Abstract
BACKGROUND: DNA methylation plays a key role in regulating plant growth and development, secondary metabolism, and environmental adaptability and is affected by DNA methyltransferase (C5-MTase) and demethylase (dMTase). However, the response of C5-MTase and dMTase genes to abiotic stress in Isodon rubescens remains largely unknown. RESULTS: In this study, eight IrC5-MTase genes and five IrdMTase genes were identified within the genome of I. rubescens. The IrC5-MTases were phylogenetically divided into four subfamilies (CMT, DRM, MET and DNMT2), and the IrdMTase were divided into two subgroups (ROS and DML) on the basis sequence similarity, conserved motif and domain architecture. The IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were unevenly distributed on 5 and 4 chromosomes, respectively. Cis‑acting element analysis revealed that the IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were enriched with multiple light-, phytohormone- and stress-responsive elements. Importantly, the level of DNA methylation in I. rubescens was influenced by different 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) concentrations or light intensities but unaffected by different NaCl concentrations. Accordingly, the expression of IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were significantly upregulated or downregulated in response to different concentrations of 5-azaC or amounts of light stress, however, no conspicuous differences were observed under different degrees of NaCl stress. Expression correlation analysis revealed that the expression of IrCMT2a, IrMET1, and IrDML4 was most closely related to the DNA methylation level in I. rubescens. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal the characteristics and differential expression of the IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes in response to 5-azaC, light or NaCl stresses and will facilitate future epigenetic studies in I. rubescens.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Eight IrC5-MTase genes were identified in I. rubescens.
- Taxon
- I. rubescens
.jpg?width=60)
Isodon rubescense0 - Gene
- IrC5-MTasee0
- Outcome
- genese0
- Value
- eighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“eight IrC5-MTase genes and five IrdMTase genes were identified within the genome of I. rubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Five IrdMTase genes were identified in I. rubescens.
- Taxon
- I. rubescensIsodon rubescense0
- Gene
- IrdMTasee0
- Outcome
- genese0
- Value
- fivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eight IrC5-MTase genes and five IrdMTase genes were identified within the genome of I. rubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
IrC5-MTases were divided into four subfamilies.
Verbatim
e0“The IrC5-MTases were phylogenetically divided into four subfamilies (CMT, DRM, MET and DNMT2)”
Claim · model-written summary
IrdMTases were divided into two subgroups.
Verbatim
e0“the IrdMTase were divided into two subgroups (ROS and DML)”
Claim · model-written summary
IrC5-MTase genes were unevenly distributed on five chromosomes.
Verbatim
e0“The IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were unevenly distributed on 5 and 4 chromosomes, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
IrdMTase genes were unevenly distributed on four chromosomes.
Verbatim
e0“The IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were unevenly distributed on 5 and 4 chromosomes, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The methylation gene families were enriched with light, phytohormone and stress responsive elements.
Verbatim
e0“the IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were enriched with multiple light-, phytohormone- and stress-responsive elements”
Claim · model-written summary
5-azacytidine concentrations influenced DNA methylation in I. rubescens.
- Taxon
- I. rubescensIsodon rubescense0
- Treatment
- different 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) concentrationse0
- Outcome
- level of DNA methylatione0
- Direction
- influencede0
- Comparator
- different 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of DNA methylation in I. rubescens was influenced by different 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) concentrations or light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
Light intensities influenced DNA methylation in I. rubescens.
- Taxon
- I. rubescensIsodon rubescense0
- Treatment
- light intensitiese0
- Outcome
- level of DNA methylatione0
- Direction
- influencede0
- Comparator
- light intensitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of DNA methylation in I. rubescens was influenced by different 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) concentrations or light intensities”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl concentrations did not affect DNA methylation in I. rubescens.
- Taxon
- I. rubescensIsodon rubescense0
- Treatment
- different NaCl concentrationse0
- Outcome
- level of DNA methylatione0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
- Comparator
- different NaCl concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of DNA methylation in I. rubescens was influenced by different 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) concentrations or light intensities but unaffected by different NaCl concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
5-azaC concentrations significantly altered expression of methylation genes.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were significantly upregulated or downregulated in response to different concentrations of 5-azaC or amounts of light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Light stress significantly altered expression of methylation genes.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of IrC5-MTase and IrdMTase genes were significantly upregulated or downregulated in response to different concentrations of 5-azaC or amounts of light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl stress produced no conspicuous expression differences.
Verbatim
e0“no conspicuous differences were observed under different degrees of NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of IrCMT2a, IrMET1 and IrDML4 was most closely related to DNA methylation level.
- Taxon
- I. rubescensIsodon rubescense0
- Gene
- IrCMT2a, IrMET1, and IrDML4e0
- Outcome
- DNA methylation levele0
- Direction
- most closely relatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of IrCMT2a, IrMET1, and IrDML4 was most closely related to the DNA methylation level in I. rubescens”