Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the heavy metal pollutants in soil. Cd stress affects the growth and development of rapeseed and significantly reduces its yield and quality. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis combining transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to explore the molecular mechanisms of rapeseed response to Cd stress. The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd. Seedlings exposed to Cd (0–400 μM) exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibition alongside increased proline accumulation and elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities. Integrated analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in roots were predominantly enriched in glutathione (GSH) metabolism, glucosinolate (GSL) biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. In shoots, DEGs and DAMs were primarily associated with MAPK signaling, GSH metabolism, and photosynthesis. Further analysis indicated that Cd stress redirected sulfur flux toward GSH metabolism at the expense of GSL biosynthesis. Moreover, genetic transformation experiments demonstrated that overexpression of BnaMYB28 enhanced Cd tolerance by promoting GSH and sulfur metabolism. Our findings elucidate the molecular response mechanism of rapeseed to Cd stress and provide a foundation for improving Cd tolerance. • Cd stress inhibited the growth of rapeseed. • Cd stress increased proline content and the activity of SOD and POD. • Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, GSH metabolism, and MAPK pathway were induced under Cd stress. • Cd stress facilitated GSH metabolism and inhibited glucosinolate biosynthesis. • Overexpression of BnaMYB28 promoted sulfur metabolism and enhanced Cd tolerance.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress inhibited rapeseed seedling growth in a dose-dependent manner
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e2“Seedlings exposed to Cd (0–400 μM) exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress increased proline accumulation in rapeseed seedlings
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e3“increased proline accumulation and elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress elevated superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities in rapeseed seedlings
- Taxon
- rapeseede1
- Treatment
- Cde1
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activitiese3
- Direction
- elevatede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e3“increased proline accumulation and elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione metabolism, glucosinolate biosynthesis and ABC transporter pathways were enriched in rapeseed roots under Cd stress
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e4“in roots were predominantly enriched in glutathione (GSH) metabolism, glucosinolate (GSL) biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was enriched in rapeseed roots under Cd stress
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e4“in roots were predominantly enriched in glutathione (GSH) metabolism, glucosinolate (GSL) biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways”
Claim · model-written summary
MAPK signaling, GSH metabolism and photosynthesis were associated with DEGs and DAMs in rapeseed shoots under Cd stress
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e5“In shoots, DEGs and DAMs were primarily associated with MAPK signaling, GSH metabolism, and photosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress redirected sulfur flux toward GSH metabolism at the expense of glucosinolate biosynthesis in rapeseed
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e6“Cd stress redirected sulfur flux toward GSH metabolism at the expense of GSL biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of BnaMYB28 enhanced Cd tolerance in rapeseed
- Taxon
- rapeseede1
- Treatment
- overexpression of BnaMYB28e7
- Gene
- BnaMYB28e7
- Outcome
- Cd tolerancee7
- Direction
- enhancede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e7“overexpression of BnaMYB28 enhanced Cd tolerance by promoting GSH and sulfur metabolism”
Claim · model-written summary
BnaMYB28 promotes GSH and sulfur metabolism in rapeseed under Cd stress
Verbatim
e1“The rapeseed seedlings were treated with 5 concentrations (0, 100, 200,300, and 400 μM) of Cd”
e7“overexpression of BnaMYB28 enhanced Cd tolerance by promoting GSH and sulfur metabolism”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.