Abstract
Identification is an important activity in the management of plant diseases because by knowing the identity of the fungus found in cocoa beans, a strategy can be determined as a first step before controlling the fungus to prevent the spread of the fungus. This research aims to determine the fungi associated with the MCC 01, MCC 02, Sulawesi 1, and THR clones on uncontrol handling and controlled handling cocoa beans and to determine whether uncontrol handling and controlled handling reduce inoculum sources to suppress fungi growth and development. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from January 2023 to March 2023. This research was carried out by testing the agar method (agar plate), the media used was potato sucrose agar (PSA). There were four samples of cocoa bean clones, namely MCC 01, MCC 02, Sulawesi 1, and THR from Kuta Dalom Village, Pesawaran Regency, which were grown on 128 plates of PSA media (64 plates using 2% NaOCl and 64 plates without NaOCl) for each clone. Cocoa beans contained 32 cups each uncontrol handling and controlled handling. So there are 128 cups of PSA media. Isolates that have been obtained are then identified 7 days after isolation. Observations in this study were carried out macroscopically and microscopically. Macroscopic observations were carried out to differentiate growing fungi based on the color, shape and size of the colonies. Meanwhile, microscopic observations were made to differentiate growing fungus based on the structure of the fungi body. The results showed that from the uncontrol handling and the controlled handling, three fungi were found, namely Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizoctonia sp. The fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger show that controlled handling can reduce the source of inoculum compared to uncontrol handling. In contrast to the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, the fungi Rhizoctonia sp. shows that controlled handling cannot reduce the source of inoculum. Key words: Aspergillus, bean, cocoa, Rhizoctonia, handling
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Rhizoctonia sp. were found on cocoa beans under uncontrolled and controlled handling.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacaot0 - Interactor
- Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus flavuse1other - Second interactor
- Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus nigere1other - Outcome
- three fungi were founde1
- Qualifier
- Rhizoctonia sp.e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Theobroma cacao L.”
e1“three fungi were found, namely Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizoctonia sp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled handling reduced the inoculum source of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger on cocoa beans compared with uncontrolled handling.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacaoTheobroma cacaot0
- Treatment
- controlled handlinge2
- Interactor
- Aspergillus flavusAspergillus flavuse2other
- Second interactor
- Aspergillus nigerAspergillus nigere2other
- Outcome
- source of inoculume2
- Direction
- reducee2
- Comparator
- uncontrol handlinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Theobroma cacao L.”
e2“The fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger show that controlled handling can reduce the source of inoculum compared to uncontrol handling”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled handling could not reduce the inoculum source of Rhizoctonia sp. on cocoa beans.
- Taxon
- Theobroma cacaoTheobroma cacaot0
- Treatment
- controlled handlinge3
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia sp.
.jpg?width=60)
Rhizoctoniae3other - Outcome
- source of inoculume3
- Direction
- cannot reducee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Theobroma cacao L.”
e3“In contrast to the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, the fungi Rhizoctonia sp. shows that controlled handling cannot reduce the source of inoculum”