of plant age at inoculation.
Intervention effect Virus infection lowered cotton yield through a smaller number of bolls set.
Intervention effect Cotton inoculated at all five growth stages showed foliar symptoms.
Intervention effect Foliar symptoms appeared sooner in cotton inoculated at the 2-3, 5-8 and 8-10 leaf stages than at the 14-16 or 18-20 leaf stages.
Intervention effect Foliar symptoms were more severe in cotton inoculated at the 2-3, 5-8 and 8-10 leaf stages than at the 14-16 or 18-20 leaf stages.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total nitrogen extractability decreased linearly with age.

Taxon: winged beanPsophocarpus tetragonolobust0
Outcome: total and protein nitrogen extractabilitye0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“A linear decrease with age was noted for the total and protein nitrogen extractability of this crop whereas the nitrogen percentage in dry matter of leaves and the extractable leaf protein yield gave a quadratic response.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 308–529

t0
“winged bean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 70–81

Title

Studies on yield, extracted leaf protein and deproteinised extract of winged bean grown as a biennial crop

Anjana Banerjee; Sunanda Chanda; Bibhas C. Sasmal; et al. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1986. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740370811

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Dry top yield increased curvilinearly with time following logistic growth.
Observation Protein nitrogen extractability decreased linearly with age.
Observation Leaf dry matter nitrogen percentage showed a quadratic response with age.
Observation Extractable leaf protein yield showed a quadratic response with age.
Observation Extracted leaf proteins contained 61.9–85.3% protein.
Observation Extracted leaf proteins contained 4.6–12.8% fat.
Observation Extracted leaf proteins contained 0.2–4.6% ash.
Observation Extracted leaf proteins contained 0.5–2.7% crude fibre.
Observation Extracted leaf proteins contained 34.2–43.7 mg 100 g −1 β‐carotene.
Observation Deproteinised juice was suitable as a microbial growth medium.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Complete husk leaf removal significantly reduced grain yield in four of the six maize genotypes, by 2.6% on average.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: complete husk leaf removale4
Outcome: yielde4
Direction: decreasee4
Value: 2.6%e4
Qualifier: four of the six genotypese4
Comparator: left intact (check)e5

Verbatim

e0
“in hybrid seed production of maize ( Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 45–94

e4
“The decrease in yield due to complete husk leaf removal was significant for four of the six genotypes, and the average reduction was 2.6% (1.2 q/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1038–1186

e5
“the husk leaves were either left intact (check) or removed when they are fully extended”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–831

Title

Contribution of Husk Leaves to Maize Grain Yield¹

R. G. Cantrell; J. L. Geadelmann Crop Science 1981. doi:10.2135/cropsci1981.0011183x002100040017x

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Removing only the tassel and the top two leaves before anthesis reduced maize grain yield by 9.2% on average.
Intervention effect Removing all tissue above the uppermost ear before anthesis caused an average maize grain yield loss of 50.2%.
Intervention effect The contribution of husk leaves to grain yield was similar across the detasseling treatments.
Recommendation Selecting seed parent inbreds for husk leaf area similar to the studied ones would not greatly offset detasseling yield losses.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Smaller pots reduced vegetative growth.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: growing the plants in small potse0
Outcome: vegetative growthe0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Reduction of root growth resulting from growing the plants in small pots was accompanied by a considerable decrease in vegetative growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–324

t0
“Root Effects on Cotton Growth and Yield1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–40

Title

Root Effects on Cotton Growth and Yield¹

Avner Carmi; Joseph Shalhevet Crop Science 1983. doi:10.2135/cropsci1983.0011183x002300050014x

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Smaller pots increased proportional reproductive dry weight.
Association Shoot weight and stem length correlated positively with root zone volume.
Association Seed cotton to vegetative dry weight ratio increased as shoot growth decreased.
Intervention effect Restricted roots produced compact plants with short internodes and fewer leaves.
Intervention effect Restricted roots produced high boll to vegetative dry weight ratios.
Intervention effect Shoot N, P and K did not differ significantly across root zone volumes.
Intervention effect Leaf water potential and stomatal resistance did not differ significantly across root zone volumes.
Mechanism The authors attributed growth differences to root system development affected by pot capacity.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced radiation decreased differentiated secondary rachis branches and spikelets.

Taxon: RiceOryza sativat0
Outcome: number of differentiated secondary rachis branches and spikeletse0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“due to the decrease of the number of differentiated secondary rachis branches and spikelets”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 578–669

t0
“Lowlam Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 58–69

Title

The Climatic Influence on Spikelet Formation and Yield of Lowlam Rice II. Climatic Consumptive Effect for Spikelet Formation

Jong‐Chul Lee; Su-Bong Ahn The Korean Journal of Crop Science 1984

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect Reduced radiation at reproductive growth decreased spikelets per panicle.
Observation Reduced radiation increased degenerated secondary rachis branches and spikelets.
Association Reproductive-stage CCI had slight negative correlation with panicles per square meter.
Association Reproductive-stage CCI had slight negative correlation with differentiated secondary rachis branches.
Association Reproductive-stage CCI positively correlated with degenerated secondary rachis branches and spikelets.
Association Reproductive-stage CCI negatively correlated with differentiated spikelets.
Intervention effect Reproductive-stage shading did not affect ripened grain percentage or hulled-rice thousand-grain weight.
Intervention effect Ripening-period shading decreased ripened grain percentage and hulled-rice thousand-grain weight.
Observation Shading affected yield most during ripening, then reproductive growth, then tillering.
Observation Jinheung respiration exceeded Tongil at low temperature, reversing above 30.
Observation Tongil had respiratory coefficient 2.74.
Observation Jinheung had respiratory coefficient 1.96.
Observation Jinheung respiration/photosynthesis ratio exceeded Tongil at low temperature, reversing above 32.
Observation Tongil carbon-14 transport was restricted at 20/10.
Observation At 30/20, carbon-14 transport did not differ between Tongil and Jinheung.
Intervention effect Shading did not affect carbon-14 transport at 20/10.
Intervention effect Shading hampered carbon-14 transport at 30/20 in both varieties.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Protein and chlorophyll content decreased in Esquilache.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Material: Esquilachee0
Outcome: protein and chlorophyll contente0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“A decrease in protein and chlorophyll content was also observed in the cv. Esquilache and in L. rigidum.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 783–887

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–103

Title

Differential effects of isoproturon on the photosynthetic apparatus and yield of two varieties of wheat and L. rigidum

M. R. De FELIPE; M. P. GOLVANO; M. M. LUCAS; et al. Weed Research 1988. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1988.tb00790.x

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Isoproturon strongly altered photosynthetic apparatus ultrastructure in Esquilache.
Observation Castan showed slight grana and intergrana disorganization after isoproturon.
Intervention effect Isoproturon reduced ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activity.
Observation Protein and chlorophyll content decreased in Lolium rigidum.
Observation Castan had much weaker alterations, with no protein loss.
Intervention effect Treated Castan yielded slightly more than control in two years.
Intervention effect Esquilache yield was significantly lower with herbicide applied at tillering onset in a dry first year.
Intervention effect Later herbicide application in a wet second year did not significantly reduce Esquilache yield.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Protein and chlorophyll content decreased in Lolium rigidum.

Taxon: L. rigidumLolium rigidume0
Outcome: protein and chlorophyll contente0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“A decrease in protein and chlorophyll content was also observed in the cv. Esquilache and in L. rigidum.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 783–887

Title

Differential effects of isoproturon on the photosynthetic apparatus and yield of two varieties of wheat and L. rigidum

M. R. De FELIPE; M. P. GOLVANO; M. M. LUCAS; et al. Weed Research 1988. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1988.tb00790.x

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Isoproturon strongly altered photosynthetic apparatus ultrastructure in Esquilache.
Observation Castan showed slight grana and intergrana disorganization after isoproturon.
Intervention effect Isoproturon reduced ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase activity.
Observation Protein and chlorophyll content decreased in Esquilache.
Observation Castan had much weaker alterations, with no protein loss.
Intervention effect Treated Castan yielded slightly more than control in two years.
Intervention effect Esquilache yield was significantly lower with herbicide applied at tillering onset in a dry first year.
Intervention effect Later herbicide application in a wet second year did not significantly reduce Esquilache yield.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delayed N application had no effect or slightly decreased dry matter.

Treatment: Delayed N applicatione0
Outcome: DMe0
Direction: a slight decreasee0
Comparator: PLe0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“Delayed N application (8L or SP vs. PL) resulted in either no effect or a slight decrease in DM”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1147–1242

Title

Corn Yield and Residual Soil Nitrate as Affected by Time and Rate of Nitrogen Application

W. E. Jokela; G. W. Randall Agronomy Journal 1989. doi:10.2134/agronj1989.00021962008100050004x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Nitrogen increased corn grain and dry matter yield and N uptake in five of six site years.
Intervention effect Delayed N application had variable effects on N uptake by year and location.
Observation Residual soil nitrate was 50 to 70% lower in spring than fall.
Intervention effect Delaying high-rate N from planting to eight-leaf stage increased fall residual nitrate.
Association Unusually dry midsummers affected dry matter production, N uptake and residual nitrate.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shading did not reduce maximum spikelet number in Klein Toledo.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Material: Klein Toledoe0
Treatment: Shadinge0
Outcome: maximum spikelet numbere0
Direction: did not decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Shading did not decrease maximum spikelet number in the tall standard cultivar Klein Toledo”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 569–660

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 106–111

Title

Influence of shading during different periods upon ear development, grain yield and its components in two wheat cultivars

Daniel O. CALDIZ; Santiago J. SARANDÓN Agronomie 1988. doi:10.1051/agro:19880407

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing root reduction depth or percentage and reducing permeability lowered root growth throughout the season.

Taxon: CottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: root reductione0
Outcome: root growthe0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: throughout the seasone0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“With increase in the depth of root reduction or increase in the percentage of root reduction and with permeability reduction there was a decrease in the root growth throughout the season.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1144–1331

t0
“Yield Decline in Cotton.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–49

Title

Application of GOSSYM to Yield Decline in Cotton. I. Systems Analysis of Effects of Herbicides on Growth, Development, and Yield¹

V. R. Reddy; D. N. Baker; F. D. Whisler; et al. Agronomy Journal 1987. doi:10.2134/agronj1987.00021962007900010010x

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Moderate shallow root reduction gave a small predicted yield increase.
Intervention effect Deeper or greater root reduction predicted up to 40% less cotton lint yield.
Intervention effect Reduced water permeability combined with shorter roots enlarged the predicted lint yield decrease.
Intervention effect Unfavorable weather reduced predicted yield.
Intervention effect Increasing root reduction depth or level raised nitrogen and water shortages.
Recommendation The authors concluded improper herbicide application contributed to cotton yield decline.

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“yield decrease”

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