Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

May fertilizer yielded less grain than earlier applications.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Fertilizer applied in Maye0
Outcome: graine0
Direction: lesse0
Comparator: earlier applicationse0

Verbatim

e0
“Fertilizer applied in May increased weed growth, failed to decrease take‐all and yielded fewer ears, less grain, and a higher proportion of tailcorn than did earlier applications”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1358–1536

t0
“WINTER WHEAT”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 94–106

Title

EFFECT OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER APPLIED AT DIFFERENT DATES ON TAKE‐ALL, EYESPOT AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT GROWN ON LIGHT SANDY LOAM

G. A. SALT Annals of Applied Biology 1959. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1959.tb02537.x

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Fertilized Cappelle yielded 50 cwt per acre versus 19 unfertilized.
Intervention effect Fertilized Holdfast yielded 41 cwt per acre versus 20 unfertilized.
Observation Repeated cropping reduced mean yield from 27 to 15 and 10 cwt per acre.
Observation Ear number decreased from 16.7 to 14.6 and 12.2.
Observation Weight of grain per ear decreased strikingly.
Observation Small grain proportion increased.
Observation Eyespot was present every year but did not become prevalent.
Observation Take-all affected straw rose from 9 to 15 and 26 percent.
Observation Weed infestation increased severely.
Intervention effect April Nitro-Chalk yielded the most grain each year.
Intervention effect April fertilizer reduced eyespot relative to March.
Intervention effect April fertilizer reduced take-all relative to March.
Intervention effect May fertilizer increased weed growth.
Intervention effect May fertilizer failed to decrease take-all.
Intervention effect May fertilizer yielded fewer ears than earlier applications.
Intervention effect May fertilizer yielded a higher tailcorn proportion than earlier applications.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dusting potato with the Ceresan and hydrated lime mixture gave remarkable control of late blight.

Taxon: POTATOSolanum tuberosumt0
Treatment: the same ratio of Ceresan (2.58% phenyl mercuric acetate) and hydrated limee0
Interactor: LATE BLIGHTt0pathogen
Outcome: diseasee1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“POTATO LATE BLIGHT”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–48

e0
“the same ratio of Ceresan (2.58% phenyl mercuric acetate) and hydrated lime”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 321–396

e1
“gave remarkable control of disease and increase in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 426–482

Title

EXPERIMENTS ON THE CONTROL OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT BY ORGANIC MERCURIAL DUSTS

Ao Wang Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 1958

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Dusting potato with the Seresan and hydrated lime mixture gave remarkable control of late blight.
Intervention effect Dusting potato with the Seresan and hydrated lime mixture increased yield.
Intervention effect Dusting potato with the Ceresan and hydrated lime mixture increased yield.
Intervention effect As diluent, talc powder was much inferior to hydrated lime in field performance.
Intervention effect In a laboratory sporangium germination test, neither calcium ion nor hydroxyl ion influenced the toxicity of the mercurials.
Observation The LD50 of ethyl mercuric chloride for Phytophthora infestans sporangia was 0.02 ppm.
Observation The LD50 of phenyl mercuric acetate for Phytophthora infestans sporangia was 0.058 ppm.
Observation The LD50 of copper sulfate for Phytophthora infestans sporangia was 0.15 ppm.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate disease severity had a mean culm-length index of 90.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome: average culm lengthse0
Value: 90e0
Qualifier: moderatee0

Verbatim

e0
“The degrees of disease severity, as expressed by the decrease in culm length and grain yield, could be classified into three distinct groups, viz., none or light, moderate, and heavy. The indices of average grain yields of these groups were 100, 70, and 45, and those of the corresponding average culm lengths were 100, 90, and 60 respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 844–1187

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–55

Title

A proposed method for estimating loss in yield of wheat caused by take-all (Ophiobolus graminis SACC.)

Heiji TASUGI; Kan NAKAYA; Naoji SUZUKI Japanese Journal of Phytopathology 1954. doi:10.3186/jjphytopath.19.29

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heavy disease severity had a mean culm-length index of 60.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome: average culm lengthse0
Value: 60e0
Qualifier: heavye0

Verbatim

e0
“The degrees of disease severity, as expressed by the decrease in culm length and grain yield, could be classified into three distinct groups, viz., none or light, moderate, and heavy. The indices of average grain yields of these groups were 100, 70, and 45, and those of the corresponding average culm lengths were 100, 90, and 60 respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 844–1187

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–55

Title

A proposed method for estimating loss in yield of wheat caused by take-all (Ophiobolus graminis SACC.)

Heiji TASUGI; Kan NAKAYA; Naoji SUZUKI Japanese Journal of Phytopathology 1954. doi:10.3186/jjphytopath.19.29

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

May fertilizer yielded a higher tailcorn proportion than earlier applications.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Fertilizer applied in Maye0
Outcome: proportion of tailcorne0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: earlier applicationse0

Verbatim

e0
“Fertilizer applied in May increased weed growth, failed to decrease take‐all and yielded fewer ears, less grain, and a higher proportion of tailcorn than did earlier applications”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1358–1536

t0
“WINTER WHEAT”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 94–106

Title

EFFECT OF NITROGENOUS FERTILIZER APPLIED AT DIFFERENT DATES ON TAKE‐ALL, EYESPOT AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT GROWN ON LIGHT SANDY LOAM

G. A. SALT Annals of Applied Biology 1959. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1959.tb02537.x

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect Fertilized Cappelle yielded 50 cwt per acre versus 19 unfertilized.
Intervention effect Fertilized Holdfast yielded 41 cwt per acre versus 20 unfertilized.
Observation Repeated cropping reduced mean yield from 27 to 15 and 10 cwt per acre.
Observation Ear number decreased from 16.7 to 14.6 and 12.2.
Observation Weight of grain per ear decreased strikingly.
Observation Small grain proportion increased.
Observation Eyespot was present every year but did not become prevalent.
Observation Take-all affected straw rose from 9 to 15 and 26 percent.
Observation Weed infestation increased severely.
Intervention effect April Nitro-Chalk yielded the most grain each year.
Intervention effect April fertilizer reduced eyespot relative to March.
Intervention effect April fertilizer reduced take-all relative to March.
Intervention effect May fertilizer increased weed growth.
Intervention effect May fertilizer failed to decrease take-all.
Intervention effect May fertilizer yielded fewer ears than earlier applications.
Intervention effect May fertilizer yielded less grain than earlier applications.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher summer soil temperature was associated with heavier root decay in poorly aerated ill-drained fields.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Outcome: decay of r0ote0
Direction: heaviere0
Qualifier: soil temperature in summere0
Comparator: well-drained fieldse0
Setting: ill-drained paddy fieldse0

Verbatim

e0
“The higher the soil temperature in summer, the heavier became the decay of r0ot caused by bad aeration in ill-drained paddy fields as compared with that in well-drained fields.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–733

t0
“rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–36

Title

On the Mechanism of decrease of rice yield in ill-drained paddy field

Mitsuo KIDO; Takeyasu MUSHA; Yoshio ICHIKAWA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1954. doi:10.1626/jcs.22.3-4_51

Other claims from this paper (4)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lower grain yield under submergence was caused by failures of anther dehiscence and pollination, pollen sterilization and non-functioning female organs producing sterile spikelets.

Taxon: naked barleyt0
Organ / stage: heading staget0
Outcome: occurrence of sterile spikelete5
Qualifier: failures of anther dehiscence and pollination, sterilizing of pollen and non-functioning of female organe4

Verbatim

t0
“Submerging injury to naked barley on heading stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 62–112

e4
“The former was caused by the failures of anther dehiscence and pollination, sterilizing of pollen and non-functioning of female organ”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 583–716

e5
“The lowering of products above-mentioned was due to both of occurrence of sterile spikelet and decrease in number of heads per plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 449–581

Title

Studies on Submerging Injury of Naked Barley and Wheat. : IV. Submerging injury to naked barley on heading stage

Kazunori IBARAKI Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1957. doi:10.1626/jcs.26.117

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen free extract and carbohydrate rose with growth in leaves and stems but declined in stems in autumn.

Taxon: Jerusalem artichokeHelianthus tuberosust0
Organ / stage: leaves and stemse0
Outcome: nitrogen free extract and carbohydratee1
Direction: increasede0

Verbatim

t0
“Jerusalem artichoke”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–61

e0
“Both in leaves and stems, these two components increased with the growth of plant, but in autumn decrease was observed in stems”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1237–1364

e1
“nitrogen free extract and carbohydrate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1162–1200

Title

Studies on nutritive yield of green mowed Jerusalem artichoke : Part 1 Seasonable changes of nutrient components in leaves and stems

Hiromi CHIBA; Kunio KAGAWA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1953. doi:10.1626/jcs.22.129

Other claims from this paper (15)

Observation Plant height and leaf and stem dry matter weight had their greatest daily increase in August.
Observation Leaf-stem ratio decreased remarkably in August.
Observation Leaves contained more crude protein than stems.
Observation Crude protein in leaves and stems rapidly decreased after August.
Observation Protein N was concentrated in leaves and non-protein N in stems.
Observation Stems contained more total sugar than leaves.
Observation Reducing sugar quantities were approximately equal in leaves and stems.
Observation Stem total and reducing sugars declined in summer and rose again in autumn.
Observation Leaf total and reducing sugars rose gradually after an initially low level.
Observation The reducing to total sugar ratio was higher in leaves than stems.
Observation Stems contained more nitrogen free extract and carbohydrate than leaves.
Observation Carbohydrate to nitrogen free extract ratio was higher in stems than leaves.
Observation Stem carbohydrate converted to sugar more easily than leaf carbohydrate.
Intervention effect Additional fertilizer temporarily reduced nitrogen free extract.
Intervention effect Additional fertilizer increased crude protein.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dusting potato with the Seresan and hydrated lime mixture gave remarkable control of late blight.

Taxon: POTATOSolanum tuberosumt0
Treatment: dusting with the mixture of 1 part Seresan (2% ethyl mercuric chloride) and 9 parts hydrated limee0
Interactor: LATE BLIGHTt0pathogen
Outcome: diseasee1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“POTATO LATE BLIGHT”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 30–48

e0
“dusting with the mixture of 1 part Seresan (2% ethyl mercuric chloride) and 9 parts hydrated lime”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 220–317

e1
“gave remarkable control of disease and increase in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 426–482

Title

EXPERIMENTS ON THE CONTROL OF POTATO LATE BLIGHT BY ORGANIC MERCURIAL DUSTS

Ao Wang Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 1958

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Dusting potato with the Seresan and hydrated lime mixture increased yield.
Intervention effect Dusting potato with the Ceresan and hydrated lime mixture gave remarkable control of late blight.
Intervention effect Dusting potato with the Ceresan and hydrated lime mixture increased yield.
Intervention effect As diluent, talc powder was much inferior to hydrated lime in field performance.
Intervention effect In a laboratory sporangium germination test, neither calcium ion nor hydroxyl ion influenced the toxicity of the mercurials.
Observation The LD50 of ethyl mercuric chloride for Phytophthora infestans sporangia was 0.02 ppm.
Observation The LD50 of phenyl mercuric acetate for Phytophthora infestans sporangia was 0.058 ppm.
Observation The LD50 of copper sulfate for Phytophthora infestans sporangia was 0.15 ppm.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pre-emergence spray of 150 g 2,4-D per 10 ares was considerably effective against the weeds in soybean.

Taxon: the weede0
Treatment: pre-emergence spray of 150 grams of 2, 4-D per 10 arese0
Outcome: considerably effective for the weede0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The pre-emergence spray of 150 grams of 2, 4-D per 10 ares was considerably effective for the weed without decreasing the yield of soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1015–1153

Title

Some tests on the weed control in sweet potato and soybean fields with 2, 4-D

Yasuo KASAHARA; Tadaji KIMURA; Osamu KINOSITA Japanese Journal of Crop Science 1954. doi:10.1626/jcs.22.3-4_5

Other claims from this paper (17)

Observation Crab grass is a dominant weed in both sweet potato and soybean fields.
Observation Crab grass is resistant to 2,4-D.
Observation Both sweet potato and soybean are susceptible to 2,4-D.
Recommendation Post-emergence 2,4-D spray on these crops cannot be expected to be a practical weed-control means.
Intervention effect Sweet potato yield under pre-planting 2,4-D equalled that of the weeded plot.
Intervention effect Weeds were reduced to about 1/10 to 1/3 of those in the untreated plot after 2,4-D pre-planting treatment.
Intervention effect All sweet potato slips planted after 2,4-D treatment took root and crop growth was not retarded.
Intervention effect Sweet potato planted immediately after 2,4-D application was severely injured, particularly in the drought year.
Intervention effect Moistening and dusting sweet potato roots with active carbon relieved the 2,4-D injury to some extent.
Intervention effect Pre-emergence spray of 150 g 2,4-D per 10 ares did not decrease soybean yield.
Intervention effect A 2,4-D spray above 150 grams was injurious to soybean growth.
Intervention effect Seeds coated with active carbon before sowing were not injured even by a spray of 450 g 2,4-D.
Mechanism The absence of injury was attributed to a protecting action of active carbon.
Intervention effect Between-row soil treatment with 2,4-D after tillage was more effective on annual weeds than pre-emergence treatment.
Intervention effect Soybean was not injured by 100 g 2,4-D per 10 ares on dry soil.
Intervention effect Soybean was not injured by 200 g 2,4-D on moist soil.
Association Yield decreased as the amount of 2,4-D applied increased.

“yield decrease”

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