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“yield decrease”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

N increased the number of heads per unit area in wheat.

Taxon: semidwarf spring wheate0
Treatment: Ne2
Outcome: number of heads/unit areae2
Direction: increasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“growth and yield of semidwarf spring wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 407–449

e2
“The main effects of N on grain yield components were to increase the number of heads/unit area, increase the number of seeds/ head, and decrease the weight of individual seeds”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1123–1298

Title

Fertilization, Nutrient Composition, and Yield Relationships in Irrigated Spring Wheat¹

B. R. Gardner; E. B. Jackson Agronomy Journal 1976. doi:10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800010020x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Excessive N slightly decreased wheat yields compared with sufficient N in two experiments.
Intervention effect N increased the number of seeds per head in wheat.
Intervention effect N decreased the weight of individual wheat seeds.
Association Total N content in wheat grain increased with increased N applications.
Observation Minimum stem NO3-N levels for different growth stages were established for Southwestern Arizona conditions.
Method / resource Determination of P in the lower stem was not suitable for indicating the P status of the wheat crop.
Method / resource The NO3-N concentration in the lower 5 to 8 cm of the stem indicated the N status of the wheat plant.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Clipping at the 4-leaf stage reduced yield by 11%

Taxon: Zea mays L.Zea mayse0
Treatment: Clipping at the 4‐leaf stagee2
Outcome: Yielde5
Direction: reductionse5
Value: 11e5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The synchronization of flowering between parents for hybrid seed production is essential for maximum seed yield in corn ( Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–143

e2
“Clipping at the 4‐leaf stage gave the best combination of flowering delay with the least decrease in stand and yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–973

e5
“Yield reductions at these same clipping stages were 11, 38, and 46%”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 788–855

Title

Synchronization of Flowering in Corn (Zea mays L.) by Clipping Young Plants¹

F. D. Cloninger; M. S. Zuber; R. D. Horrocks Agronomy Journal 1974. doi:10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600020026x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage delayed anthesis by 5.5 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage delayed 50% silking by 5.5 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage delayed anthesis by 7.6 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage delayed 50% silking by 7.7 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage delayed anthesis by 6.7 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage delayed 50% silking by 7.1 days on average across single crosses
Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage reduced stands by 18%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage reduced stands by 44%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage reduced stands by 25%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 6-leaf stage reduced yield by 38%
Intervention effect Clipping at the 8-leaf stage reduced yield by 46%
Intervention effect Among single crosses, clipping at the 4-leaf stage gave a range of flowering delay of 4.2 to 6.8 days
Intervention effect Clipping at the 4-leaf stage gave the best combination of flowering delay with the least decrease in stand and yield
Observation The combining ability analysis indicated a complex inheritance pattern of factors associated with flowering dates in corn

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Critical manganese and iron contents linked to slight yield loss were estimated at about 10 and 100 ppm.

Taxon: cabbageBrassica oleracea var. capitatat0
Outcome: critical contents of Mn and Fe in plant-topse0
Value: about 10 and l00 ppme0

Verbatim

e0
“The critical contents of Mn and Fe in plant-tops which resulted in a slight decrease in the yield due to the deficient injury were estimated to be about 10 and l00 ppm”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–1041

t0
“cabbage plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 19–33

Title

Growth response of cabbage plants to transition elements under water culture conditions

Tetsuo Hara; Yoji Sonoda; Iwao Iwai Soil Science & Plant Nutrition 1976. doi:10.1080/00380768.1976.10432993

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Without titanium, vanadium or chromium, cabbage dry weight did not decline.
Intervention effect Without manganese or iron, cabbage dry weight decreased slightly.
Intervention effect Adding Ti above 0.4 ppm reduced cabbage yield.
Intervention effect High titanium, chromium and manganese levels caused slight chlorosis.
Association Plant element contents increased as each element concentration increased in solution.
Observation Element contents at 50% yield reduction were reported separately for outer leaves and roots.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The wm mutant is deleterious for soybean photosynthetic rate and bean yield.

Taxon: soybeansGlycine maxe0
Gene: wme2
Outcome: photosynthetic rate and bean yielde2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2

Verbatim

e0
“Magenta flower color in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) was found to be controlled by a mutant gene, wm, in the presence of W 1 which is the common gene for purple flowers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–173

e2
“The wm reduces flavonol content of flowers and of leaves, and is a deleterious mutant in terms of photosynthetic rate and bean yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 293–425

Title

INHERITANCE AND LINKAGE OF A MAGENTA FLOWER GENE IN SOYBEANS

R. I. Buzzell; B. R. Buttery; R. L. Bernard Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 1977. doi:10.1139/g77-082

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seasonal stress increased blast in oat.

Taxon: oatsAvena sativae0
Treatment: environmental stressese0
Outcome: blaste0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Typical environmental stresses that occur during the growing season of oats were found to increase blast and decrease yield and kernels/panicle”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1025–1168

Title

Temperature and Drought Effects on Blast and Other Characteristics in Developing Oats¹

Madeline F. Chinnici; David M. Peterson Crop Science 1979. doi:10.2135/cropsci1979.0011183x001900060035x

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effect Seasonal stress decreased oat yield.
Intervention effect Seasonal stress decreased kernels per panicle.
Intervention effect Temperature and drought increased blast in Froker at every stage.
Intervention effect Drought at stage 1 and temperature at stages 2 and 3 increased blast in Wright.
Intervention effect Only drought at stage 4 increased blast in Clintland 64.
Intervention effect Drought and heat at stages 2 and 3 reduced spikelets per panicle.
Intervention effect Drought at stages 2 and 4 caused the most severe yield reductions.
Intervention effect Heat at stage 3 caused one of the most severe yield reductions.
Observation Heavier kernels did not compensate for increased blasting.
Intervention effect Drought at stage 4 reduced kernels per fertile spikelet to nearly one.
Association Treatments reducing yield generally reduced plant height.
Intervention effect Kernel protein concentration was mostly unaffected by treatments.
Intervention effect Drought at stage 4 increased kernel protein concentration.
Intervention effect Cold had the least effect on oat yield.
Recommendation The results support early planting to avoid heat and drought damage.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delayed harvest increased the proportion of grain in the whole-plant yield, compensating for the lower digestibility.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
Treatment: delayed harveste5
Outcome: proportion of grain in the whole-plant yielde5
Direction: increasee5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“grain moisture content of corn (Zea mays L.) during the later part of the growing season”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 233–321

e5
“A decrease in the digestibility of the stover, husks and cob with delayed harvest was compensated for by an increase in the proportion of grain in the whole-plant yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1925–2093

Title

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG WHOLE-PLANT MOISTURE, GRAIN MOISTURE, DRY MATTER YIELD, AND QUALITY OF WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE

T. B. DAYNARD; R. B. HUNTER Canadian Journal of Plant Science 1975. doi:10.4141/cjps75-010

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

ET loss under 10 cm submergence to cracking was 31% and increased as soil moisture decreased.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae1
Treatment: 10 cm submergence to crackinge7
Outcome: ET losse7
Value: 31 per cente7
Qualifier: increased with decrease in the moisture levelse7

Verbatim

e1
“Jaya and B.C. 5 varieties of rice were grown in field under 90, 120 and 150 kg N/ha”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–83

e7
“ET loss in case of 10 cm submergence to cracking was only 31 per cent and increased with decrease in the moisture levels”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1088–1208

Title

Water Use, Components of Water Loss and Yield of Summer Rice Under Different Water and Fertility Levels

ARVIND KUMAR; PANJAB SINGH Madras Agricultural Journal 1978. doi:10.29321/maj.10.a03097

Other claims from this paper (11)

Association Jaya yielded significantly more than B.C. 5 in summer rice.
Intervention effect Rice yield rose with nitrogen up to 120 kg N, averaging 45.4 Q/ha.
Intervention effect Yield under 5 cm submergence to saturation was 44.8 Q, higher than under saturation to field capacity.
Observation Yield under 10 cm submergence to cracking was 44.5 Q.
Observation Yield under saturation to field capacity was 36.7.
Intervention effect Total water applied under 10 cm submergence to cracking was 17.4% higher than under saturation to field capacity.
Intervention effect Total water applied under 10 cm submergence to cracking was 9% higher than under submergence to saturation.
Observation Loss through percolation was about 61% and decreased as soil moisture decreased.
Observation The highest loss, 38%, was under saturation to field capacity.
Observation Five to seven per cent of the water losses could not be accounted for.
Association Water use efficiency was higher under 5 cm submergence to saturation than under the other treatments.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrow row spacings tended to increase yield.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Treatment: narrow row spacingse2
Outcome: yielde2
Direction: increasee2
Setting: two locations in 1972 and 1973e1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Three cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa, were grown in a seeding rate and row spacing experiment at two locations in 1972 and 1973”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–179

e2
“The few significant effects of row spacing indicated that narrow row spacings tend to increase yield and decrease days to maturity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–583

Title

EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GLENLEA, PITIC 62 AND NEEPAWA WHEATS

K. G. BRIGGS Canadian Journal of Plant Science 1975. doi:10.4141/cjps75-058

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Narrow row spacings tended to decrease days to maturity.
Intervention effect Higher seeding rates generally resulted in higher yields for all cultivars.
Intervention effect Higher seeding rates to some extent gave earlier maturity.
Intervention effect Glenlea seeded at 100.9 kg/ha gave the highest yield in all tests.
Observation Glenlea at 100.9 kg/ha took an average of 125 days to reach maturity, compared with 120 days for Neepawa and 129 days for Pitic 62.
Intervention effect Seeding rate had virtually no effect on height, kernel weight or test weight of the wheat cultivars.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

First-year converted plots had better rice yield than long-term direct sowing plots.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Treatment: converted plotse0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: bettere0
Comparator: continued direct sowing plotse0

Verbatim

e0
“Better growth and better yield were given in the first year of direct sowing culture in the converted plots (converted to direct sowing culture after one or two years of transplanting one), than those in the continued direct sowing plots (direct sowing was continued more than ten years).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 430–718

t0
“Rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–80

Title

The Alternation of Direct Sowing and Transplanting as a Counterplan for the Rice Yield Decrease due to Continuance of Direct Sowing Culture

Yoshimasa UEMURA; Akira MIYASAKA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1977. doi:10.1626/jcs.46.414

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect First-year converted plots had better rice growth than long-term direct sowing plots.
Association The first-year growth and yield advantage was more apparent in well-drained fields.
Intervention effect Second-year converted plots did not differ significantly from continued sowing plots in growth and yield.
Intervention effect Conversion increased total inorganic available nitrogen in soil early in the first year.
Intervention effect Conversion decreased soil nitrate nitrogen early in the first year.
Intervention effect Postharvest direct sowing soil drained and harrowed more easily and had more porosity than transplanted soil.
Observation The soil physical properties of direct sowing appeared in the first year after conversion.
Recommendation The authors concluded that alternating direct sowing and transplanting could counter the yield decline.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought treatments showed a similar decreasing trend in CSI values and leaf RWC.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
Treatment: drought treatmentse4
Outcome: CSI values and RWC of the leavese4
Direction: decreaseinferrede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“As a whole, drought treatment reduced the yield and yield contributing characters of sunflower”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 496–590

e4
“The growth parameters (CGR, RGR, NAR, and LAI) were reduced under drought treatments. Similar trend was followed in case of CSI values and RWC of the leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 792–948

Title

Effect of drought on physiology and yield contributing characters of sunflower

MI Hossain; A Khatun; MSA Talukder; et al. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 1970. doi:10.3329/bjar.v35i1.5872

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Drought treatment reduced the yield and yield contributing characters of sunflower.
Intervention effect A 4-day drought cycle followed by a 3-day cycle gave a higher rate of reduction in most cases.
Intervention effect The 1 and 2 day drought cycles gave the minimum reduction.
Intervention effect Drought treatments reduced CGR, RGR and NAR of sunflower.
Intervention effect Drought treatments reduced LAI of sunflower.
Association Hysan-55 showed a higher rate of reduction than Kironi for most characters.
Association Kironi was better than Hysan-55 in physiological adaptation associated with yield under drought.

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“yield decrease”

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