Abstract
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is a staple crop in Tunisia and the Mediterranean region, where yield is strongly influenced by environmental variability. The present study evaluated 19 durum wheat lines over two cropping seasons (2021–2022 and 2022–2023) to assess genetic variability, heritability, and expected genetic advance for grain yield and its components. Variance analysis revealed significant effects of genotype, year and their interaction on most traits. Environmental conditions accounted for the largest proportion of variation in grain yield (77.91%), highlighting the dominant influence of year-to-year climatic differences. Significant genotypic variation was observed for number of plants per square meter, number of spikes per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-kernel weight, and grain yield, identifying promising lines for further selection. A high broad-sense heritability for the number of grains per spike (83.04%) with a corresponding expected genetic gain of 9.18, indicating strong additive genetic control and potential for effective selection. Other traits exhibited lower heritability and genetic gains, reflecting a substantial environmental influence. These findings provide valuable information for durum wheat breeding programs aimed at enhancing grain yield and stress adaptation in Tunisia and similar environments.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Environmental conditions accounted for 77.91 % of the variation in grain yield.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Outcome
- variation in grain yielde0
- Value
- 77.91%e0
- Qualifier
- largest proportione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e0“Environmental conditions accounted for the largest proportion of variation in grain yield (77.91%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant genotypic variation was observed for plants per square meter, spikes per square meter and grains per spike.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 19 durum wheat linese2
- Outcome
- number of plants per square meter, number of spikes per square meter, number of grains per spikee1
- Qualifier
- Significant genotypic variatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e1“Significant genotypic variation was observed for number of plants per square meter, number of spikes per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-kernel weight, and grain yield, identifying promising lines for further selection”
e2“evaluated 19 durum wheat lines over two cropping seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant genotypic variation was observed for thousand-kernel weight and grain yield.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 19 durum wheat linese2
- Outcome
- thousand-kernel weight, and grain yielde1
- Qualifier
- Significant genotypic variatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e1“Significant genotypic variation was observed for number of plants per square meter, number of spikes per square meter, number of grains per spike, thousand-kernel weight, and grain yield, identifying promising lines for further selection”
e2“evaluated 19 durum wheat lines over two cropping seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Broad-sense heritability for the number of grains per spike was high, 83.04 %.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- broad-sense heritability for the number of grains per spikee3
- Value
- 83.04%e3
- Qualifier
- highe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e3“A high broad-sense heritability for the number of grains per spike (83.04%) with a corresponding expected genetic gain of 9.18”
Claim · model-written summary
Expected genetic gain for the number of grains per spike was 9.18.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- expected genetic gaine3
- Value
- 9.18e3
- Qualifier
- number of grains per spikee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e3“A high broad-sense heritability for the number of grains per spike (83.04%) with a corresponding expected genetic gain of 9.18”
Claim · model-written summary
Other traits showed lower heritability and genetic gains, reflecting a substantial environmental influence.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- heritability and genetic gainse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Qualifier
- reflecting a substantial environmental influencee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e4“Other traits exhibited lower heritability and genetic gains, reflecting a substantial environmental influence”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype, year and their interaction had significant effects on most traits.
- Taxon
- durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Outcome
- most traitse5
- Qualifier
- significant effects of genotype, year and their interactione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)”
e5“Variance analysis revealed significant effects of genotype, year and their interaction on most traits”