Abstract
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilization is widely used to enhance crop productivity. However, the synergistic effects of combined N, P, and K application on sweetpotato yield and nutrient use efficiency are not fully understood. To address this knowledge gap, a field experiment was conducted with five treatments: control (CK), no N (-N), no P (-P), no K (-K), and full NPK application (NPK). We systematically analyzed storage root yield, yield components, and nutrient accumulation characteristics. Additionally, fertilizer use efficiency and soil nutrient balance were evaluated. The NPK treatment significantly increased storage root yield by 34.8–53.1% compared with single nutrient deficiency treatments. The greatest yield reduction was observed under -P conditions, associated with low soil available P and a disordered N and K allocation ratio (5.10–14.40%). Phosphorus application resulted in high agronomic efficiency (187.79 kg kg−1 P2O5) but low recovery efficiency (0.05–0.25 kg kg−1 P2O5), whereas -N and -K treatments led to soil P surplus (50.25–63.06 kg ha−1). A logistic model revealed that NPK treatment increased the maximum and average nutrient accumulation rates compared with deficient treatments. Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive relationships between yield and yield components, as well as nutrient accumulation in storage roots and whole plants. Random forest regression identified P accumulation in storage roots as the most important predictor of yield. In conclusion, combined NPK fertilization enhances both storage root yield and nutrient use efficiency, with targeted P management playing a critical role in achieving high-yield and high-efficiency sweetpotato production.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Full NPK application significantly increased storage root yield by 34.8–53.1% compared with single nutrient deficiency treatments in a field experiment.
- Taxon
- sweetpotato
_Flower.jpg?width=60)
Ipomoea batatast0 - Organ / stage
- storage roote3
- Treatment
- full NPK applicatione2
- Outcome
- storage root yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 34.8–53.1%e3
- Comparator
- single nutrient deficiency treatmentse3
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Flower.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e2“a field experiment was conducted with five treatments: control (CK), no N (-N), no P (-P), no K (-K), and full NPK application (NPK)”
e3“The NPK treatment significantly increased storage root yield by 34.8–53.1% compared with single nutrient deficiency treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus deficiency (-P) gave the greatest sweetpotato yield reduction, associated with low soil available P.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- -Pe4
- Outcome
- yield reductione4
- Direction
- greateste4
- Qualifier
- associated with low soil available P and a disordered N and K allocation ratioe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e4“The greatest yield reduction was observed under -P conditions, associated with low soil available P and a disordered N and K allocation ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application gave high agronomic efficiency of 187.79 kg kg-1 P2O5 in sweetpotato.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- Phosphorus applicatione5
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye5
- Value
- 187.79 kg kg−1 P2O5e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e5“Phosphorus application resulted in high agronomic efficiency (187.79 kg kg−1 P2O5) but low recovery efficiency (0.05–0.25 kg kg−1 P2O5), whereas -N and -K treatments led to soil P surplus (50.25–63.06 kg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application gave low recovery efficiency of 0.05–0.25 kg kg-1 P2O5 in sweetpotato.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- Phosphorus applicatione5
- Outcome
- recovery efficiencye5
- Value
- 0.05–0.25 kg kg−1 P2O5e5
- Qualifier
- lowe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e5“Phosphorus application resulted in high agronomic efficiency (187.79 kg kg−1 P2O5) but low recovery efficiency (0.05–0.25 kg kg−1 P2O5), whereas -N and -K treatments led to soil P surplus (50.25–63.06 kg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting N and K led to a soil P surplus of 50.25–63.06 kg ha-1 in the sweetpotato field.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- -N and -K treatmentse5
- Outcome
- soil P surpluse5
- Direction
- increaseinferrede5
- Value
- 50.25–63.06 kg ha−1e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e5“Phosphorus application resulted in high agronomic efficiency (187.79 kg kg−1 P2O5) but low recovery efficiency (0.05–0.25 kg kg−1 P2O5), whereas -N and -K treatments led to soil P surplus (50.25–63.06 kg ha−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK treatment increased the maximum and average nutrient accumulation rates compared with deficient treatments in sweetpotato.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- NPK treatmente6
- Outcome
- maximum and average nutrient accumulation ratese6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Comparator
- deficient treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e6“A logistic model revealed that NPK treatment increased the maximum and average nutrient accumulation rates compared with deficient treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield and yield components of sweetpotato showed significant positive relationships.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Outcome
- yield and yield componentse7
- Qualifier
- significant positive relationshipse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e7“Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive relationships between yield and yield components, as well as nutrient accumulation in storage roots and whole plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient accumulation in sweetpotato storage roots and whole plants was positively correlated with yield.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Organ / stage
- storage rootse7
- Outcome
- nutrient accumulation in storage roots and whole plantse7
- Direction
- positivee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e7“Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive relationships between yield and yield components, as well as nutrient accumulation in storage roots and whole plants”
Claim · model-written summary
P accumulation in storage roots was the most important predictor of sweetpotato yield in random forest regression.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Organ / stage
- storage rootse0
- Compound
- P accumulation in storage rootse0
- Outcome
- most important predictor of yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e0“Random forest regression identified P accumulation in storage roots as the most important predictor of yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Targeted P management is critical for achieving high-yield and high-efficiency sweetpotato production.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- targeted P managemente1
- Outcome
- achieving high-yield and high-efficiency sweetpotato productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e1“combined NPK fertilization enhances both storage root yield and nutrient use efficiency, with targeted P management playing a critical role in achieving high-yield and high-efficiency sweetpotato production”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined NPK fertilization enhances both storage root yield and nutrient use efficiency of sweetpotato.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatast0
- Treatment
- combined NPK fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- storage root yield and nutrient use efficiencye1
- Direction
- enhancese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sweetpotato”
e1“combined NPK fertilization enhances both storage root yield and nutrient use efficiency, with targeted P management playing a critical role in achieving high-yield and high-efficiency sweetpotato production”
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See all 145 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.