Abstract
Effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, Trichoderma harzianum and their combined effect on the anatomical structure of onion roots was followed up after 12, 18, 24 hrs and 3, 5, 7, 10 days from inoculation with T.harzianum. It revealed that the mycelial growth of T.harzianum surrounded the epidermal tissues of the root without penetration. The epidermis, cortex layers and the vascular bundles, were normal in their structure. No anatomical changes were noticed in the roots inoculated with Fusarium up to 24 hrs following inoculation. Three days after inoculation the fungus penetrated the epidermal layer towards the ground tissue. Five days after inoculation it destroyed the cortex tissue with a noticeable invasion of the fungal mycelium through the cortex cells either intercellularly and/or intracellularly. The mycelial mats aggregated in the pericycle layer and progressed towards the vascular bundles. After ten days it completely destroyed the tissues which was occupied with the fungal chlamydospores. Root tissues inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae and T. harzianum after 12, 18, 24 hrs and 3, 5, 7, 10 days looked as the control. The epidermis, cortex layers and vascular bundles were normal in their structure and seemed slightly hypertrophic.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma mycelium surrounded onion root epidermis without penetrating it.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae1 - Organ / stage
- roote0
- Interactor
- T.harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- surrounded the epidermal tissues of the root without penetratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mycelial growth of T.harzianum surrounded the epidermal tissues of the root without penetration”
e1“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion epidermis, cortex and vascular bundles remained structurally normal with Trichoderma.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianume1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- epidermis, cortex layers and the vascular bundles, were normal in their structuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The epidermis, cortex layers and the vascular bundles, were normal in their structure”
e1“Trichoderma harzianum”
e2“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium inoculated onion roots showed no anatomical change up to 24 hours.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae1
- Outcome
- No anatomical changese0
- Qualifier
- up to 24 hrs following inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No anatomical changes were noticed in the roots inoculated with Fusarium up to 24 hrs following inoculation”
e1“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium penetrated onion root epidermis toward ground tissue after three days.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Outcome
- penetrated the epidermal layer towards the ground tissuee0
- Qualifier
- Three days after inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three days after inoculation the fungus penetrated the epidermal layer towards the ground tissue”
e1“inoculated with Fusarium”
e2“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium destroyed onion root cortex tissue five days after inoculation and invaded cortex cells.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Outcome
- destroyed the cortex tissue with a noticeable invasion of the fungal mycelium through the cortex cellse0
- Qualifier
- Five days after inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Five days after inoculation it destroyed the cortex tissue with a noticeable invasion of the fungal mycelium through the cortex cells either intercellularly and/or intracellularly”
e1“inoculated with Fusarium”
e2“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal mycelium accumulated in the pericycle and advanced toward onion vascular bundles.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Outcome
- mycelial mats aggregated in the pericycle layer and progressed towards the vascular bundlese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mycelial mats aggregated in the pericycle layer and progressed towards the vascular bundles”
e1“inoculated with Fusarium”
e2“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
After ten days Fusarium completely destroyed onion root tissue, which contained chlamydospores.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae2
- Outcome
- completely destroyed the tissues which was occupied with the fungal chlamydosporese0
- Qualifier
- After ten dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After ten days it completely destroyed the tissues which was occupied with the fungal chlamydospores”
e1“inoculated with Fusarium”
e2“onion roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion roots given both organisms resembled controls across sampled times, with normal and slightly hypertrophic tissues.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae1
- Treatment
- inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae and T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepaee0pathogen - Second interactor
- T. harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- epidermis, cortex layers and vascular bundles were normal in their structure and seemed slightly hypertrophice0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root tissues inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae and T. harzianum after 12, 18, 24 hrs and 3, 5, 7, 10 days looked as the control. The epidermis, cortex layers and vascular bundles were normal in their structure and seemed slightly hypertrophic”
e1“onion roots”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · soil: physics · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.