Abstract
As the atmospheric CO 2 concentration continues to rise, understanding the response mechanisms of key species in grasslands is crucial for predicting ecosystem feedbacks. Leymus chinensis , as the dominant species in Eurasian grasslands, the response of its germplasm resources to elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) remains unclear. Using open-top chambers, we integrated physiological measurements (photosynthetic performance, enzyme activities related to carbon-nitrogen metabolism, and growth traits) with transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to compare three L . chinensis germplasms with different response intensities to eCO 2 (strongly responsive LC05, weakly responsive LC22 and LC52). The results showed that only LC05 had a significant increase in biomass under eCO 2 (+50.24%), and its photosynthetic rate, quantum yield of photosystem II and glutamate synthase activity were all significantly enhanced. Principal component analysis revealed that the carbon-nitrogen coordinated growth axis (PC2) was the key factor driving the variation in biomass. Multi-omics integrated analysis revealed that LC05 achieved an optimized allocation of defense resources by up-regulating flavonoid synthesis genes ( CHS , F3H , FLS ) and down-regulating the phenylpropanoid pathway gene PAL along with other lignin pathway genes ( C4H , 4CL), while up-regulating photosynthesis-related genes ( LcRBCS2 , LcPQL3 , LcFBA5 ) and transcription factors ( MYB , HSF ) to synergistically promote growth. In contrast, the weakly responsive germplasms showed carbon retention, metabolic imbalance and limited activation of defense signals. This study systematically revealed the physiological and molecular basis of the response of L . chinensis germplasms to eCO 2 , providing theoretical and technical support for the selection of climate-adaptive grassland varieties.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Under elevated CO2, LC05 biomass rose significantly by 50.24%.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- LC05e0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 50.24%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only LC05 had a significant increase in biomass under eCO 2 (+50.24%)”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 significantly enhanced LC05 photosynthetic rate, photosystem II quantum yield, and glutamate synthase activity.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- LC05e1
- Treatment
- eCO 2e1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate, quantum yield of photosystem II and glutamate synthase activitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“its photosynthetic rate, quantum yield of photosystem II and glutamate synthase activity were all significantly enhanced”
e1“only LC05 had a significant increase in biomass under eCO 2 (+50.24%)”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
The carbon-nitrogen coordinated growth axis was the key factor driving biomass variation.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Outcome
- variation in biomasse0
- Qualifier
- carbon-nitrogen coordinated growth axis (PC2)e0
Not reportedOrgan / stageDirection
Verbatim
e0“the carbon-nitrogen coordinated growth axis (PC2) was the key factor driving the variation in biomass”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
LC05 up-regulated flavonoid synthesis genes CHS, F3H, and FLS.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- LC05e1
- Gene
- CHS , F3H , FLSe0
- Outcome
- up-regulating flavonoid synthesis genese0
Verbatim
e0“up-regulating flavonoid synthesis genes ( CHS , F3H , FLS )”
e1“LC05 achieved an optimized allocation of defense resources”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
LC05 down-regulated PAL and other lignin pathway genes C4H and 4CL.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- LC05e1
- Gene
- PALe0
- Outcome
- down-regulating the phenylpropanoid pathway gene PAL along with other lignin pathway genese0
Verbatim
e0“down-regulating the phenylpropanoid pathway gene PAL along with other lignin pathway genes ( C4H , 4CL)”
e1“LC05 achieved an optimized allocation of defense resources”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
LC05 up-regulated photosynthesis genes LcRBCS2, LcPQL3, and LcFBA5.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- LC05e1
- Gene
- LcRBCS2 , LcPQL3 , LcFBA5e0
- Outcome
- up-regulating photosynthesis-related genese0
Verbatim
e0“up-regulating photosynthesis-related genes ( LcRBCS2 , LcPQL3 , LcFBA5 )”
e1“LC05 achieved an optimized allocation of defense resources”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
LC05 up-regulated MYB and HSF transcription factors.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- LC05e2
- Gene
- MYB , HSFe0
- Outcome
- transcription factorse0
Verbatim
e0“transcription factors ( MYB , HSF ) to synergistically promote growth”
e1“while up-regulating photosynthesis-related genes”
e2“LC05 achieved an optimized allocation of defense resources”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Weakly responsive germplasms showed carbon retention and metabolic imbalance.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- weakly responsive germplasmse0
- Outcome
- carbon retention, metabolic imbalancee0
Verbatim
e0“the weakly responsive germplasms showed carbon retention, metabolic imbalance and limited activation of defense signals”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Weakly responsive germplasms had limited activation of defense signals.
- Taxon
- Leymus chinensisLeymus chinensist0
- Material
- weakly responsive germplasmse0
- Outcome
- limited activation of defense signalse0
Verbatim
e0“the weakly responsive germplasms showed carbon retention, metabolic imbalance and limited activation of defense signals”
t0“Leymus chinensis”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Leymus chinensisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
co2 · physiology: photosynthesis · Leymus chinensisResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.