Paper · 2013 · International Journal of Agriculture and Biology

Aqeous swine cress (Coronopus didymus) extracts inhibit wheat germination and early seedling growth.

Abdul Khaliq; Saddam Hussain; Amar Matloob; et al.

16
claims
28
verbatim quotes
13
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Suspected allelopathic activity of swine-cress (Coronopus didymus L.) was evaluated based on germination and early seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a laboratory bioassay. Aqueous root, leaf and whole plant extracts of swine-cress were applied at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10% (w/v). Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations. Variable phytotoxicity was exhibited by different extract sources and leaf extract caused the greatest inhibition. Nonetheless, the degree of inhibition increased in a concentration dependent manner for all extract sources. Compared to the control all treatments increased the time to 50% germination, and mean germination time, with corresponding decreases in germination index and final germination percentage of wheat. Higher (10%) concentration of root, leaf and whole plant extracts reduced final germination by 36, 59 and 39%, respectively. Leaf extract caused more inhibition of wheat shoot length, root length and dry biomass than other extracts. Wheat seedling dry biomass was inhibited 73% by leaf extract, 65% by whole plant extract and 12% by root extract at 10% concentration. All extracts reduced chlorophyll contents and increased phenolics in wheat seedlings. The results suggest that the inhibitory allelopathic activity of swine-cress against germination and seedling growth of wheat should be explored under field conditions. © 2013 Friends Science Publishers

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Aqueous swine-cress extracts significantly inhibited germination and seedling growth of wheat.

Treatment
Aqueous root, leaf and whole plant extracts of swine-cresse1
Interactor
swine-cresse1weed
Outcome
germination and seedling growthe0
Direction
inhibitione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e1

“Aqueous root, leaf and whole plant extracts of swine-cress were applied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 189–260 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phytotoxicity to wheat varied with the source of the swine-cress extract.

Treatment
different extract sourcese2
Interactor
swine-cresse1weed
Outcome
phytotoxicitye2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e2

“Variable phytotoxicity was exhibited by different extract sources”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 424–489 · show in text ↑
e1

“Aqueous root, leaf and whole plant extracts of swine-cress were applied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 189–260 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf extract caused the greatest inhibition of wheat among the extract sources.

Treatment
leaf extracte3
Outcome
inhibitione3
Direction
greateste3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e3

“leaf extract caused the greatest inhibition”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 494–537 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The degree of wheat inhibition increased with extract concentration for all extract sources.

Treatment
concentratione4
Outcome
degree of inhibitione4
Direction
increasede4
Qualifier
in a concentration dependent mannere4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e4

“the degree of inhibition increased in a concentration dependent manner”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 552–622 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All extract treatments increased the time to 50% germination and the mean germination time of wheat compared with the control.

Treatment
all treatmentse5
Outcome
time to 50% germination, and mean germination timee5
Direction
increasede5
Comparator
controle5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e5

“Compared to the control all treatments increased the time to 50% germination, and mean germination time”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 648–751 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All extract treatments decreased the germination index and final germination percentage of wheat compared with the control.

Treatment
all treatmentse6
Outcome
germination index and final germination percentagee7
Direction
decreasese7
Comparator
controle6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“Compared to the control all treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 648–686 · show in text ↑
e7

“with corresponding decreases in germination index and final germination percentage of wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 753–844 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 10% concentration, root extract reduced final germination of wheat by 36%.

Organ / stage
roote1
Treatment
Higher (10%) concentratione1
Outcome
final germinatione1
Direction
reducede1
Value
36e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e1

“Higher (10%) concentration of root, leaf and whole plant extracts reduced final germination by 36, 59 and 39%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 846–969 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 10% concentration, leaf extract reduced final germination of wheat by 59%.

Organ / stage
leafe1
Treatment
Higher (10%) concentratione1
Outcome
final germinatione1
Direction
reducede1
Value
59e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e1

“Higher (10%) concentration of root, leaf and whole plant extracts reduced final germination by 36, 59 and 39%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 846–969 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 10% concentration, whole plant extract reduced final germination of wheat by 39%.

Organ / stage
whole plante1
Treatment
Higher (10%) concentratione1
Outcome
final germinatione1
Direction
reducede1
Value
39%e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results revealed significant inhibition of germination and seedling growth of wheat for all extract sources and concentrations”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 296–422 · show in text ↑
e1

“Higher (10%) concentration of root, leaf and whole plant extracts reduced final germination by 36, 59 and 39%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 846–969 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf extract inhibited wheat seedling dry biomass by 73% at 10% concentration.

Treatment
leaf extracte0
Outcome
seedling dry biomasse0
Direction
inhibitede0
Value
73%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Wheat seedling dry biomass was inhibited 73% by leaf extract, 65% by whole plant extract and 12% by root extract at 10% concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1079–1212 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Whole plant extract inhibited wheat seedling dry biomass by 65% at 10% concentration.

Treatment
whole plant extracte0
Outcome
seedling dry biomasse0
Direction
inhibitede0
Value
65%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Wheat seedling dry biomass was inhibited 73% by leaf extract, 65% by whole plant extract and 12% by root extract at 10% concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1079–1212 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root extract inhibited wheat seedling dry biomass by 12% at 10% concentration.

Treatment
root extracte0
Outcome
seedling dry biomasse0
Direction
inhibitede0
Value
12%e0
Qualifier
at 10% concentratione0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Wheat seedling dry biomass was inhibited 73% by leaf extract, 65% by whole plant extract and 12% by root extract at 10% concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1079–1212 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf extract caused more inhibition of wheat shoot length, root length and dry biomass than the other extracts.

Treatment
Leaf extracte0
Outcome
shoot length, root length and dry biomasse0
Direction
more inhibitione0
Comparator
other extractse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Leaf extract caused more inhibition of wheat shoot length, root length and dry biomass than other extracts”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 971–1077 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All extracts reduced chlorophyll contents of wheat seedlings.

Treatment
All extractse0
Outcome
chlorophyll contentse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“All extracts reduced chlorophyll contents”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1214–1255 · show in text ↑
e1

“in wheat seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1280–1298 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All extracts increased phenolics in wheat seedlings.

Treatment
All extractse0
Outcome
phenolicse1
Direction
increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“All extracts reduced chlorophyll contents”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1214–1255 · show in text ↑
e1

“increased phenolics in wheat seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1260–1298 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The inhibitory allelopathic activity of swine-cress on wheat should be explored under field conditions.

Outcome
should be explored under field conditionse0
Setting
field conditionse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The results suggest that the inhibitory allelopathic activity of swine-cress against germination and seedling growth of wheat should be explored under field conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1300–1467 · show in text ↑

botanical · quality: phytochemicals · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

13 papers: 11 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

9 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

botanical · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

47 papers: 31 positive, 16 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

43 papers more in this group

See all 47 papers →

botanical · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

73 papers: 56 positive, 17 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 56 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

69 papers more in this group

See all 73 papers →

botanical · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

435 papers: 206 positive, 229 negative or no effect

228 papers in the same direction as this paper · 206 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

431 papers more in this group

See all 435 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.