Abstract
Predicting germination timing and the responses of various genotypes to temperature and drought stress is essential for identifying genotypes that are tolerant to adverse environmental conditions. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the cardinal germination temperatures of sorghum genotypes and examine the impact of priming on their hydrotime model coefficients. The first experiment grew the sorghum varieties Pegah, Speedfeed, and Pejpal at nine temperatures (5–45°C). Results revealed that base temperatures were very similar for all genotypes, and optimum temperatures ranged from 25.46 to 31.38°C. The ceiling temperature was estimated at 42°C for all varieties. Factors of the second experiment included in the hydrotime model were six drought levels between 0 and −2 MPa, and priming at four levels (control, hydropriming, and nanopriming with potassium nanosilicate (PNS) and nanozinc oxide (nZnO) at 250 mg/l concentrations). Results of the hydrotime model showed that coefficients were influenced by priming, such that priming treatments decreased the hydrotime coefficient (θH) and made the base potential more negative. The Pejpal genotype under unprimed control conditions was the most drought tolerant, but Speedfeed was the most drought sensitive. In addition, PNS treatment was the most effective at increasing the germination of sorghum genotypes, as it decreased the base potential by at least −0.3 MPa. The outputs of the nonlinear regression and hydrotime models can predict germination speed under various environmental conditions. Moreover, hydrotime analysis helps identify resilient genotypes and effective seed treatments to mitigate the adverse effects of challenging environments.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Base germination temperatures were similar among sorghum genotypes.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“base temperatures were very similar for all genotypes”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum germination temperatures ranged from 25.46 to 31.38°C.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimum temperatures ranged from 25.46 to 31.38°C”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Estimated ceiling germination temperature was 42°C for all varieties.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ceiling temperature was estimated at 42°C for all varieties”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming reduced the hydrotime coefficient.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming treatments decreased the hydrotime coefficient (θH) and made the base potential more negative”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming made base potential more negative.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming treatments decreased the hydrotime coefficient (θH) and made the base potential more negative”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Unprimed Pejpal was the most drought tolerant genotype.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Pejpal genotype under unprimed control conditions was the most drought tolerant”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Speedfeed was the most drought sensitive genotype.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Speedfeed was the most drought sensitive”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
PNS treatment was the most effective at increasing germination.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PNS treatment was the most effective at increasing the germination of sorghum genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
PNS lowered base potential by at least −0.3 MPa.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased the base potential by at least −0.3 MPa”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
e1“PNS treatment was the most effective at increasing the germination of sorghum genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonlinear regression and hydrotime models predicted germination speed across environmental conditions.
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The outputs of the nonlinear regression and hydrotime models can predict germination speed under various environmental conditions”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrotime analysis helped identify resilient genotypes and effective seed treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hydrotime analysis helps identify resilient genotypes and effective seed treatments to mitigate the adverse effects of challenging environments”
t0“Sorghum Genotypes”
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