Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA) and suitable rooting substrate on the rooting success and nutrient status of mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings. Cuttings treated with 2000 ppm IBA and planted in a cocopeat: perlite: vermicompost (2:1:1) mix, showed significantly improved root development, nutrient uptake and shoot biomass compared to control. At 60 days after planting, these treatments achieved the highest NPK levels, chlorophyll content, root volume and shoot growth. These results suggest that the integration of IBA with optimized suitable media can significantly enhance propagation outcomes in mulberry. The treatment comprising cocopeat + perlite + vermicompost (2:1:1) consistently outperformed others in terms of chlorophyll content (22.62%), number of primary roots (78.36%), shoot fresh weight (114.25%), root diameter (226.82%) and root volume (202.63%) as compared to the cuttings planted in sandy soil. Moreover, applying 2000 ppm IBA further optimized nutrient uptake, chlorophyll levels, shoot biomass, and root system development. Together, the cocopeat–perlite–vermicompost mix with 2000 ppm IBA emerges as an economical yet highly effective method for producing premium‐quality mulberry planting material supporting superior vegetative growth through enhanced aeration, moisture retention, nutrient availability, and root proliferation. Similar substrate blends have also shown strong performance in accelerating photosynthesis, biomass accumulation, and rooting strength.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
IBA and mixed substrate improved root development, nutrient uptake and shoot biomass over control.
Verbatim
e0“Cuttings treated with 2000 ppm IBA and planted in a cocopeat: perlite: vermicompost (2:1:1) mix, showed significantly improved root development, nutrient uptake and shoot biomass compared to control.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed substrate raised chlorophyll content relative to sandy soil by 22.62%.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment comprising cocopeat + perlite + vermicompost (2:1:1) consistently outperformed others in terms of chlorophyll content (22.62%), number of primary roots (78.36%), shoot fresh weight (114.25%), root diameter (226.82%) and root volume (202.63%) as compared to the cuttings planted in sandy soil.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed substrate raised primary root number relative to sandy soil by 78.36%.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment comprising cocopeat + perlite + vermicompost (2:1:1) consistently outperformed others in terms of chlorophyll content (22.62%), number of primary roots (78.36%), shoot fresh weight (114.25%), root diameter (226.82%) and root volume (202.63%) as compared to the cuttings planted in sandy soil.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed substrate raised shoot fresh weight relative to sandy soil by 114.25%.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment comprising cocopeat + perlite + vermicompost (2:1:1) consistently outperformed others in terms of chlorophyll content (22.62%), number of primary roots (78.36%), shoot fresh weight (114.25%), root diameter (226.82%) and root volume (202.63%) as compared to the cuttings planted in sandy soil.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed substrate raised root diameter relative to sandy soil by 226.82%.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment comprising cocopeat + perlite + vermicompost (2:1:1) consistently outperformed others in terms of chlorophyll content (22.62%), number of primary roots (78.36%), shoot fresh weight (114.25%), root diameter (226.82%) and root volume (202.63%) as compared to the cuttings planted in sandy soil.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed substrate raised root volume relative to sandy soil by 202.63%.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment comprising cocopeat + perlite + vermicompost (2:1:1) consistently outperformed others in terms of chlorophyll content (22.62%), number of primary roots (78.36%), shoot fresh weight (114.25%), root diameter (226.82%) and root volume (202.63%) as compared to the cuttings planted in sandy soil.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 2000 ppm IBA further improved nutrient uptake, chlorophyll, shoot biomass and root development.
- Taxon
- mulberrye1
- Treatment
- 2000 ppm IBAe0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake, chlorophyll levels, shoot biomass, and root system developmente0
- Direction
- optimizede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, applying 2000 ppm IBA further optimized nutrient uptake, chlorophyll levels, shoot biomass, and root system development.”
e1“mulberry ( Morus alba L.) cv . Thar Harit cuttings”
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