Abstract
Abstract Recurrent drought increasingly threatens almond production in Mediterranean and semi-arid regions, highlighting the need to exploit plant genetic resources with stable adaptive traits. This study reports a 3-year multi-genotypic evaluation of 41 almond genetic resources grown under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid environment characterized by interannual rainfall variability. Significant genotypic and interannual variability was observed across morphological, physiological and biochemical traits. Chlorophyll content ( r = 0.7 with PC1; CV < 12%) emerged as a stable primary discriminant trait. Leaf nitrogen content, wood density, yield and leaf area also contributed significantly to genotype differentiation in multivariate analyses, together explaining 60% of total variance in the first principal component. A two-level hierarchical classification consistently separated tolerant, intermediate and sensitive genotypes. Among the evaluated genetic resources, ‘Princesse n° 3’, ‘Ferragnes*princesse 23’, ‘F1 melange 68/2’, ‘L 158’, ‘II A 7’, ‘(486*217)16’ and ‘GN9’ were identified as high-performing and drought-tolerant genotypes, highlighting their potential value for almond breeding and conservation programmes. This integrative, multi-year phenotypic approach provides a robust framework for identifying and utilizing drought-resilient almond genetic resources.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Morphological, physiological and biochemical traits varied significantly by genotype and year.
- Taxon
- almond
Prunus dulcist0 - Outcome
- morphological, physiological and biochemical traitse0
- Direction
- variabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant genotypic and interannual variability was observed across morphological, physiological and biochemical traits”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content was a stable primary discriminant, with r = 0.7 with PC1 and CV < 12%.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente0
- Value
- r = 0.7e0
- Qualifier
- CV < 12%e0
- Comparator
- PC1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll content ( r = 0.7 with PC1; CV < 12%) emerged as a stable primary discriminant trait”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf nitrogen content, wood density, yield and leaf area contributed to genotype differentiation, explaining 60% of PC1 variance together.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Organ / stage
- Leafe0
- Outcome
- genotype differentiatione0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf nitrogen content, wood density, yield and leaf area also contributed significantly to genotype differentiation in multivariate analyses, together explaining 60% of total variance in the first principal component”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
Hierarchical classification separated tolerant, intermediate and sensitive genotypes.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Outcome
- separated tolerant, intermediate and sensitive genotypese0
- Comparator
- tolerant, intermediate and sensitive genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A two-level hierarchical classification consistently separated tolerant, intermediate and sensitive genotypes”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven named genetic resources were identified as high-performing drought-tolerant genotypes.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcist0
- Material
- ‘Princesse n° 3’, ‘Ferragnes*princesse 23’, ‘F1 melange 68/2’, ‘L 158’, ‘II A 7’, ‘(486*217)16’ and ‘GN9’e0
- Outcome
- high-performing and drought-tolerant genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Princesse n° 3’, ‘Ferragnes*princesse 23’, ‘F1 melange 68/2’, ‘L 158’, ‘II A 7’, ‘(486*217)16’ and ‘GN9’ were identified as high-performing and drought-tolerant genotypes”
t0“almond”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified genotypes have potential value for almond breeding and conservation.
- Taxon
- almondPrunus dulcise1
- Outcome
- potential value for almond breeding and conservation programmese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highlighting their potential value for almond breeding and conservation programmes”
e1“almond breeding and conservation programmes”