Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat stress at meiosis reduced pollen viability, grain formation and yield more than heat stress at anthesis, making meiosis the most sensitive stage.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Organ / stage: meiosise6
Treatment: heat stress at meiosise1
Outcome: pollen viability, grain formation and yielde6
Direction: decreaseinferrede6
Comparator: anthesise7

Verbatim

t0
“Impact of elevated CO2 and heat stress on wheat pollen viability and grain production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–85

e1
“Elevated CO2 and heat stress at meiosis reduced pollen viability, spikelet number and grain yield per spike”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 695–802

e6
“meiosis was the most sensitive stage, affecting pollen viability, grain formation and yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1248–1339

e7
“were heat stressed at either meiosis or anthesis at ambient (400 µL L-1) or elevated (800 µL L-1) CO2”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 592–693

Title

Impact of elevated CO2 and heat stress on wheat pollen viability and grain production

Anowarul I. Bokshi; Daniel K. Y. Tan; Rebecca J. Thistlethwaite; et al. Functional Plant Biology 2021. doi:10.1071/fp20187

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding PEG to the basal maturation medium lowered the yield of cotyledonary somatic embryos, which showed incomplete development and anatomical abnormalities.

Taxon: Pinus pinasterPinus pinastere0
Treatment: The addition of PEGe2
Outcome: yield of cotyledonary somatic embryose2
Direction: decreaseinferrede2
Qualifier: incomplete developmente2
Comparator: basal maturation mediume2

Verbatim

e0
“We compared morphogenesis and accumulation of storage proteins and starch in Pinus pinaster Ait. zygotic embryos with those in somatic embryos grown with different carbohydrate sources”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–184

e2
“The addition of PEG to the basal maturation medium resulted in a low yield of cotyledonary somatic embryos that generally showed incomplete development and anatomical abnormalities such as large intercellular spaces and large vacuoles”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 579–813

Title

Zygotic and somatic embryo morphogenesis in Pinus pinaster: comparative histological and histochemical study

S. Tereso; K. Zoglauer; A. Milhinhos; et al. Tree Physiology 2007. doi:10.1093/treephys/27.5.661

Other claims from this paper (7)

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The flo2 mutant leaves had increased total biomass with faster growth.

Taxon: Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
Material: mutante3
Organ / stage: leavese3
Outcome: total biomasse3
Direction: increasede3
Qualifier: with faster growthe3

Verbatim

t0
“Arabidopsis thaliana FLO2”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–25

e3
“The mutant leaves showed decrease of chloroplast numbers, and increased total biomass with faster growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–667

Title

Arabidopsis thaliana FLO2 is involved in efficiency of photoassimilate translocation, which associates with leaf growth and aging, yield of seeds, and seed quality

紀平, 望帆（東京理科大学）; 谷口, 一至（東京理科大学）; 金子, 千紘（東京理科大学）; et al. Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) 2017

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation The flo2 mutant showed normal germination, inflorescence and flower morphogenesis.
Observation The flo2 mutant showed peculiar phenotypes on leaves and siliques.
Association The flo2 mutant leaves had fewer chloroplasts.
Intervention effect Under high luminous intensity, aging events were induced in the flo2 mutant.
Association The flo2 mutant had significantly small siliques.
Association The flo2 mutant had reduced seed yield.
Association Seeds of the flo2 mutant were structurally weak and had significantly lower seed quality.
Association Seeds of the flo2 mutant had reduced seed storage accumulation.
Association PETIS analysis detected decreased photoassimilate transport in the flo2 mutant.
Mechanism The authors presume the flo2 phenotypes are caused by reduced translocation or transport of photoassimilates.
Mechanism AtFLO2 is strongly involved in regulating translocation and transport of assimilates, according to the authors.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PHYB caused semi-dwarfism.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: presence of the Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB genee0
Gene: Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB genee0
Outcome: semi-dwarfisme0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“the presence of the Arabidopsis thaliana PHYB gene caused pleiotropic effects like semi-dwarfism,decrease in apical dominance,and increase in boll size.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1074

t0
“cotton （Gossypium hirsutum）”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–130

Title

Overexpression of the phytochrome B gene from Arabidopsis thaliana increases plant growth and yield of cotton （Gossypium hirsutum）

Abdul Abdul; Qayyum; Rao; et al. 浙江大学学报：B卷英文版 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation PHYB integration and expression in cotton were confirmed.
Observation QCC11 had much higher mRNA expression than control and other lines.
Intervention effect Transgenic cotton photosynthetic rate more than doubled.
Intervention effect Transgenic cotton transpiration rate more than quadrupled.
Intervention effect Transgenic cotton stomatal conductance more than quadrupled.
Mechanism Photosynthetic increase led to a 46% relative growth rate increase.
Mechanism Photosynthetic increase led to an 18% net assimilation rate increase.
Intervention effect PHYB overexpression increased cotton yield by 35%.
Intervention effect PHYB decreased apical dominance.
Intervention effect PHYB increased boll size.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Atonik treatment increased female flowers in both seasons.

Taxon: squasht0
Treatment: Atonik treatmentse0
Outcome: female flowerse0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Atonik treatments over rise to a significant decrease of male flowers and caused a significant increase in female flowers and reduced sex ratio in both seasons.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–726

t0
“SQUASH PLANTS”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 105–118

Title

EFFECT OF SEED SOAKING AND / OR FOLIAR SPRAY OF ATONIK ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, SEX EXPRESSION AND YIELD OF SQUASH PLANTS

R. A. EL-Shabrawy Journal of Plant Production 2009. doi:10.21608/jpp.2009.116642

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Atonik seed soaking increased squash leaf number, height, and fresh and dry weight over control.
Intervention effect Atonik foliar spray increased squash leaf number, height, and fresh and dry weight over control.
Intervention effect Atonik treatment decreased male flowers and sex ratio in both seasons.
Intervention effect Atonik treatment reduced squash sex ratio in both seasons.
Intervention effect Atonik increased squash fruit number, fruit weight and yield compared with control.
Intervention effect Atonik increased squash yield per plant and per feddan compared with control.
Intervention effect Combined seed soaking and foliar spray at 0.5 ml/L gave the highest values among treatments.
Recommendation The authors recommend combined seed soaking and foliar Atonik spray at 0.5 ml/L to improve squash yield.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

After the early cuts, seed per ear was slightly higher, a partial compensation for fewer fertile tillers.

Taxon: timothyPhleum pratensee0
Material: S.48e0
Treatment: after the early cutse6
Outcome: seed per eare6
Direction: slightly moree6
Qualifier: some compensatione6

Verbatim

e0
“spaced plants of S.48 timothy”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 39–68

e6
“Seed yield per plant declined with the decrease in fertile tiller numbers, but after the early cuts some compensation by production of slightly more seed per ear was recorded”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 768–942

Title

THE EFFECT OF TIME OF CUTTING ON EAR PRODUCTION AND SEED YIELD IN S.48 TIMOTHY

R. H. M. Langer Grass and Forage Science 1957. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1957.tb00097.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Association Plant and unit tiller weight increased throughout the season in the herbage removed at each cut.
Association The number of tillers declined, especially before shooting began.
Intervention effect Cutting up to 5 May did not affect the date of ear emergence.
Intervention effect Plants cut on 19 May had a slightly delayed date of ear emergence.
Intervention effect Plants treated subsequently flowered much later.
Observation The interval following defoliation before flowering was fairly constant.
Intervention effect Cutting on and after 7 April depressed fertile tiller formation with increasing severity.
Observation Only vegetative tillers appeared in the recovery growth after treatment at the beginning of August.
Association Seed yield per plant declined with the decrease in fertile tiller numbers.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Elevated O3 brought leaf senescence forward by 3–5 d.

Taxon: cropt0
Treatment: elevated O3 treatmentse0
Outcome: leaf senescencee0
Direction: brought forwarde0
Value: 3–5 de0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“crop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 65–69

e0
“Additionally, our results indicate that the variance in yield reduction is primarily attributed to the premature decrease in carbon assimilation to the grains caused by accelerated leaf senescence, which is brought forward by 3–5 d under elevated O3 treatments.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1442–1703

Title

Development of the DO ₃ SE-Crop model to assess ozone effects on crop phenology, biomass, and yield

Pritha Pande; Sam Bland; Nathan Booth; et al. Biogeosciences 2025. doi:10.5194/bg-22-181-2025

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PrDA1-1 was strongly expressed in early and late seed development.

Taxon: Tree peonyPaeonia suffruticosat0
Organ / stage: early and late stages of seed developmente0
Gene: PrDA1-1e0
Outcome: strongly expressede0

Verbatim

e0
“PrDA1-1 was strongly expressed during both the early and late stages of seed development, and its constitutive expression in Arabidopsis reduced seed number but increased seed weight, which ultimately led to a decrease in yield.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 648–876

t0
“Tree peony”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 60–70

Title

PrDA1-1 and its interacting proteins PrTCP1/PrTCP9 in flare tree peony affect yield by regulating seed weight and number

Chunyan He; Fangyun Cheng Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024. doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.10.001

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Three PrDA1 genes were identified in the Jing Hong flare tree peony genome.
Observation PrDA1-1 has UIM, LIM and DA-like domains and is homologous to AtDA1.
Intervention effect Constitutive PrDA1-1 expression in Arabidopsis reduced seed number.
Intervention effect Constitutive PrDA1-1 expression in Arabidopsis increased seed weight.
Intervention effect Constitutive PrDA1-1 expression in Arabidopsis decrease yield.
Observation PrDA1-1 interacted with PrTCP1/PrTCP9 in yeast and plants.
Intervention effect Constitutive PrTCP1/PrTCP9 expression in Arabidopsis increased seed weight and number.
Intervention effect Constitutive PrTCP1/PrTCP9 expression in Arabidopsis increased yield.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The yield losses of well-performing soybean genotypes after waterlogging are mainly due to fewer fertile nodes and seeds per pod.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome: yielde5
Qualifier: mainly due to fewer fertile nodes and seeds per pode5

Verbatim

e0
“We assessed the response of six soybean genotypes, selected from a field screening of over 190 genotypes, to 10 days of waterlogging at the R1 (onset of flowering) and R4 (grain filling) stages”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 364–557

e5
“Genotypes that performed well under control conditions suffered significant yield reductions of 70%–85% after waterlogging, mainly due to fewer fertile nodes and seeds per pod, with some also experiencing a notable decrease in 100‐seed weight”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1393–1635

Title

Identifying the Numerical Components Affecting Soybean (Glycine max) Yield Under Waterlogging at Reproductive Stages

Rocio Antonella Ploschuk; Daniel Julio Miralles; Monika Kavanová; et al. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 2024. doi:10.1111/jac.12764

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The percentage of sterile and unfilled grains showed a similar pattern to grain moisture content, decreasing over harvest times.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Outcome: percentage of sterile and unfilled grainse1
Direction: decreaseinferrede1

Verbatim

e0
“rice varieties were used as research material”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 300–345

e1
“The percentage of sterile and unfilled grains had the similar results to grain moisture content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 668–763

Title

Effect of rice moisture content at harvest on milled yield and some quality characters

Halil Sürek 2005

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Grain moisture content was highest at the first harvest time and decreased afterwards.
Observation The highest total milled rice yield was obtained between 16% and 25% moisture content.
Observation The percentage of unmatured and damaged grains was high at high harvest moisture content and then decreased.
Observation Depending on variety, harvest moisture content between 21% and 24% gave the highest head rice yield.
Association Moisture content above 25% affected rice seed germination negatively.
Recommendation Baldo should be harvested at 22% moisture content.
Recommendation Rocca should be harvested at 24% moisture content.
Recommendation Kiral should be harvested at 22-24% moisture content.
Recommendation Osmancik-97 should be harvested at 23% moisture content.
Recommendation Overall, rice should be harvested between 22% and 24% grain moisture content.

“yield decrease”

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