Abstract
Abstract Prunu s sero tina Ehrh., commonly known as capuli, represents a valuable genetic resource for breeding programs aimed at improving fruit quality. This study presents the in situ morpho-agronomic and molecular characterization of sixty capuli accessions that were collected in situ and are currently conserved in the INIAP-Ecuador National Germplasm Bank. Thirty quantitative and qualitative traits were evaluated, supported by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering to explore phenotypic structure. ANOVA revealed significant regional differentiation in key fruit traits, including fruit weight ( p = 0.000015), equatorial and polar fruit diameter ( p = 0.0036 and p = 0.0015), epidermis weight ( p = 0.0065), and seed diameter ( p = 0.011), as well as floral traits such as flower diameter ( p = 0.0002) and sepal width ( p = 0.0018). Tukey’s post hoc comparisons indicated that the strongest contrasts occurred between Cotopaxi–Tungurahua and Chimborazo–Tungurahua. Molecular analysis using five SSR primer pairs (AB, PceGA34, PS12A02, Pchpgms3, and Pchgms2) revealed high genetic variability, with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.792. Population structure analysis (STRUCTURE and PCoA) identified three major genetic groups. The results demonstrate considerable phenotypic and genetic diversity, providing essential insights for breeding strategies aimed at developing superior capuli cultivars in Ecuador.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit weight differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- Capuli
Physalis pubescenst0 - Outcome
- fruit weighte0
- Value
- p = 0.000015e0
- Setting
- regionale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant regional differentiation in key fruit traits, including fruit weight ( p = 0.000015)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Equatorial fruit diameter differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- equatoriale0
- Value
- p = 0.0036e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“equatorial and polar fruit diameter ( p = 0.0036 and p = 0.0015)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Polar fruit diameter differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- polar fruit diametere0
- Value
- p = 0.0015e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“equatorial and polar fruit diameter ( p = 0.0036 and p = 0.0015)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Epidermis weight differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- epidermis weighte0
- Value
- p = 0.0065e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epidermis weight ( p = 0.0065)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed diameter differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- seed diametere0
- Value
- p = 0.011e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed diameter ( p = 0.011)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower diameter differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- flower diametere0
- Value
- p = 0.0002e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flower diameter ( p = 0.0002)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Sepal width differed significantly by region.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- sepal widthe0
- Value
- p = 0.0018e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sepal width ( p = 0.0018)”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
The strongest trait contrasts involved Cotopaxi–Tungurahua and Chimborazo–Tungurahua.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- contrastse0
- Direction
- strongeste0
- Setting
- Cotopaxi–Tungurahua and Chimborazo–Tungurahuae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strongest contrasts occurred between Cotopaxi–Tungurahua and Chimborazo–Tungurahua”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
The five SSR markers had average PIC of 0.792, indicating high genetic variability.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- polymorphism information content (PIC)e0
- Direction
- highe0
- Value
- 0.792e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high genetic variability, with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.792”
t0“Capuli”
Claim · model-written summary
Population structure analysis identified three major genetic groups.
- Taxon
- CapuliPhysalis pubescenst0
- Outcome
- genetic groupse0
- Value
- threee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified three major genetic groups”
t0“Capuli”