Abstract
Abstract The distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk oblast has been studied. The assessment of distribution is performed on a grid basis. In the 20th century, mistletoe was noted in 8 cells, and now the species has been registered in 95 cells out of 378 squares of grid mapping. Recently, the species range in the region has significantly expanded in the northeastern direction. Most often, mistletoe is noted in the central, southern, and southeastern regions of Bryansk oblast; the species has not been found in the southwestern regions on the border with Belarus in the 21st century. There have been no finds north of Bryansk in the region. In Bryansk oblast, mistletoe has been noted on 29 species of woody plants; in natural habitats it is most often recorded on Betula pendula. Within the boundaries of populated areas, V. album is most often found on Betula pendula, Sorbus aucuparia, Acer platanoides, Populus tremula, Pyrus communis, Prunus domestica, and Malus domestica. V. album has been occasionally found on Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies. V. album attacks young plants with unformed bark and weakened old-growth trees with soft wood confined to forest belts along highways, river valleys, old manor parks, and urban plantings. In parkland, V. album is found mainly on isolated trees that are well lit by the sun. The main distributor of mistletoe in the region is Bombycilla garrulus. The features of V. album dispersal in a model settlement (village of Dobrun, Bryansk district) are considered, where the species has spread over the plantings of the entire village territory in 20 years. Pregenerative and young generative plants predominate in the studied population.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album was registered in 95 of 378 grid squares in Bryansk oblast, versus 8 cells in the 20th century.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.
Viscum albumt0 - Outcome
- registered in 95 cellse1
- Value
- 95 cells out of 378 squarese1
- Qualifier
- In the 20th century, mistletoe was noted in 8 cellse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“In the 20th century, mistletoe was noted in 8 cells, and now the species has been registered in 95 cells out of 378 squares of grid mapping”
Claim · model-written summary
The range of Viscum album in the region expanded in the northeastern direction.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- species rangee2
- Direction
- expandede2
- Qualifier
- in the northeastern directione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e2“Recently, the species range in the region has significantly expanded in the northeastern direction”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album is most often noted in the central, southern, and southeastern regions of Bryansk oblast.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- mistletoe is notede3
- Setting
- central, southern, and southeastern regions of Bryansk oblaste3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e3“Most often, mistletoe is noted in the central, southern, and southeastern regions of Bryansk oblast”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album has not been found in the southwestern regions on the Belarus border in the 21st century.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- has not been founde4
- Qualifier
- in the 21st centurye4
- Setting
- southwestern regions on the border with Belaruse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e4“the species has not been found in the southwestern regions on the border with Belarus in the 21st century”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album has no finds north of Bryansk in the region.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- no findse5
- Setting
- north of Bryanske5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e5“There have been no finds north of Bryansk in the region”
Claim · model-written summary
Mistletoe has been noted on 29 species of woody plants in Bryansk oblast.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Interactor
- woody plantse6host
- Outcome
- notede6
- Value
- 29 species of woody plantse6
- Setting
- Bryansk oblaste6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e6“In Bryansk oblast, mistletoe has been noted on 29 species of woody plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In natural habitats Viscum album is most often recorded on Betula pendula.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Interactor
- Betula pendula
Betula pendulae7host - Outcome
- recordede7
- Qualifier
- most oftene7
- Setting
- natural habitatse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e7“in natural habitats it is most often recorded on Betula pendula”
Claim · model-written summary
Within populated areas Viscum album is most often found on Betula pendula and Sorbus aucuparia, among other hosts.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Interactor
- Betula pendulaBetula pendulae1host
- Second interactor
- Sorbus aucuparia
Sorbus aucupariae1host - Outcome
- founde1
- Qualifier
- Acer platanoides, Populus tremula, Pyrus communis, Prunus domestica, and Malus domesticae1
- Setting
- populated arease1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“Within the boundaries of populated areas, V. album is most often found on Betula pendula, Sorbus aucuparia, Acer platanoides, Populus tremula, Pyrus communis, Prunus domestica, and Malus domestica”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album has occasionally been found on Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Interactor
- Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestrise1host - Second interactor
- Picea abies
Picea abiese1host - Outcome
- founde1
- Qualifier
- occasionallye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“V. album has been occasionally found on Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album attacks young plants and weakened old-growth trees with soft wood.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- attacks young plantse1
- Qualifier
- with unformed bark and weakened old-growth trees with soft woode1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“V. album attacks young plants with unformed bark and weakened old-growth trees with soft wood”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album is confined to forest belts along highways, river valleys, old manor parks, and urban plantings.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- confined to forest beltse1
- Setting
- highways, river valleys, old manor parks, and urban plantingse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“confined to forest belts along highways, river valleys, old manor parks, and urban plantings”
Claim · model-written summary
In parkland Viscum album is found mainly on isolated trees that are well lit by the sun.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- found mainly on isolated treese1
- Qualifier
- well lit by the sune1
- Setting
- parklande1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“In parkland, V. album is found mainly on isolated trees that are well lit by the sun”
Claim · model-written summary
Bombycilla garrulus is the main distributor of mistletoe in the region.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Interactor
- Bombycilla garrulus
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Bombycilla garruluse1other - Outcome
- main distributore1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Uitkerke%2C_Belgium_(16366736689).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“The main distributor of mistletoe in the region is Bombycilla garrulus”
Claim · model-written summary
Viscum album spread over the plantings of the entire village territory of Dobrun in 20 years.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Outcome
- spread over the plantings of the entire village territorye1
- Value
- 20 yearse1
- Setting
- village of Dobrun, Bryansk districte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“The features of V. album dispersal in a model settlement (village of Dobrun, Bryansk district) are considered, where the species has spread over the plantings of the entire village territory in 20 years”
Claim · model-written summary
Pregenerative and young generative Viscum album plants predominate in the studied population.
- Taxon
- Viscum album L.Viscum albumt0
- Organ / stage
- Pregenerative and young generative plantse1
- Outcome
- predominatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Distribution of Viscum album L. in Bryansk Oblast”
e1“Pregenerative and young generative plants predominate in the studied population”