Abstract
The objectives of this research were to compare the weed control efficacy of liquid, granular, and microencapsulated formulations of preemergence herbicides in moldboard plow, chisel plow, ridge tillage, and no-tillage corn and soybean production systems, and to determine whether herbicide formulation can influence herbicide interception and retention on surface corn residue. Common lambsquarters populations were threefold higher in corn than in soybeans. A mixed population of giant foxtail and green foxtail was highest in the chisel plow and lowest in the ridge tillage system as were total weed numbers. Percent weed control was not influenced by tillage when considered across all herbicide treatments. Weed control was not influenced by herbicide formulation in the moldboard plow, chisel plow, or ridge tillage systems, but granular herbicide applications provided better weed control than liquid applications in the no-tillage system and across various rates of corn residue in an experiment with no tillage variables. Two- to threefold less granular-applied herbicide was intercepted by surface corn residue at the time of application compared to liquid-applied herbicide. Increasing amounts of postapplication rainfall decreased the difference among formulations with regard to both total soil reception of the herbicide and resultant weed control. There was no consistent advantage for the microencapsulated formulation over the other herbicide formulations. Surface corn residue controlled many weeds without the aid of a herbicide and actually contributed to overall weed control even where herbicides were applied. This suggests that the binding of preemergence herbicides on surface crop residue may not be the cause of weed control failures in reduced-tillage systems as is often assumed to be the case.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Common lambsquarters populations were threefold higher in corn than soybeans.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Interactor
- Common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- Common lambsquarters populationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- threefolde0
- Comparator
- soybeanse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Common lambsquarters populations were threefold higher in corn than in soybeans.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foxtail populations were highest under chisel plowing and lowest under ridge tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- chisel plowe0
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- A mixed population of giant foxtail and green foxtaile0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- ridge tillage systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mixed population of giant foxtail and green foxtail was highest in the chisel plow and lowest in the ridge tillage system as were total weed numbers.”
t0“corn and soybean production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Total weed numbers were highest under chisel plowing and lowest under ridge tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- chisel plowe0
- Outcome
- total weed numberse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- ridge tillage systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mixed population of giant foxtail and green foxtail was highest in the chisel plow and lowest in the ridge tillage system as were total weed numbers.”
t0“corn and soybean production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage did not influence percent weed control across herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- Percent weed controle0
- Direction
- not influencede0
- Comparator
- all herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percent weed control was not influenced by tillage when considered across all herbicide treatments.”
t0“corn and soybean production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide formulation did not influence weed control in moldboard, chisel or ridge tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- herbicide formulatione0
- Outcome
- Weed controle0
- Direction
- not influencede0
- Comparator
- moldboard plow, chisel plow, or ridge tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was not influenced by herbicide formulation in the moldboard plow, chisel plow, or ridge tillage systems”
t0“corn and soybean production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Granular applications gave better weed control than liquid applications in no tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- granular herbicide applicationse0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- liquid applicationse0
- Setting
- no-tillage systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“granular herbicide applications provided better weed control than liquid applications in the no-tillage system and across various rates of corn residue”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface corn residue intercepted two to threefold less granular than liquid herbicide.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- granular-applied herbicidee0
- Outcome
- herbicide was intercepted by surface corn residuee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- Two- to threefolde0
- Comparator
- liquid-applied herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two- to threefold less granular-applied herbicide was intercepted by surface corn residue at the time of application compared to liquid-applied herbicide.”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing postapplication rainfall decreased formulation differences in soil herbicide reception and weed control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- postapplication rainfalle0
- Outcome
- difference among formulations with regard to both total soil reception of the herbicide and resultant weed controle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“surface corn residue at the time of application compared to liquid-applied herbicide. Increasing amounts of postapplication rainfall decreased the difference among formulations with regard to both total soil reception of the herbicide and resultant weed control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Microencapsulated formulation had no consistent advantage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- microencapsulated formulatione0
- Outcome
- advantagee0
- Direction
- no consistente0
- Comparator
- other herbicide formulationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no consistent advantage for the microencapsulated formulation over the other herbicide formulations.”
t0“corn and soybean production systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface corn residue controlled many weeds without herbicide.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Surface corn residuee0
- Outcome
- controlled many weedse0
- Comparator
- without the aid of a herbicidee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Surface corn residue controlled many weeds without the aid of a herbicide”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface corn residue contributed to weed control when herbicides were applied.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Surface corn residuet0
- Outcome
- overall weed controle0
- Direction
- contributede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“actually contributed to overall weed control even where herbicides were applied.”
t0“Surface corn residue controlled many weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest binding of preemergence herbicides to crop residue may not cause reduced-tillage weed control failures.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- weed control failurese0
- Qualifier
- binding of preemergence herbicides on surface crop residuee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests that the binding of preemergence herbicides on surface crop residue may not be the cause of weed control failures in reduced-tillage systems”
t0“corn and soybean production systems”
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359 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 406 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.