Abstract
Drought is the central abiotic stressor limiting agricultural sustainability in arid and semi-arid regions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can play a key role in drought resistance in many vegetables including watermelon. This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0). This study provides a theoretical basis for rootstock-PGPR synergistic regulation for efficient water-saving in cultivation of watermelon in water stressed environments.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Severe continuous water stress reduced yield about 40% in both grafted and ungrafted watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse1 - Treatment
- continuous severe water stress (CSWS)e0
- Outcome
- yield losse0
- Direction
- losse0
- Value
- approximately 40 %e0
- Comparator
- non-water stress (NWS)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS)”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aurescens increased grafted watermelon yield by up to 20% under CSWS.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- P. aurescense0
- Interactor
- P. aurescensPaenarthrobacter aurescense0symbiont
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- up to 20 %e0
- Qualifier
- Under CSWSe1
- Comparator
- plants without PGPRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency about 21% in grafted plants under CSWS.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- P. aurescense0
- Interactor
- P. aurescensPaenarthrobacter aurescense0symbiont
- Outcome
- irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- approximately 21 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR were more effective under severe than mild or moderate water stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Outcome
- more effectivee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- mild and moderate water stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR significantly protected watermelon against water stress.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- PGPRse1
- Outcome
- damaging effects of water stresse0
- Direction
- protectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR did not significantly affect fruit weight, width and length.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- PGPRse0
- Outcome
- weight, width, lengthe0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR did not significantly affect rind thickness and flesh color.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- PGPRse0
- Outcome
- rind thickness, and flesh colore0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR increased soluble solids in ungrafted watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- PGPRse1
- Outcome
- soluble solids contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR increased total phenolic compounds in grafted watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- PGPRse1
- Outcome
- total phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total phenolic compounds in grafted plants”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aurescens reduced fruit sucrose content.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- P. aurescense0
- Interactor
- P. aurescensPaenarthrobacter aurescense0symbiont
- Outcome
- sucrose content in the fruite0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aurescens reduced total sugar content of fruit.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- P. aurescense1
- Interactor
- P. aurescensPaenarthrobacter aurescense1symbiont
- Outcome
- total sugar content of fruitse0
- Direction
- drope0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing water stress increased watermelon CWSI.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Treatment
- increasing water stresse0
- Outcome
- CWSI valuese0
- Direction
- risee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
The CWSI threshold was 0.20 in grafted plants.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Material
- grafted plantse0
- Outcome
- CWSI thresholde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.20e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0)”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
Claim · model-written summary
The CWSI threshold was 0 in ungrafted plants.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse1
- Material
- ungrafted plantse0
- Outcome
- CWSI thresholde0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 0e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0)”
e1“This study examined the effects of two distinct PGPRs ( Pseudarthrobacter polychromogenes and Paenarthrobacter aurescens ) secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase on yield, yield traits, fruit quality, and crop water stress index (CWSI) in watermelons of ungrafted and grafted (onto wild watermelon rootstock) under various deficit irrigation methods over the course of 2-year field trials in 2023 and 2024. This study results showed that increased water stress caused significant fruit yield loss. In both grafted and ungrafted plants, continuous severe water stress (CSWS) conditions led to yield loss of approximately 40 % by comparison to non-water stress (NWS). PGPRs produced varied results in grafted and ungrafted plants. Under CSWS, the wild watermelon rootstock interacted with rhizobacteria, particularly P. aurescens , increasing yield by up to 20 % compared to plants without PGPR. In grafted plants, P. aurescens increased irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by approximately 21 % under CSWS irrigation strategy. PGPRs were more effective under severe water stress than mild and moderate water stress, and they significantly protected watermelon from the damaging effects of water stress. PGPRs did not significantly affect the physical properties of watermelon fruits, including weight, width, length, rind thickness, and flesh color. However, they increased the soluble solids content in ungrafted plants and total phenolic compounds in grafted plants. Conversely, P. aurescens reduced the sucrose content in the fruit, resulting in a drop in the total sugar content of fruits produced in the presence of this bacterial species. The mean CWSI values of watermelon varied considerably under different deficit irrigation strategies, and increasing water stress caused CWSI values to rise. CWSI threshold were found higher in grafted plants (0.20) than in ungrafted plants (0).”
The same questions in other papers
drought · yield · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results differ
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