Abstract
Soybean is a major source of vegetable oil for human consumption and industrial uses and of protein for humans and livestock. Soybean is also useful in cropping rotations because of its ability to fix nitrogen. In Australia, production and yields are variable due to weather and prices and we remain a net importer. Because most varieties are quantitative, short-day plants, with large differences in response to photoperiod and temperature, they often have narrow adaptation across regions and seasons. The long-juvenile (LJ) trait has allowed development of varieties with broader adaptation. The LJ trait has also helped ‘convert’ temperate semi-dwarf and culinary varieties to subtropical/tropical adaptation. Collaborative studies in Thailand and Vietnam show the LJ trait is also useful for raising yield potential in short duration varieties in intensive rotation systems. Generally, soybean is more drought-sensitive than the other tropical grain legumes. Limited progress has been made in breeding truly drought-tolerant varieties, apart from better matching of maturity to available water. Traits that enhance leaf area maintenance may improve recovery after stress and so may improve drought-resistance in rain-fed crops exposed to intermittent stress. In contrast to other grain legumes, soybeans are generally tolerant of saturated soil conditions, to the extent that rice-soybean intercrops are possible where the watertable can be reliably controlled.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Most soybean varieties show narrow adaptation because of photoperiod and temperature responses.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Outcome
- narrow adaptatione0
- Direction
- narrowe0
- Setting
- regions and seasonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Because most varieties are quantitative, short-day plants, with large differences in response to photoperiod and temperature, they often have narrow adaptation across regions and seasons.”
e1“Soybean is a major source”
Claim · model-written summary
The long-juvenile trait has enabled varieties with broader adaptation.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Material
- long-juvenile (LJ) traite0
- Outcome
- adaptatione0
- Direction
- broadere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The long-juvenile (LJ) trait has allowed development of varieties with broader adaptation.”
e1“Soybean is a major source”
Claim · model-written summary
The long-juvenile trait helped adapt temperate semi-dwarf and culinary varieties to subtropical and tropical regions.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Material
- temperate semi-dwarf and culinary varietiese0
- Outcome
- subtropical/tropical adaptatione0
- Qualifier
- LJ traite0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LJ trait has also helped ‘convert’ temperate semi-dwarf and culinary varieties to subtropical/tropical adaptation.”
e1“Soybean is a major source”
Claim · model-written summary
The long-juvenile trait raised yield potential in short-duration varieties in intensive rotations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Material
- short duration varietiese0
- Outcome
- yield potentiale0
- Direction
- raisinge0
- Setting
- Thailand and Vietname0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Collaborative studies in Thailand and Vietnam show the LJ trait is also useful for raising yield potential in short duration varieties in intensive rotation systems.”
e1“Soybean is a major source”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean is generally more drought-sensitive than other tropical grain legumes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- drought-sensitivee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- other tropical grain legumese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean is more drought-sensitive than the other tropical grain legumes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Breeding has made limited progress toward truly drought-tolerant soybean varieties beyond matching maturity to water.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- progress has been made in breeding truly drought-tolerant varietiese0
- Direction
- Limitede0
- Qualifier
- better matching of maturity to available watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limited progress has been made in breeding truly drought-tolerant varieties, apart from better matching of maturity to available water.”
e1“soybean is more drought-sensitive”
Claim · model-written summary
Maintaining leaf area may improve soybean recovery and drought resistance under intermittent stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- leaf areae0
- Outcome
- recovery after stresse0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- may improve drought-resistance in rain-fed crops exposed to intermittent stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Traits that enhance leaf area maintenance may improve recovery after stress and so may improve drought-resistance in rain-fed crops exposed to intermittent stress.”
e1“soybean is more drought-sensitive”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybeans are generally tolerant of saturated soil relative to other grain legumes.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- tolerant of saturated soil conditionse0
- Direction
- tolerante0
- Comparator
- other grain legumese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast to other grain legumes, soybeans are generally tolerant of saturated soil conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice-soybean intercropping is possible when the water table is reliably controlled.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- rice-soybean intercrops are possiblee0
- Qualifier
- watertable can be reliably controllede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice-soybean intercrops are possible where the watertable can be reliably controlled.”