Abstract
It is an important pathway to promote the sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine agriculture to explore the environment-friendly technology to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles of medicinal plants. In this study, ISSR molecular marker technique was used to identify 8 cultivars of R. pseudostellariae from different authentic production areas in China, which proved to have obvious molecular polymorphism. Those identified cultivars were then used as experimental materials. High pressure gas chromatography (HPLC), high-through sequencing (HTS), Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and crop physiology technology were used to explore the environmental adaptability of the medicinal plant varieties and their response to continuous cropping in the main producing area of R. pseudostellariae in Zherong, Fujian province during 2017-2019. Based on the results, two representative varieties of R. pseudostellariae were selected for intraspecific intercropping practice to study the effects of intraspecific intercropping on the growth of consecutive cropping R. pseudostellariae and its underlying mechanism of microbial flora in the rhizosphere soil. The results showed that the growth performance of these varieties was different grown in authentic production area of R. Pseudostellariae in Zherong, Fujian province. Three cultivars, such as Zhengshen 1 (ZSⅠ), Kangbing 1 (KB), and Qiantaizishen 1 (QT) had the highest medicinal yield, the reverse was true in the case of Jiangsujurong (JR) and Xuanshen 1 (XS) cultivars in newly cropping condition. Compared with that of the newly planted, the fresh weight of plant height, root length, and maximum root circumference and aboveground and underground parts decreased significantly at the seedling stage, respectively, thus resulting in shortened root tuber, decreasing single root tuber weight at the mature stage, which was considered as the main reasons for the significant decrease in the yield of R. pseudostellariae after monoculture for two years. In terms of medicinal quality, in the comparison with those of the newly planted, R. pseudostellariae, the contents of main active components, such as total polysaccharides and heterophyllin B were decreased significantly, the reverse was true in the contents of total saponins in all used cultivars after monoculture for two years, of which ZSⅡcultivar stood out in the case. The results also suggested that it was the best way to alleviate the replanting diseases, consequently increased the medicinal yield and quality using a rotation mode with nonlocal cultivars or an intraspecific intercropping pattern by different cultivars. Further analysis showed that the intraspecific intercropping facilitation resulted from the improvement of rhizosphere soil microbial diversity in the cropping system, that is, it could significantly decrease pathogens such as Fusarium, oxysporum and increase beneficial bacteria such as Pseudomonas. spp, thus, improving the microbial structure and its functional diversity in rhizosphere soil under the intercropping system. Therefore, it is the key to realize the sustainable development of TCM agriculture to excavate the potential synergistic effect of intraspecific intercropping with multiple varieties of medicinal plants and construct the corresponding cultivation techniques in the cropping system.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Eight cultivars showed molecular polymorphism.
Verbatim
e0“8 cultivars of R. pseudostellariae from different authentic production areas in China, which proved to have obvious molecular polymorphism”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed in growth performance at Zherong.
Verbatim
e0“the growth performance of these varieties was different grown in authentic production area of R. Pseudostellariae in Zherong, Fujian province”
Claim · model-written summary
Zhengshen 1, Kangbing 1 and Qiantaizishen 1 had the highest medicinal yield.
Verbatim
e0“Zhengshen 1 (ZSⅠ), Kangbing 1 (KB), and Qiantaizishen 1 (QT) had the highest medicinal yield”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Jiangsujurong and Xuanshen 1 had low medicinal yield under new cropping.
Verbatim
e0“the reverse was true in the case of Jiangsujurong (JR) and Xuanshen 1 (XS) cultivars in newly cropping condition”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
After two years of monoculture, seedling growth traits and fresh weight decreased versus new planting.
- Taxon
- Radix pseudostellariaet0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of plant height, root length, and maximum root circumferencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- newly plantede0
Not reportedTreatment
Verbatim
e0“Compared with that of the newly planted, the fresh weight of plant height, root length, and maximum root circumference and aboveground and underground parts decreased significantly at the seedling stage”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Two years of monoculture shortened root tubers and lowered single tuber weight.
Verbatim
e0“shortened root tuber, decreasing single root tuber weight at the mature stage”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Two years of monoculture significantly decreased yield.
Verbatim
e0“significant decrease in the yield of R. pseudostellariae after monoculture for two years”
Claim · model-written summary
Two years of monoculture significantly decreased total polysaccharides and heterophyllin B.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of main active components, such as total polysaccharides and heterophyllin B were decreased significantly”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Two years of monoculture increased total saponins.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“the reverse was true in the contents of total saponins in all used cultivars after monoculture for two years”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation with nonlocal cultivars was recommended to alleviate replanting disease and increase yield and quality.
Verbatim
e0“alleviate the replanting diseases, consequently increased the medicinal yield and quality using a rotation mode with nonlocal cultivars”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Intraspecific intercropping was recommended to alleviate replanting disease and increase yield and quality.
Verbatim
e0“alleviate the replanting diseases, consequently increased the medicinal yield and quality using a rotation mode with nonlocal cultivars or an intraspecific intercropping pattern by different cultivars”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping improved rhizosphere microbial diversity.
- Taxon
- Radix pseudostellariaet0
- Treatment
- intraspecific intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- rhizosphere soil microbial diversitye0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“intraspecific intercropping facilitation resulted from the improvement of rhizosphere soil microbial diversity”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping decreased Fusarium and oxysporum.
- Taxon
- Radix pseudostellariaet0
- Interactor
- Fusarium, oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogens such as Fusarium, oxysporume0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“it could significantly decrease pathogens such as Fusarium, oxysporum”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased Pseudomonas spp.
- Taxon
- Radix pseudostellariaet0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas. sppe0symbiont
- Outcome
- beneficial bacteria such as Pseudomonas. sppe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“increase beneficial bacteria such as Pseudomonas. spp”
t0“Radix pseudostellariae”