Abstract
Plant root growth and architectural modifications are well-documented responses to phosphorous (P) starvation. The spatiotemporal dynamics of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in mediating root development under P deficiency, especially in cereal crops like wheat, remain insufficiently understood. A nutrient solution experiment was conducted to grow two varieties of wheat, including SM15 and HG35, with the treatments of 0.005 and 0.25 mmol/L P supply. Exogenous H2O2 and its scavenger ascorbic acid (AsA), and a NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium (DPI) were added. The distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in roots were detected by chemical staining and fluorescent probe technology. Low P supply did not change the root dry weight and total root length, while it decreased the lateral root density. The increase in the primary root and lateral root growth in P-starved wheat coincided with more ROS in the cell wall of the elongation zone. ROS production and oxidative enzyme activity of P-starved roots increased significantly. Low H2O2 induced the formation of lateral roots and significantly increased lateral root density under low P conditions. High H2O2 significantly reduced lateral root density but stimulated the nodal root formation. Exogenous AsA or DPI addition reversed the promotion of root growth imposed under the low P treatment or H2O2 addition. Furthermore, exogenous H2O2 treatment reduced the inhibitory effect of the DPI treatment on nodal root formation. It is suggested that the involvement of ROS in the regulation of wheat root system architecture under low P supply.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Low P did not change root dry weight or total root length.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Low P supplye0
- Outcome
- root dry weight and total root lengthe0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“Low P supply did not change the root dry weight and total root length”
Claim · model-written summary
Low P decreased lateral root density.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Low P supplye0
- Outcome
- lateral root densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“Low P supply did not change the root dry weight and total root length, while it decreased the lateral root density.”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary root growth increased in P starved wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P-starvede0
- Outcome
- primary roote0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- more ROS in the cell wall of the elongation zonee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“The increase in the primary root and lateral root growth in P-starved wheat coincided with more ROS in the cell wall of the elongation zone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lateral root growth increased in P starved wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P-starvede0
- Outcome
- lateral root growthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- more ROS in the cell wall of the elongation zonee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“The increase in the primary root and lateral root growth in P-starved wheat coincided with more ROS in the cell wall of the elongation zone.”
Claim · model-written summary
ROS production increased significantly in P starved roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P-starvede0
- Outcome
- ROS productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“ROS production and oxidative enzyme activity of P-starved roots increased significantly.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxidative enzyme activity increased significantly in P starved roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P-starvede0
- Outcome
- oxidative enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“ROS production and oxidative enzyme activity of P-starved roots increased significantly.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low H2O2 induced lateral root formation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Low H2O2e0
- Outcome
- formation of lateral rootse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“Low H2O2 induced the formation of lateral roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Low H2O2 increased lateral root density under low P.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Low H2O2e0
- Outcome
- lateral root densitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low P conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“Low H2O2 induced the formation of lateral roots and significantly increased lateral root density under low P conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
High H2O2 reduced lateral root density.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- High H2O2e0
- Outcome
- lateral root densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“High H2O2 significantly reduced lateral root density”
Claim · model-written summary
High H2O2 stimulated nodal root formation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- High H2O2e0
- Outcome
- nodal root formatione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“High H2O2 significantly reduced lateral root density but stimulated the nodal root formation.”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA addition reversed promotion of root growth.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Exogenous AsAe0
- Outcome
- promotion of root growthe0
- Direction
- reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“Exogenous AsA or DPI addition reversed the promotion of root growth imposed under the low P treatment or H2O2 addition.”
Claim · model-written summary
DPI addition reversed promotion of root growth.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- DPI additione0
- Outcome
- promotion of root growthe0
- Direction
- reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“Exogenous AsA or DPI addition reversed the promotion of root growth imposed under the low P treatment or H2O2 addition.”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous H2O2 reduced DPI inhibition of nodal root formation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous H2O2 treatmente0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of the DPI treatment on nodal root formatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat”
e0“exogenous H2O2 treatment reduced the inhibitory effect of the DPI treatment on nodal root formation”
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