Abstract
Context Climate warming disrupts source-sink relationships that coordinate carbon acquisition and utilization in wheat. However, whether no-tillage practices can mitigate this warming-induced disruption, and how to modify source-sink coordination, remains poorly understood. Objectives We conducted a five-year field warming experiment, and systematically examined warming-induced alterations in source-sink coordination between conventional and no-tillage wheat systems. Results Principal component analysis revealed that source-sink relationships exhibited distinct physiological trade-offs, with significant correlations between carbon acquisition efficiency and reproductive structure traits, as well as between gas exchange and carbon allocation and yield components. Under ambient temperature conditions, source and sink processes contributed nearly equally to yield (44–47 % vs. 53–56 %, respectively). However, warming significantly shifted this balance towards source-domination (60 % vs. 40 %, respectively). Structural equation modeling indicated that yield responses to warming were negative under conventional tillage but positive under no-tillage, suggesting no-tillage practices modify resource allocation by maintaining photosynthetic activity under warming. Conclusions The negative effect of warming on source-sink regulation in wheat yield formation was reversed under no-tillage through flexible temperature responses and integrated regulatory networks. Significance The findings deepen impact and adaptation physiological mechanisms of climate warming on wheat systems, accelerating the development of climate-resilient agricultural practices.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Carbon acquisition efficiency correlated significantly with reproductive structure traits in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- reproductive structure traitse0
- Outcome
- carbon acquisition efficiencye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“significant correlations between carbon acquisition efficiency and reproductive structure traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Gas exchange correlated significantly with carbon allocation and yield components in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- gas exchangee0
- Qualifier
- carbon allocation and yield componentse0
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“between gas exchange and carbon allocation and yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Under ambient temperature, wheat source processes contributed 44–47 % to yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- source and sink processes contributed nearly equally to yielde0
- Value
- 44–47 %e0
- Qualifier
- ambient temperature conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Under ambient temperature conditions, source and sink processes contributed nearly equally to yield (44–47 % vs. 53–56 %, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Under ambient temperature, wheat sink processes contributed 53–56 % to yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- source and sink processes contributed nearly equally to yielde0
- Value
- 53–56 %e0
- Qualifier
- ambient temperature conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“Under ambient temperature conditions, source and sink processes contributed nearly equally to yield (44–47 % vs. 53–56 %, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming shifted the wheat source contribution to yield to 60 %.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- warminge0
- Outcome
- source-dominatione0
- Direction
- shiftede0
- Value
- 60 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“warming significantly shifted this balance towards source-domination (60 % vs. 40 %, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming shifted the wheat sink contribution to yield to 40 %.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- warminge0
- Outcome
- source-dominatione0
- Direction
- shiftede0
- Value
- 40 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“warming significantly shifted this balance towards source-domination (60 % vs. 40 %, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming had a negative yield response under conventional tillage wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- warminge0
- Outcome
- yield responsese0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Qualifier
- conventional tillagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“yield responses to warming were negative under conventional tillage but positive under no-tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Warming had a positive yield response under no-tillage wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- warminge0
- Outcome
- yield responsese0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- no-tillagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“yield responses to warming were negative under conventional tillage but positive under no-tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage maintained wheat photosynthetic activity under warming.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- no-tillage practicese0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic activitye0
- Qualifier
- under warminge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“no-tillage practices modify resource allocation by maintaining photosynthetic activity under warming”
The same questions in other papers
heat · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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