Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement, yet its shallow root system and the strong P-fixing capacity of many soils limit the effectiveness of soil fertilisation. Foliar application of nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHAPs) has emerged as a promising alternative P fertilisation practice. In this study, we compared foliar uptake mechanisms of nHAPs and orthophosphate ions (Pi) in potato using advanced bioimaging techniques and quantified their P uptake efficiency (PUE) with ³³P radioisotopes in controlled-environment and field experiments. Imaging revealed distinct uptake pathways: Pi penetrated directly through the cuticle, whereas nHAPs primarily entered through hydraulically activated stomata. Foliar application of nHAPs achieved a PUE of approximately 50% after 7 days - far exceeding global averages for soil-applied P fertilisers - while avoiding the leaf scorching commonly associated with Pi sprays. Pi uptake was insensitive to leaf surface polarity but increased when the surface tension of the foliar spray was low. In contrast, nHAP uptake was greater on adaxial leaf surfaces and favoured by higher surface tension. These findings demonstrate that aligning foliar nano particle formulations with their respective uptake pathways, spray properties, and leaf traits can substantially enhance nano-particle uptake efficacy. This work provides new mechanistic insight to support more efficient and sustainable P management practices in potato production and broader agricultural systems.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Pi penetrated directly through the cuticle of potato leaves.
- Taxon
- Potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Outcome
- uptake pathwayse1
- Qualifier
- Pi penetrated directly through the cuticlee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e1“Imaging revealed distinct uptake pathways: Pi penetrated directly through the cuticle, whereas nHAPs primarily entered through hydraulically activated stomata”
Claim · model-written summary
nHAPs primarily entered potato leaves through hydraulically activated stomata.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- stomatae1
- Outcome
- uptake pathwayse1
- Qualifier
- nHAPs primarily entered through hydraulically activated stomatae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e1“Imaging revealed distinct uptake pathways: Pi penetrated directly through the cuticle, whereas nHAPs primarily entered through hydraulically activated stomata”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of nHAPs achieved a P uptake efficiency (PUE) of approximately 50% after 7 days, far exceeding global averages for soil-applied P fertilisers.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of nHAPse2
- Outcome
- PUEe2
- Direction
- exceedinge2
- Value
- approximately 50%e2
- Comparator
- global averages for soil-applied P fertiliserse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e2“Foliar application of nHAPs achieved a PUE of approximately 50% after 7 days - far exceeding global averages for soil-applied P fertilisers - while avoiding the leaf scorching commonly associated with Pi sprays”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of nHAPs avoided the leaf scorching commonly associated with Pi sprays.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of nHAPse2
- Outcome
- leaf scorchinge2
- Direction
- avoidinge2
- Comparator
- Pi sprayse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e2“Foliar application of nHAPs achieved a PUE of approximately 50% after 7 days - far exceeding global averages for soil-applied P fertilisers - while avoiding the leaf scorching commonly associated with Pi sprays”
Claim · model-written summary
Pi uptake was insensitive to leaf surface polarity.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- leaf surface polaritye3
- Outcome
- Pi uptakee3
- Direction
- insensitivee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e3“Pi uptake was insensitive to leaf surface polarity but increased when the surface tension of the foliar spray was low”
Claim · model-written summary
Pi uptake increased when the surface tension of the foliar spray was low.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- surface tension of the foliar spraye3
- Outcome
- Pi uptakee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Qualifier
- when the surface tension of the foliar spray was lowe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e3“Pi uptake was insensitive to leaf surface polarity but increased when the surface tension of the foliar spray was low”
Claim · model-written summary
nHAP uptake was greater on adaxial leaf surfaces of potato.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- adaxial leaf surfacese4
- Outcome
- nHAP uptakee4
- Direction
- greatere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e4“In contrast, nHAP uptake was greater on adaxial leaf surfaces and favoured by higher surface tension”
Claim · model-written summary
nHAP uptake was favoured by higher surface tension of the foliar spray.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- higher surface tensione4
- Outcome
- nHAP uptakee4
- Direction
- favourede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e4“In contrast, nHAP uptake was greater on adaxial leaf surfaces and favoured by higher surface tension”
Claim · model-written summary
Aligning foliar nano-particle formulations with uptake pathways, spray properties and leaf traits can substantially enhance nano-particle uptake efficacy.
- Taxon
- PotatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- nano-particle uptake efficacye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has a high phosphorus (P) requirement”
e5“These findings demonstrate that aligning foliar nano particle formulations with their respective uptake pathways, spray properties, and leaf traits can substantially enhance nano-particle uptake efficacy”
The same questions in other papers
application · crop injury · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →application · nutrient: efficiency · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.